LAN Wu

(School of History,Culture and Tourism,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,Guangxi 541001,China)

Retrospect and Prospect:A Study on Chieftain Legal System and Local Governance in the Southwest

GE Tian-bo

(Research Center of Society,Economy and Culture of Wujiang Valley,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China)

A Study on Cultural Features of Oral Music in Chieftain Areas in Chongqing

XIAO Gang

(Research Center of Society,Economy and Culture of Wujiang Valley,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China)

Diversity of Local Knowledge and Rural Culture

LIU Bing-qing,XU Jie-shun

(China Three Gorges University,Yichang,Hubei 443002;Guangxi University for Nationalities,Nanning,Guangxi 530006,China)

A Study on Functions of Town Society in Sichuan in Qing Dynasty

GONG Yi-long

(Chongqing China Three Gorges Museum,Chongqing 400015,China)

Ways of Educating and Training Farmers in Southeast Chongqing Ecological Conservation and Development Zone

FU Xian-jie,HE Lian

(Mount.Wuling Research Center,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China)

A Study of Food Culture on Dragon Boat Festival in Ancient Hubei

LI Xue-nan,XIAO Yuan-ping

(School of Ethnology and Sociology,Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

The View that Poetry Was Spoiled by Su Shi and Huang Tingjian and Poetics of Allusion Using in Sui Han Tang Poetry Notes

JIN Hua

(School of Literature and Journalism,Chongqing University of Education,Chongqing 400067,China)

New Youth and Chinese Vernacular Poetry Movement--Center on Hu Shi et al of Peking University

TAO Yong-li

(School of Law,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China)

On Body Writing--Life Care and Spiritual Exploration in Jian Zhen’Essays

QI Yao

(School of Literature,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006)

An Inspection and Study on Academic Burdens of Elementary Students

SUN Kai

(Department of P.E.and Art Teaching,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 102488,China)

Seeking Space for Justice--Thrasymachus’Challenge in Volume One of The Republic

TAN Jian-cheng

(Science&Technology Department,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China）

Recent Progress of the Researches of the Chinese Chieftain System and the Diversification in the Perspective of Annual Meeting

LAN Wu

(School of History,Culture and Tourism,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,Guangxi 541001,China)

Abstract:The study on Chinese chieftain system and culture has been gaining popularity in recent years. And that the chieftain relics in China were listed on the World Heritage Catalogue in 2015 has pushed the study to a new height.Since 2009,seven national(or international)academic seminars on Chinese chieftain system and culture have been held in China.Besides,annual meeting has become an important venue that gathers researchers studying on Chinese chieftain system and culture,as well as a major platform for displaying research achievements. Therefore,A systematic sorting and comprehensive summary of the recent progress of studies in chieftain system and culture in the perspective of annual meeting will be conducive to both the deepened researches in this field and the future construction of chieftain study as a discipline.

chieftain system;annual meeting;recent progress;feature

Retrospect and Prospect:A Study on Chieftain Legal System and Local Governance in the Southwest

GE Tian-bo

(Research Center of Society,Economy and Culture of Wujiang Valley,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China)

Abstract:Chieftain system held an important place in the national governance system in Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties.It was an effective way to govern locals by imperial power,as well as a means to balance the politic interests between the chieftains and central government.The inherent mechanism between chieftain legal system and local governance ran through the political design and operation of vision of imperial unification.Past researches did not involve anything beyond the explanation of chieftain system and local governance.As chieftain has become a discipline,it is of great urgency to further study chieftain legal system and local governance,among which,the major contents are the relations and differences between chieftain legal system and national system,the efficient cohesion between the chieftain legal system and rules in villages,and the attribution of the terminal adjudicative power,to chieftain jurisdiction or national jurisdiction.The study focuses on the different origins of chieftain legal system and state institution,the efficiency connection between chieftain legal system and village rules, chieftain jurisdiction and the final arbitration of state jurisdiction.The study will further draw attention to the methods of chieftain research from academic field,so as to break the traditional belief that“theory stems from history”

