“Monthly, seasonal and annual climate data provide a valuable record of the changing climate in the UK. However, these average figures have a tendency to mask extreme weather and climate events. So in our latest report we have focussed on those measures which record weather extremes - complementing our recently published State of the UK climate 2017 report - which shows how the UK's climate is changing.”
“月、季節(jié)和年氣候數(shù)據(jù)提供了英國氣候變化有價值的記錄。但是,這些平均特征有掩蓋極端天氣和氣候事件的趨勢。因此,我們在最新報告里聚焦記錄極端天氣的觀測值——對最近發(fā)表的英國氣候2017年報告進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充——展示了英國的氣候是如何變化的?!?/p>
——英國氣象局在發(fā)表了關(guān)于2017年氣候狀況的報告后,又最新發(fā)表了這份補(bǔ)充報告,就補(bǔ)充報告的目的,報告的主要研制者,來自英國氣象局國家氣候信息中心Mark McCarthy如是說。
“It's the craziest activity I have ever been in in my life. But it is also like a dream come true.”
“這是我一生中參與其中的瘋狂活動,但也是讓夢想成真?!?/p>
——2018年11月,主要由美國、阿根廷和巴西學(xué)者參與的,在位于阿根廷安第斯山東側(cè)易于形成的特大暴雨形成機(jī)理外場試驗(yàn)——RELAMPAGO(帶電、閃電和中尺度/微尺度過程地面適應(yīng)觀測項(xiàng)目, RELAMPAGO為西班牙語“閃電”之意)開始實(shí)施,試驗(yàn)投入3000萬美元,是美國境外最大規(guī)模的類似試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)的阿根廷方面負(fù)責(zé)人,布宜諾斯艾利斯大學(xué)大氣科學(xué)家 Paola Salio如此描述這次試驗(yàn)。
“Currents generated in space can induce currents in power lines and cause blackouts or disruptions to service. Disruptions to the electric grid for hours, or perhaps for days or weeks, are a major concern for national security and human health and safety.”
“太空電磁流能夠誘發(fā)供電網(wǎng)電流,引發(fā)供電中斷或設(shè)施被破壞。電網(wǎng)遭受到數(shù)小時,甚至是數(shù)天、數(shù)周的中斷,是國家安全和居民福祉與安全的重要考量?!?/p>
——NOAA與合作伙伴NASA目前正在探討下一個到達(dá)拉格朗日點(diǎn)1(L1)的衛(wèi)星項(xiàng)目,以更好地監(jiān)測空間天氣。L1點(diǎn)軌道是任何時候都保持與太陽和地球在直線上的特殊軌道。針對這項(xiàng)使命的意義,NOAA空間天氣預(yù)測中心首席科學(xué)家Howard Singer做了上述解釋。
2018年11月2 日,原告中包括了21位從11歲到22歲的年輕人,狀告美國政府因不能防范危險的氣候變化而侵害了法律賦予他們的生命、自由和財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利,美國最高法院立案受理,從而被更多的人關(guān)注,一些當(dāng)事人發(fā)聲解釋該案原告的訴求和態(tài)度。
“The youth of our nation won an important decision today from the Supreme Court that shows even the most powerful government in the world must follow the rules and process of litigation in our democracy.”
“我們國家的年輕人今天贏得了最高法院的一個重要決定,這個決定表明即使是世界上最強(qiáng)大的政府也必須遵守我們民主制度的規(guī)則和程序?!?/p>
——Julia Olson, co-counsel for the plaintiffs, in a statement reacting to the Supreme Court decision
——Julia Olson, 原告聯(lián)合法律顧問就最高法院決定發(fā)表的聲明
“We need to win as soon as possible, but if we lose, we don't give up — we come back with a stronger case.”
“我們需要盡可能快的獲勝,但是如果我們失敗了,我們不會放棄——我們將攜更強(qiáng)的訴訟卷土重來?!?/p>
——James Hansen, a climatologist at Columbia University,but he is also a plaintiff, representing “future generations” not yet born. (His 20-year-old granddaughter, Sophie Kivlehan, is also a plaintiff.)
——James Hansen,哥倫比亞大學(xué)氣候?qū)W家,也是原告,代表尚未出生的“未來一代”。(他的現(xiàn)年20歲的孫子Sophie Kivlehan也是原告)