陳勝陽(yáng) 胡 杰 張永強(qiáng) 王更富 岳修勤
(新鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)學(xué)院第一附屬醫(yī)院麻醉科,新鄉(xiāng) 453100)
·臨床論著·
持續(xù)輸注右美托咪定在停跳冠狀動(dòng)脈旁路移植術(shù)中對(duì)高遷移率族蛋白1表達(dá)的影響*
陳勝陽(yáng) 胡 杰**①?gòu)堄缽?qiáng) 王更富 岳修勤
(新鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)學(xué)院第一附屬醫(yī)院麻醉科,新鄉(xiāng) 453100)
目的 探討右美托咪定在冠狀動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化性心臟病(冠心病)停跳冠狀動(dòng)脈旁路移植手術(shù)中對(duì)高遷移率族蛋白1(high mobility group box-1 protein,HMGB-1)的影響。方法選取我院2015年2~12月常規(guī)行停跳冠狀動(dòng)脈旁路移植手術(shù)60例,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表隨機(jī)分為右美托咪定組和對(duì)照組,每組各30例。2組均用咪達(dá)唑侖、舒芬太尼、維庫(kù)溴銨進(jìn)行麻醉誘導(dǎo),術(shù)中采用丙泊酚和舒芬太尼靶控輸注,間斷注射維庫(kù)溴銨,維持腦電雙頻指數(shù)(bispectral index,BIS) 40~60,右美托咪定組從誘導(dǎo)開(kāi)始加注右美托咪定0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1進(jìn)行維持麻醉,對(duì)照組給予等量生理鹽水。監(jiān)測(cè)麻醉誘導(dǎo)后、切皮、體外循環(huán)前、術(shù)后1 h 4個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)血壓、心率情況。分別于T1(體外循環(huán)前)、T2(體外循環(huán)結(jié)束時(shí))、T3(術(shù)后6 h)、T4(術(shù)后24 h)、T5(術(shù)后48 h)5個(gè)時(shí)點(diǎn)取血5 ml進(jìn)行HMGB-1,TNF-α酶聯(lián)免疫法檢測(cè)分析。結(jié)果麻醉誘導(dǎo)后血壓右美托咪定組顯著高于對(duì)照組[(65.2±11.4) mm Hg vs.( 52.2±13.6) mm Hg,t=-4.012,P=0.000],切皮后右美托咪定組顯著低于對(duì)照組[(66.1±9.3) mm Hg vs.(74.9±14.8) mm Hg,t=2.758,P=0.008];心率右美托咪定組在誘導(dǎo)后、切皮后、體外循環(huán)前、術(shù)后1 h均顯著慢于對(duì)照組[(63.7±8.0) 次/min vs. (75.6±9.4) 次/min,t=5.280,P=0.000;(59.1±7.6) 次/min vs. (81.8±9.8) 次/min,t=10.026,P=0.000;(54.6±6.1) 次/min vs. (61.6±8.5) 次/min,t=-3.665,P=0.000;(62.5±6.5) 次/min vs. (68.6±7.2) 次/min,t=3.444,P=0.001]。右美托咪定組HMGB-1光密度(optical density,OD)值在T2、T3、T4、T5均明顯低于對(duì)照組(T2:1.65±0.24 vs. 2.58±0.35,t=12.003,P=0.000;T3:2.15±0.30 vs. 3.72±0.61,t=12.650,P=0.000;T4:1.82±0.20 vs. 2.53±0.39,t=8.873,P=0.000;T5:1.95±0.32 vs. 2.92±0.46,t=9.481,P=0.000)。右美托咪定組TNF-α OD值在T2、T3、T4、T5均明顯低于對(duì)照組(T2:2.04±0.32 vs. 3.08±0.41,t=10.952,P=0.000;T3:2.59±0.51 vs. 4.98±0.96,t=12.042,P=0.000;T4:1.76±0.35 vs. 2.93±0.34,t=13.133,P=0.000;T5:1.42±0.25 vs. 2.51±0.30,t=15.288,P=0.000)。結(jié)論在冠心病停跳冠狀動(dòng)脈旁路移植手術(shù)中應(yīng)用右美托咪定能夠降低機(jī)體HMGB-1含量,發(fā)揮其抗炎及免疫調(diào)節(jié)作用,起到保護(hù)作用。
右美托咪定; 冠狀動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化性心臟??; 高遷移率族蛋白1
