亚洲免费av电影一区二区三区,日韩爱爱视频,51精品视频一区二区三区,91视频爱爱,日韩欧美在线播放视频,中文字幕少妇AV,亚洲电影中文字幕,久久久久亚洲av成人网址,久久综合视频网站,国产在线不卡免费播放

        ?

        Accents, Identity, and Stereotype in the film My Fair Lady

        2018-01-28 11:22:48李美
        校園英語(yǔ)·中旬 2018年13期
        關(guān)鍵詞:簡(jiǎn)介外國(guó)語(yǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院

        My Fair Lady is a 1964 American musical film starred by Audrey Hepburn and Rex Harrison as Eliza Doolittle and Henry Higgins respectively. Based on the 1912 stage play Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw, this film tells the tale of how London phonetics professor Henry Higgins gives cockney flower seller Eliza Doolittle speech lessons in order to pass her off as a duchess, making her a presentable and noble lady in the Embassy Ball of the high society of London.

        It is worth particular noticing that the primal focus of this film is on phonetics and phonology rather than the topics of conversation or how she should act or behave appropriately (Razfar, A., & Rumenapp, J. C. 2013). This is of vital importance as it displays the inextricable connection between accents and identity. As Professor Higgins puts it in his refashioning “guttersnipe” Eliza, I “change her into a different human being by creating a new speech for her”. By equating the “spoken self” with ones social identity, Professor Higgins blatantly directs the audiences attention to the embedded associations (or stereotypes) attached to ones way of speech.

        Being frown upon as uneducated and vulgar manner of speaking, Elizas “Cockney” accent immediately gives away her humble origin and upbringing, thus reinforcing the overall negative attitude to it. As an English variety associated with London East End, Elizas position as a lower working class East Ender is tongue-evident. Set in the Edwardian and Victorian era, Londons East End grows to be associated with poverty and filthiness. So is the speech of East End Londoners. As shown in Professor Higgins words, “Look at her, a prisoner of the gutter / Condemned by every syllable she utters / By right she should be taken out and hung /For the cold-blooded murder of the English tongue.” Cockney is not only stigmatized as “inferior” (the language of prisoners of the gutter) but also “corrupt” (the cold-blooded murder of the English tongue). If this would not suffice to show how Cockney was historically perceived by the London high-brows, in 1909 these attitudes even received an official recognition thanks to the report of The Conference on the Teaching of English in London Elementary School issued by the London County Council, where is stated that “... the Cockney mode of speech, with its unpleasant twang, is a modern corruption without legitimate credentials, and is unworthy of being the speech of any person in the capital city of the Empire”.

        Eliza Doolittle, as a symbol of a whole category of people from the lower strata of society, is keenly aware of the value of ‘proper speech in improving her prospects for employment. In order to secure an assistant job in a florists shop, Eliza willingly accepts and endures speech tutoring, endlessly repeating phrases like “In Hertford, Hereford and Hampshire, hurricanes hardly ever happen” and “The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain”. Though experiencing countless confrontations and conflicts with Professor Higgins, Eliza continues her trial-and-error study as she bears strong practical motives to learn how to speak with a more socially acceptable upper-class accent. On the surface level, this process is Professor Higgins experiment on accent and identity. He intends to use his successful remodeling of Eliza to win the wager with Pickering and further prove his belief in “l(fā)anguaging social identity”, as stated by him in the film “An Englishmans way of speaking absolutely classifies him. The moment he talks he makes some other Englishman despise him”. But if viewed from a different perspective, for Eliza, this is more of an empowering process. Once victimized and inflicted by her socially stigmatized Cockney accent, Eliza decides to empower herself by imitating the socioeconomically and politically powerful tongue as she tries to climb up the social ladder. Ironically, this empowering process is also built on her recognition of the existence of a “proper way of speaking” and its association with higher social status. In this sense, Eliza, for all the time, is a victim who is manipulated by the popular notion of accent and identity. On a second thought, all characters in this film are victims of such stereotypical associations between accents and identity from a purely linguistic perspective. And the main culprits for creating such stereotypes are just no others; each one should claim a share of responsibility.

