周其林+謝建華+沈其龍+席振峰+崔春明

摘 要：人類社會的進(jìn)步與發(fā)展離不開新物質(zhì)的發(fā)現(xiàn)與創(chuàng)造，而合成化學(xué)則是創(chuàng)造新物質(zhì)的主要工具和手段。在新物質(zhì)的創(chuàng)造過程中，磷、氟、硼、硅、稀土等元素扮演著極其重要的角色。然而，這些重要元素資源正因人類的不合理利用而日益貧乏和枯竭。因此，針對“新物質(zhì)的創(chuàng)造和轉(zhuǎn)化”的科學(xué)問題，結(jié)合當(dāng)前合成化學(xué)發(fā)展的新形勢和面臨的新問題，從促進(jìn)我國寶貴元素資源的高效利用出發(fā)，開展若干重要元素的有機(jī)化學(xué)前沿研究具有極其重要的科學(xué)意義和巨大的社會效益，也是一個艱巨的挑戰(zhàn)。 本項目將充分利用我國在元素有機(jī)化學(xué)方面長期的研究基礎(chǔ)和隊伍優(yōu)勢，選取磷、氟、硼、硅、稀土等重要元素開展元素有機(jī)化學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)和前沿研究。項目將設(shè)置4個課題：（1）有機(jī)磷新試劑和新功能研究；（2）含氟有機(jī)化合物的選擇性合成和應(yīng)用研究；（3） 硼、硅有機(jī)化合物的特性和應(yīng)用研究；（4）新穎稀土有機(jī)化合物的合成和性能研究，并圍繞這4個方面，深入認(rèn)識和探索元素有機(jī)化合物新成鍵模式、新反應(yīng)性；通過對元素有機(jī)化合物的立體、電子效應(yīng)等的調(diào)控，發(fā)展元素有機(jī)新試劑，發(fā)現(xiàn)元素有機(jī)化合物的新功能；開展功能有機(jī)化合物和材料的合成研究，并發(fā)展相應(yīng)的新技術(shù)。重點(diǎn)解決元素有機(jī)化合物新的成鍵模式、新的反應(yīng)性、以及新功能及其調(diào)控等關(guān)鍵科學(xué)問題。通過項目的實(shí)施，有望發(fā)展若干具有國際影響的元素有機(jī)新試劑、新反應(yīng)和新方法，造就一支在國際上有重要影響力的研究隊伍，推動我國有機(jī)化學(xué)及相關(guān)學(xué)科的發(fā)展，進(jìn)一步提升我國在元素有機(jī)化學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域的國際影響和地位，促進(jìn)我國寶貴元素資源的高效利用和社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

關(guān)鍵詞：有機(jī)化學(xué) 合成化學(xué) 新物質(zhì)創(chuàng)造 重要元素

Abstract：The development of human society is inseparable from the discovery and creation of new substances. Synthetic chemistry is one of the most important tools and methods for creating new substances. In the process of the creating new substances， the elements such as phosphorus， fluorine， boron， silicon and rare earth play an essential role. However， the resources of these important elements are depleted rapidly because of the irrational use. Therefore， in the view of the scientific problems of "the creation and transformation of new substances"， the basic and cutting-edge research on the organic chemistry of these elements is highly importance for developing new synthetic chemistry and promoting the efficient use of our element resources， and consequently is beneficial to sustainable development of human society. Based on the long-term and productive studies on the elemento-organic chemistry， particularly on the organic chemistries of aforementioned important elements in China in last few decades， the researches of this project will set up four subjects including （1）New organo-phosphorus reagents and new functions； （2）Selective synthesis of organo-fluorine compounds and their applications； （3）Properties and applications of organo-boron and organo-silicon compounds； （4）Synthesis and properties of new organo-metallic compounds of rare earth elements. This project will intend to in-depth investigate and explore the new bond-forming mode and new reactivity of elemento-organic compounds； to develop new reagents and discover new functions of elemento-organic compounds through regulating their steric and electronic structures； to synthesize new functional organic compounds and materials， and to develop new synthetic methodologies. All of these studies will focus on the scientific issues including （1）new bond-forming mode of element-organic compounds； （2） new reactivity of elemento-organic compounds； （3）new properties of elemento-organic compounds and their regulations. By implementation of this project， the developments of a number of new elemento-organic reagents， new reactions， and new methodologies are expected. This project will also promote the development of organic chemistry and related disciplines in our country. Furthermore， research achievements of this project will provide a scientific basis and technological support for improving the efficiency of the use of element resources and will promote the sustainable development of our society.

Key Words：Important element； Synthetic chemistry； Organic chemistry； Creation of new substance

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