卓瑪措

Abstract：With the accelerated process of modernization， globalization has promoted the various regions and among ethnic unprecedented cultural exchange， has accelerated the process of modernization. Tibetan traditional costume are impacting by the current development of modernization， this paper introduces the formation of the Tibetan costumes as background， specifically describe Dzorgay Tibetan traditional women costumes， concluded with modern changes of the Tibetan Costume.

Key Words：Costume， Modern Changes， Tibetan Women

一、Background on the Formation of Tibetan Costumes

Tibetan clothing is one of the traditional Tibetan culture components， and has an important position in Tibetan social life. Tibetan costumes are beautiful and unique； it is the creation and wisdom of Tibetan people for thousands of years. Clothing is the result of human existence and its long-term adaptation to the natural environment. In general， natural factors including geographical environment， climate， ecology and natural conditions determine the costume production. Among them， the geographical environment is often the main factor in determining the climate， and ecological. Climate plays a decisive role on impacting the costume material， the style， color， design concept etc.

二、Dzorgay Tibetan Women Costumes

Dzorgay area with dry climate， large diurnal temperature range， and annual temperature is small； in such climates clothing has to not only to warm， but also easy to wear off， easy to adjust to the weather. Therefore， Tibetan costumes generally have thick cloth， loose structure， long and loose styles. There are different types of the Tibetan robes for women based on the materials as following：

1、Clothing

（1）Sheep Skin Robe.Dzorgay Tibetan women choose sheepskin to sew this winter robe. The lambskin robe is warmer and wearable， it is the best costume for Tibetan women when they go out during the harsh weather or move to different herding places， or to attend special local celebrations such as Losar or to attend wedding during the winter. Specifications for sewing the robe use sheepskin as the basic material， hair toward the inside， white skin outward， edging with colorful fabrics.

（2）Lambskin Robe .To sew this winter clothing women choose the finest of lambskin， features with collar width， long sleeve， and right cardigan and for cover use different colors and qualities of fabrics as each individuals favors. Dzorgay women usually wear lambskin robe on special occasions such as big celebrations of Losar， wedding， religious ceremonies etc.

（3）Fabric Robe .Fabric summer robe is made with fabric style as other Tibetan robes；cardigan without buckle， long sleeve， loose waist， and fabric color is mainly black， brown， etc. Women usually wear this in their daily life for convenience to work.

2、Decorations

（1）Headwear and Hair Accessories.Due the harsh weather in Dzorgay area， women often wear hat and scarf to protect from the cold and the sunray.

（2）Necklaces and Neck Accessories .In the past time Dzorgay Tibetan women love to wear coral， turquois necklaces， now they love to wear different styles of coral， turquoise and golden necklaces.

（3）Waist Accessories .Dzorgay women wear silver milk hook and belt， utility evolved decorations， some， such as the shape of milk hook-shaped walnut， carved with auspicious patterns， embedded with red coral agate.

（4）Jewelry.Jewelry including bracelets and rings， common bracelets is ivory bracelets；carve a variety of patterns on a metal bracelet

（5）Earrings.Tibetan earrings are into three categories， earrings， earrings， metal and gem quality. Women earrings of various shapes， the above are also embedded jewels.

三、Dzorgay Costumes with modern change

While many elements of modern fashion clothing styles from the West， but because of its portability and fashion， so that has been fully integrated into Han society and become mainstream clothing. Tibetans and mainland often contacts， so the Han wearing habits entered into the life of Tibetans by cultural and commercial exchanges. Tibetan buy modern clothing directly from the market， they are also subtle aesthetic costumes affected. Tibetan traditional dress are impacting by the current development of modernization， Today seems costume toward a departure from the traditional costumes， Actually not， in fact the traditional Tibetan costumes and did not disappear from Tibetan people， in some areas also still has the meaning of existence， therefore， the development of Tibetan costumes can only take the necessary road of tradition and modernity.

References

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[2] 李玉琴. 藏族服飾文化研究[M]. 人民出版社 2010 （12-29）；

[3] 旦秀英. 安多婦女服裝藝術(shù)[J] 西藏西藏藝術(shù)研究 2001（4）41-43.