曾毅+胡鞍鋼

摘 要：我國面臨兩大人口安全問題：一方面人口快速老化但基本養(yǎng)老保障薄弱，而缺乏健全社會養(yǎng)老保障，使得農(nóng)民養(yǎng)兒防老現(xiàn)實需求很高，在很大程度上導(dǎo)致了另一方面出生性別比超常偏高。但是這兩個密切相關(guān)的重大人口安全問題卻由

衛(wèi)生和計劃生育委員會

與老齡委分而治之，難以有效發(fā)動群眾、整合資源和提高效率。因此，我們建議：盡快將老齡工作系統(tǒng)并入

衛(wèi)生計生服務(wù)

系統(tǒng)，盡快將國家衛(wèi)生和計劃生育委員會更名為“國家健康與家庭福祉委員會”，新機構(gòu)的主要職能是全民健康、計劃生育、醫(yī)療康復(fù)養(yǎng)老結(jié)合的老齡服務(wù)和家庭發(fā)展；建議鼓勵支持成年子女與老人同住或鄰近居住，既有利于應(yīng)對人口老齡化嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)和改善家庭福祉，又可以減少因小家庭戶數(shù)大幅增加而導(dǎo)致的能源消費較快膨脹，有利于環(huán)境保護和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

關(guān)鍵詞：人口安全問題；人口老齡化；出生性別比；健康與家庭福祉；減少能源消費

中圖分類號：C913.6 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1000-4149（2017）04-0036-07

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-4149.2017.04.004

Integrate Administrations of Health， Family Planning， and Population Aging，

to Promote Well-being of Billions Families

ZENG Yi1，2， HU Angang3

1. National School of Development/Raissun Institute for Advanced Studies， Peking University，

Beijing 100071， China； 2. Center for Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics

Division， School of Medicine， Duke University， Durham 27710 NC， USA； 3. School of

Economics and Management， Tsinghua University， Beijing 100871， China）

Abstract：China has been exposed to two major population-safety problems： 1） the rapid population aging without good social security system especially in rural areas， which leads to farmers high demands of old age support from their sons， and consequently at least to a large extent caused another major problem： 2） abnormally high sex ratio at birth. These two major problems are highly correlated each other， but they are currently administratively managed by two independent governmental agencies of National Health & Family Planning Commission and National Committee on Aging. Such administrative system makes it hard to efficiently mobilize the public and uneasy to fully utilize the available resources. Thus， we propose a reform to integrate the national and local aging committee network into health and family planning system， and establish the National Health and Family Welfare Commission as soon as possible. The new national commissions main administrative work responsibility will be nationwide citizens health， family planning， old ages services， and family well-being development including population aging works. We also suggest to adopt a policy of encouraging adult children living with or nearby their old parents， which may not only be helpful to face the serious challenge of rapid population aging， but also can contribute to environment protection and sustainable development by reducing energy consumption caused by increasing numbers of small nuclear households and empty-nested elderly.endprint