        However, putting aside the factor of linguistic richness, we can see that language stereotyping, in actual social setting, serves perfectly for the interests and needs of the established groups to dispel “outsiders” and freeze their “social upward mobility” in an seemingly invisible but highly efficient way by marginalizing and stigmatizing their tongue. In Elizas case, coming from Lisson Grove in Paddington, one of the poorest areas of London at the turn of the century, Eliza speaks and behaves in a way that sets her decidedly apart from the upper-class characters of the story. The resulting estrangement between her and Professor Higgins upon the first meeting illustrates what fundamentally divides social classes lies not only in terms of wealth, but in communication. Being able to speak with Received Pronunciation (RP) wins her entry ticket to the circle of upper social class while her Cockney accent only serves as a stumbling block as evidenced by the failure in landing an assistant job and the public shock caused by her lapse of Cockney slang at Ascot Racecourse.

        In this sense, we can see that people with a collective awareness of covert or overt linguistic stereotypes, tend to employ languages and accents not only to communicate but constitute and negotiate each others identities. Just as Miller (2004) explains, “Speaking is itself a critical tool of representation, a way of representing the self and others. It is the means through which identity is constituted, and agency or self-advocacy is made manifest. In other words, we represent and negotiate identity, and construct that of others, through speaking and hearing” (p. 293-4).

        Today, public opinion of Cockney becomes more tolerant and favorable. Class barriers as defined by accent also begin to break down as Cockney-speaking figures receiving more and more recognitions such as actor Michael Caine. Nevertheless, “popular culture has a history of taking advantage of Cockneys implied lack of refinement, and continues to use it today” (Espey, N). From Eliza Doolittles apparent need to be rid of it, to director Guy Ritchies use of it in gangster films, the Cockney accent has carried, and continues to carry, the burden of a gritty connotation.

        References:

        [1]Miller,J.Identity and language use: the politics of speaking esl in schools[J].Aneta Pavlenko,págs,2004:290-315.

        [2]Razfar,A.,&Rumenapp;,J.C.Applying linguistics in the classroom:a sociocultural approach[J].Routledge,2013.

        [3]Espey,N.Cockney Rhyming Slang:An iconic vernacular[OL].http://coventgardenmemories.org.uk/page_id__66.aspx?path=0p29p35p.

        【作者簡(jiǎn)介】李美,西安醫(yī)學(xué)院外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院 。

        猜你喜歡
        簡(jiǎn)介外國(guó)語(yǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院
        新鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)學(xué)院
        同濟(jì)大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院介紹
        A Study of Blended-teaching Model in Medical English
        An Analysis on Holden’s Anti-hero Imagein The Catcher in the Rye
        Research on Guidance Mechanism of Public Opinion in Colleges and Universities in Micro Era
        Book review on “Educating Elites”
        Hometown
        鄭州外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校
        ?????? ??? ?????―?? ,?? ??? ????
        包頭醫(yī)學(xué)院第一附屬醫(yī)院
        深夜福利小视频在线观看| 加勒比日韩视频在线观看| 国产精品亚洲精品日韩已方 | 国产尤物AV尤物在线看| 久久亚洲精品成人综合| 国产丝袜美腿中文字幕| 美女mm131爽爽爽| 国产在线精品一区二区三区不卡| 国产va在线播放| 成人大片在线观看视频| 国产黄大片在线观看画质优化| 精品亚洲欧美无人区乱码| 窄裙美女教师在线观看视频| 一区二区激情偷拍老牛视频av| 国产成人无码a在线观看不卡| 亚洲欧美日韩中文在线制服| 亚洲激情人体艺术视频| 久久婷婷综合激情亚洲狠狠 | 国产人与zoxxxx另类| 欧美中文字幕在线| 亚洲国产成人精品久久成人| 一本色道久久88加勒比一| 国产精品9999久久久久| 最新国产精品亚洲二区| 麻豆成年人视频在线观看| 性做久久久久久免费观看| 老妇肥熟凸凹丰满刺激| 国产精品美女一级在线观看| 日本久久精品福利视频| 一本色道久久综合无码人妻| 久久精品re| 亚洲大胆视频在线观看| 久久久久久av无码免费网站下载| 国产成人无码免费网站| 欧美一级视频在线| 亚洲中文字幕久久精品色老板| 极品少妇被猛的白浆直喷白浆 | 人妻系列无码专区久久五月天| 国产视频一区二区三区观看| 让少妇高潮无乱码高清在线观看 | 毛片大全真人在线|