心肺轉(zhuǎn)流術(shù)(cardiopulmonary bypass,CPB)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用使心血管手術(shù)發(fā)生了質(zhì)的飛躍,同時(shí)也不可避免給機(jī)體帶來(lái)?yè)p傷。心臟手術(shù)病人發(fā)生全身炎癥反應(yīng)綜合征(systemic inflammatory response syndrome,SIRS)不是手術(shù)后立即發(fā)生,而是一種遲發(fā)的,時(shí)間滯后的晚期炎癥反應(yīng)。Wang等[1]研究顯示炎癥反應(yīng)的時(shí)效恰恰與目前發(fā)現(xiàn)的晚期炎癥介質(zhì)——高遷移率族蛋白1(high mobility group box-1 protein,HMGB-1)的作用時(shí)間重疊,其特殊、強(qiáng)大、遲發(fā)的致炎效應(yīng)也與心臟術(shù)后的SIRS相符。TNF-α主要是由缺血再灌注的心肌細(xì)胞釋放,與CPB時(shí)間及升主動(dòng)脈阻斷時(shí)間相關(guān),阻斷越長(zhǎng),TNF-α水平越高。中等劑量TNF-α促進(jìn)IL-6、IL-1急性反應(yīng)蛋白產(chǎn)生[2]。TNF-α是SIRS中最早和最重要的被釋放的細(xì)胞因子之一。右美托咪定是一種新型高選擇性α2腎上腺素受體激動(dòng)劑,Schoeler等[3]研究證實(shí)右美托咪定具有免疫調(diào)節(jié)作用,可降低炎癥反應(yīng),激活抗凋亡信號(hào)通路產(chǎn)生細(xì)胞保護(hù)效應(yīng),對(duì)包括腦、心、肺、腎等在內(nèi)的多種器官具有保護(hù)作用。劉海林等[4]的研究顯示右美托咪定能夠降低心血管手術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),起到HMGB-1抑制劑相似的作用,但具體機(jī)制尚存在爭(zhēng)論。2015年2~12月我們對(duì)60例冠狀動(dòng)脈旁路移植術(shù)在麻醉誘導(dǎo)開(kāi)始分別采用加注右美托咪定0.5 μg·kg-1·h或等量生理鹽水2種不同的麻醉處理方式,對(duì)患者圍術(shù)期HMGB-1的變化進(jìn)行比較,探討右美托咪定可能存在的圍術(shù)期保護(hù)的相關(guān)機(jī)制。
1.1 一般資料
本研究通過(guò)我院倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)(批文號(hào):20150105)。病例選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①無(wú)肝、腎等重要器官功能不全,無(wú)感染性疾病或過(guò)敏病史;②左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)≥40%,且無(wú)左心房血栓,近4周內(nèi)未發(fā)生心肌梗死,心電圖未見(jiàn)傳導(dǎo)阻滯;③心功能Ⅱ~Ⅳ級(jí);④均無(wú)心臟手術(shù)史,無(wú)電解質(zhì)或酸堿平衡紊亂;⑤患者或家屬均自愿參加本研究,并簽署知情同意書(shū)。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):合并明顯呼吸功能不全、肝腎衰竭;Ⅱ級(jí)以上房室傳導(dǎo)阻滯、冠狀動(dòng)脈嚴(yán)重狹窄以及心動(dòng)過(guò)緩;有精神病史、麻醉藥物過(guò)敏史;術(shù)前未經(jīng)控制的嚴(yán)重高血壓史和糖尿病史(未規(guī)律服藥或血壓控制不佳)。選擇60例限期冠狀動(dòng)脈旁路移植,ASA分級(jí)Ⅱ~Ⅲ級(jí),心功能分級(jí)Ⅱ或Ⅲ級(jí),根據(jù)國(guó)際心臟病學(xué)會(huì)冠心病診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或冠狀動(dòng)脈造影診斷為冠心病。年齡60~75歲,血管病變?yōu)?~3支側(cè)支(以前降支、左旋支阻塞90%以上為主,左主干和右冠狀動(dòng)脈完全梗死者排除),術(shù)前患者無(wú)肺通氣和換氣功能障礙?;颊甙慈朐喉樞蚓幪?hào),采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表分為2組:右美托咪定組和對(duì)照組,每組30例。2組患者一般資料無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P>0.05),有可比性,見(jiàn)表1。
表1 2組患者一般資料比較
1.2 方法