Key words:chieftain law;local governance;taking discipline as a prospective;means of research;relation

A Study on Cultural Features of Oral Music in Chieftain Areas in Chongqing

XIAO Gang

(Research Center of Society,Economy and Culture of Wujiang Valley,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China)

Abstract:Chieftain areas in Chongqing are the gathering places of Han nationality and national minorities, including Tujia,Miao,Hui and Man.These chieftain areas,together with other provinces and municipalities, generate and develop the southwest chieftain culture with unique characteristics.Oral music is a major folk art form in chieftain areas in Chongqing.Hence,it is of great value and significance to know the forms and development of local ethnic and folk music and culture by studying the cultural features of oral music in these areas.This thesis,through sorting and analyzing the major contents of the oral music in chieftain areas in Chongqing,summarizes cultural features of oral music,such as optimistic,impromptu and oral,demonstrated by the oral music in these areas.

Key words:chieftain system;oral music;cultural feature

Diversity of Local Knowledge and Rural Culture

LIU Bing-qing,XU Jie-shun

(China Three Gorges University,Yichang,Hubei 443002;Guangxi University for Nationalities,Nanning,Guangxi 530006,China)

Abstract:The diversity of rural culture is determined by the diversity of culture which is in turn determined by the diversity of biology.Under the perspective of cultural diversity,local knowledge is an anthropological explanatory tool for the diversity of rural culture.

Key words:local knowledge;rural culture;diversity

A Study on Functions of Town Society in Sichuan in Qing Dynasty

GONG Yi-long

(Chongqing China Three Gorges Museum,Chongqing 400015,China)

Abstract:Town as a society was one of the fundamental contents of a migrant society in Sichuan in Qing Dynasty.A town was a social life center,as well as a business fair.More importantly,it was an important place where officials exercised social control.Most functions of rural grassroots societies were reflected by the market of a town.

Key words:Qing Dynasty;Sichuan;town;social functions

Ways of Educating and Training Farmers in Southeast Chongqing Ecological Conservation and Development Zone

FU Xian-jie,HE Lian

(Mount.Wuling Research Center,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China)

Abstract:This thesis,based on the study of the current situation of farmers’quality in southeast Chongqing Ecological Conservation and Development Zone,addresses the problem of farmers’education in the rural areas in southeast Chongqing,and further discusses the direction and major points of farmers’education and training.The training should continue to focus on cultivating new type of professional farmers and rural practical talents,and unwaveringly stick to the training of the transfer of rural surplus labor.We should combine the training of rural agricultural and non-agricultural professional skills,and attention should be paid to the demonstration of training and education of inheriting and innovating folk culture in minority regions.As for the contents of the training and education,we should follow a scientific path and adapt ourselves to the development demand of modern agriculture.

Key words:southeast Chongqing;new type of professional farmer;farmers'education and training

A Study of Food Culture on Dragon Boat Festival in Ancient Hubei

LI Xue-nan,XIAO Yuan-ping

(School of Ethnology and Sociology,Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

Abstract:Dragon Boat Festival,one of the three traditional Chinese folk festivals,started in the State Warring Period,developed in Han Dynasty and formally formed in Song Dynasty.Through the development in the past ages,it has formed unique food culture.In ancient times,customs on this festival included drinking realgar wine and absinthe and eating eggs and zongzi.With the development of industry and society in recent years,zongzi and dragon boat have become two prominent symbols of the festival.As Hubei is both the original place of the Dragon Boat Festival and the legend of Qu Yuan,and the major place of the prototype of modern Dragon Boat Festival,it is of great significance to understand the culture of the Festival by learning the changes and connotation of the food culture on the Dragon Boat Festival in Hubei.

