嚴(yán)建莉

744400甘肅省靈臺(tái)縣皇甫謐中醫(yī)院

小兒輪狀病毒感染護(hù)理中個(gè)性化護(hù)理理念的應(yīng)用效果分析

嚴(yán)建莉

744400甘肅省靈臺(tái)縣皇甫謐中醫(yī)院

目的：研究小兒輪狀病毒感染護(hù)理中個(gè)性化護(hù)理理念的應(yīng)用效果。方法：收治小兒輪狀病毒感染患兒245例，隨機(jī)分為常規(guī)化組和個(gè)性化組。常規(guī)化組給予一般護(hù)理，個(gè)性化組給予個(gè)性化護(hù)理。比較兩組患兒的排便恢復(fù)正常時(shí)間、平均住院時(shí)間、家長滿意度評分、患兒依從性評分、療效及并發(fā)癥。結(jié)果：個(gè)性化組治療總有效率明顯高于常規(guī)化組，并發(fā)癥率明顯低于常規(guī)化組(P＜0.05)。個(gè)性化組患兒排便恢復(fù)正常時(shí)間、平均住院時(shí)間、家長滿意度評分、患兒依從性評分均明顯優(yōu)于常規(guī)化組(P＜0.05)。結(jié)論：小兒輪狀病毒感染護(hù)理中個(gè)性化護(hù)理理念的應(yīng)用效果確切，可有效改善患兒臨床癥狀，提高其依從性，減少并發(fā)癥，縮短住院時(shí)間，家長滿意度高。

小兒輪狀病毒感染；個(gè)性化護(hù)理理念；應(yīng)用效果

小兒輪狀病毒感染發(fā)病率高，在秋冬季節(jié)多發(fā)，可出現(xiàn)嘔吐、腹瀉等臨床癥狀[1]。本研究探討了小兒輪狀病毒感染護(hù)理中個(gè)性化護(hù)理理念的應(yīng)用效果，現(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。

資料與方法

2013年10月-2016年10月收治小兒輪狀病毒感染患兒245例，根據(jù)計(jì)算機(jī)隨機(jī)法分兩組，常規(guī)化組120例，個(gè)性化組 125 例。常規(guī)化組男 60 例，女 60例，年齡 6 個(gè)月～3 歲，平均(1.21±0.73)歲。個(gè)性化組男63例，女62例。年齡6個(gè)月～3 歲，平均(1.24±0.71)歲。兩組患兒一般資料差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P＞0.05)。

方法：常規(guī)化組護(hù)理中應(yīng)用一般護(hù)理。個(gè)性化組護(hù)理中應(yīng)用個(gè)性化護(hù)理理念，具體如下：①心理疏導(dǎo)：根據(jù)患兒年齡、性格特點(diǎn)和心理狀態(tài)進(jìn)行針對性護(hù)理，通過眼神、語言溝通和手勢等對患兒表達(dá)關(guān)心和鼓勵(lì)，安撫患兒不良情緒，提高其配合度。②飲食護(hù)理：用脫脂奶、米湯和酸奶等代替牛奶。對6個(gè)月以上患兒需給予富含熱量和營養(yǎng)的食物；對母乳喂養(yǎng)兒需繼續(xù)母乳喂養(yǎng)，母親避免食用油膩食物；對嚴(yán)重嘔吐患兒需禁食6 h。③補(bǔ)液護(hù)理：根據(jù)患兒體重、臨床癥狀、尿量、腹瀉次數(shù)和皮膚情況等進(jìn)行補(bǔ)液護(hù)理，遵循先濃后淡、先鹽后糖、先快后慢、見尿補(bǔ)鉀的原則，并注意觀察患兒生命體征變化，合理調(diào)節(jié)補(bǔ)液方案。④預(yù)防性護(hù)理：積極預(yù)防患兒高熱、驚厥等癥狀的發(fā)生，若出現(xiàn)上述癥狀需及時(shí)進(jìn)行對癥處理，保持皮膚清潔干燥，預(yù)防紅臀的發(fā)生，必要時(shí)給予鞣酸軟膏涂抹。

觀察指標(biāo)：對比兩組患兒排便恢復(fù)正常時(shí)間、平均住院時(shí)間、家長滿意度評分、患兒依從性評分、療效和并發(fā)癥。

療效判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：①顯效：癥狀消失，輪狀病毒陰性；②有效：癥狀改善，輪狀病毒陰性；③無效：未達(dá)到上述標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[2]。總有效=顯效+有效。

統(tǒng) 計(jì) 學(xué)方法：以 SPSS 21.0 軟件處理，計(jì)數(shù)資料采用χ2檢驗(yàn)。計(jì)量數(shù)據(jù)采用t檢驗(yàn)，P＜0.05 表示差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

結(jié)果

兩組患兒排便恢復(fù)正常時(shí)間、平均住院時(shí)間、家長滿意度評分、患兒依從性評分比較：個(gè)性化組患兒排便恢復(fù)正常時(shí)間、平均住院時(shí)間、家長滿意度評分、患兒依從性評分均明顯優(yōu)于常規(guī)化組(P＜0.05)，見表1。

兩組療效比較：個(gè)性化組治療總有效 率 明 顯 高 于 常 規(guī) 化 組 (P＜0.05)， 見表2。

App lication effect analysis o f individualized nursing concep t in the nursing o f child ren w ith rotavirus in fection

Yan Jianli
Huangfu MiTraditionalChineseMedicine HospitalofLingtaiCounty,Gansu Province 744400

Objective:To study the application effectof individualized nursing concept in the nursing of children with rotavirus infection.Methods:245 children with rotavirus infection were selected.Theywere randomly divided into the routine group and the individualized group.The routine groupwas given generalnursing.The individualized groupwas given individualized nursing.The recovery time of normal defecation,average hospitalization time,parents'satisfaction score,children's compliance score and total effective rate and the complication rate were compared between groups.Results:The totaleffective rate of the individualized group was significantly higher than that of the routine group,and the complication rate was significantly lower than that of the routine group(P＜0.05).The recovery time of normal defecation,average hospitalization time,parents'satisfaction score,children's compliance score of the individualized group were significantly better than those of the routine group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The application effect of individualized nursing concept in the nursing of children with rotavirus infection is accurate,which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of children,improve their compliance,reduce complications,shorten the hospitalization time,and theparents'satisfaction ishigh.

Childrenwith rotavirus infection;Individualized nursingconcept;Application effect

10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2017.9.94