Key words:food culture;Dragon Boat Festival;cultural circle in Hubei

The View that Poetry Was Spoiled by Su Shi and Huang Tingjian and Poetics of Allusion Using in Sui Han Tang Poetry Notes

JIN Hua

(School of Literature and Journalism,Chongqing University of Education,Chongqing 400067,China)

Abstract:In his Sui Han Tang Poetry Notes,Zhang Jie put forward a poetics that poetry was spoiled by Su Shi and Huang Tingjian.This poetics involved the theory of allusion using.Exploring the origin of allusion using and its significance and weakness,this thesis comes to the conclusion that poetics that poetry was spoiled by Su Shi and Huang Tingjian has profound impact on later poetics,including Yan Yu's poetics in his Cang Lang Poetry Notes,the critical poetics of poetry of the Song Dynasty in the poetic circle in mid and late Jin Dynasty,and the criticism on the poetry of the Song Dynasty made by later poetics especially by the poetic circle of Ming Dynasty.

Key words:poetry note;poetics;Su Shi and Huang Tingjian;allusion using

New Youth and Chinese Vernacular Poetry Movement--Center on Hu Shi et al of Peking University

TAO Yong-li

(School of Law,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China)

Abstract:Discussion on and trial of vernacular in poetry was confined to Hu Shi’s private social circle. However,to make it socially effective requires going into public space.Hu Shi published Literary Reform and other series of vernacular poets in New Youth(Volumes two-three),but did not arouse people’s attention.Later, with these poems republished in the Volume Four of New Youth,more teachers from Peking University participated in this movement and did many jobs in creating vernacular poets,translating foreign poetry,and building relevant translation theory.Under the appeal of these teachers and New Youth,some readers gradually joined in this movement,and then vernacular poetry became a“fashion”.

Key words:New Youth;Chinese Vernacular Poetry Movement;Hu Shi;Peking University

On Body Writing--Life Care and Spiritual Exploration in Jian Zhen’Essays

QI Yao

(School of Literature,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006)

Abstract:In China,issues on“body”have aroused wide attention since the 20th century.In recent twenty years especially,“body”,as an important source of literary writing,has been extensively exploited.Therefore, writing about body,desire and personified experience has become major means of literary creation.This paper, based on the generalized concept of“body”,differentiates and analyzes“writing the body”and“body writing”, and explores the deeper meaning of“body writing”in Jian Zhen’s essays,including the representation of women’s body and consciousness,symptoms and reflection of body anxiety,description and thinking of body’s incompletion, and body memory and spiritual ache.This paper analyzes the multiple meanings of body writing in Jian Zhen’s essays,describes life care and spiritual pursuit in her essays,and discloses the unique spiritual and aesthetic meanings in her essays.

Key words:body writing;life care;spiritual pursuit

An Inspection and Study on Academic Burdens of Elementary Students

SUN Kai

(Department of P.E.and Art Teaching,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 102488,China)

Abstract:Academic burdens are efforts made by students when they are carrying out the academic tasks, plus the pressure on their body and mind brought by these efforts.The contents of inspection of pupils’academic burdens include course management,time spent on study at school,homework,illegal extra lessons,examination management,time for relaxation and sports,and the usage of textbooks and education assistant books.Building an inspection system of academic burdens is conducive to standardizing the education and teaching behavior of schools and teachers and relieving pupils’academic burdens,and is of great significance to helping schools to effectively conduct quality-oriented education and promote students’sound development.

Key words:elementary student;academic burden;inspection

Seeking Space for Justice--Thrasymachus’Challenge in Volume One of The Republic

TAN Jian-cheng

(Science&Technology Department,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China）

Abstract:The essence of understanding Socrates’philosophical dialogue on justice does not lie in metaphysics in the conventional sense,but in his endeavor to seek an ideal space for justice.With his superego personality as a philosopher,Socrates,with his life as cost,strived to get rid of the worldly shackles,the control of the democracy rigged by slave owners and the chain of the worship of gods,with an aim of arousing the world of the truth with justice.

Key words:The Republic;justice;classic reading

[英文編輯：曾文武]