①術(shù)前用藥:入室前肌肉注射嗎啡10 mg,東莨菪堿0.3 mg。②麻醉誘導(dǎo)和維持:建立靜脈通路,連接心電圖(electrocardiograph,ECG),脈搏氧飽和度(SpO2),無(wú)創(chuàng)血壓(blood pressure,BP),腦電雙頻指數(shù)(bispectral index,BIS)監(jiān)測(cè),在局部麻醉下完成左側(cè)橈動(dòng)脈穿刺置管和右頸內(nèi)靜脈穿刺置管分別監(jiān)測(cè)動(dòng)脈壓和中心靜脈壓。采用丙泊酚靶控輸注 (target controll infusion,TCI)聯(lián)合舒芬太尼全憑靜脈麻醉(total intravenous anesthesia,TIVA)。術(shù)中丙泊酚靶濃度4~6 mg/L,舒芬太尼0.5~0.8 μg/L,間斷注射維庫(kù)溴銨,維持BIS在40~60。術(shù)中常規(guī)監(jiān)測(cè)ECG、血壓、SpO2、血?dú)狻⒈茄蕼?、有?chuàng)動(dòng)脈壓、中心靜脈壓及BIS值。術(shù)中給予間歇正壓通氣,吸呼比1∶1.5,潮氣量為6~8 ml/kg,頻率10~12次/min,根據(jù)呼氣末二氧化碳分壓調(diào)節(jié)呼吸參數(shù)。③右美托咪定組給藥方法和劑量:靜脈通路建立后,持續(xù)泵入右美托咪定(0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1)至手術(shù)結(jié)束。對(duì)照組:等量生理鹽水持續(xù)泵注至手術(shù)結(jié)束。術(shù)中循環(huán)管理:平均動(dòng)脈壓(mean arterial pressure,MAP)低于60 mm Hg給予補(bǔ)液和升壓處理,MAP高于120 mm Hg給予加深麻醉或降壓處理。術(shù)中CPB前常規(guī)甲潑尼龍20 mg。④手術(shù)方法:胸正中切口,常規(guī)建立CPB,腔房管引流,2組術(shù)中每隔30 min采用4∶1冰晶體停跳液灌注行心肌保護(hù)。⑤體外循環(huán)方法:應(yīng)用進(jìn)口人工心肺機(jī),采用全身中度低溫(27~32 ℃),血液中度稀釋?zhuān)粦?yīng)用4∶1冰晶體停跳液,流量50~70 ml/kg;肝素用量為血預(yù)沖液:5 mg/100 ml,體內(nèi):3 mg/kg。轉(zhuǎn)流期間激活全血凝固時(shí)間維持在480 s以上,轉(zhuǎn)流結(jié)束后以硫酸魚(yú)精蛋白中和肝素(1∶1.3)。轉(zhuǎn)流期間鼻咽溫維持在25.3~34.5 ℃,MAP 60~70 mm Hg。⑥術(shù)后情況及處理:術(shù)后常規(guī)心電監(jiān)護(hù),呼吸機(jī)輔助呼吸,酌情使用正性肌力藥、心血管活性藥及呼末正壓通氣(positive end-expiratory pressure,PEEP)維持循環(huán)呼吸功能穩(wěn)定。術(shù)后常規(guī)監(jiān)測(cè)血常規(guī)、動(dòng)脈血?dú)?、肝、腎功能及電解質(zhì)的變化。
1.3 觀察指標(biāo)
監(jiān)測(cè)麻醉前基礎(chǔ)值、麻醉誘導(dǎo)后、切皮、CPB前、術(shù)后1 h 5個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)血壓、心率。分別于T1(CPB前)、T2(CPB結(jié)束時(shí))、T3(術(shù)后6 h)、T4(術(shù)后24 h)、T5(術(shù)后48 h)取血5 ml,采用淋巴細(xì)胞分離液按密度梯度離心法分離外周血單個(gè)核細(xì)胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cell,PBMC),取約2×106個(gè)細(xì)胞數(shù)凍存。標(biāo)本收集齊后,復(fù)蘇PBMC進(jìn)行HMGB-1、TNF-α酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn),按試劑盒(美國(guó)Sigma公司)說(shuō)明進(jìn)行加樣、孵育、洗板、覆膜孵育、甩干、洗板、終止反應(yīng)等步驟處理,通過(guò)酶標(biāo)儀450 nm波長(zhǎng)測(cè)各孔的光密度(optical density,OD)值進(jìn)行定量分析。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
右美托咪定組術(shù)中出血量、手術(shù)時(shí)間比對(duì)照組明顯減少/縮短(P<0.05),見(jiàn)表2。右美托咪定組MAP在麻醉誘導(dǎo)后顯著高于對(duì)照組,切皮即刻顯著低于對(duì)照組。右美托咪定組HR在麻醉誘導(dǎo)后和切皮即刻、CPB前、術(shù)后1 h顯著低于對(duì)照組,見(jiàn)表3,表明右美托咪定對(duì)整個(gè)手術(shù)過(guò)程尤其是麻醉誘導(dǎo)和切皮時(shí)刻的血壓和心率波動(dòng)更小,循環(huán)較穩(wěn)定。2組患者圍術(shù)期外周血HMGB-1和TNF-α OD值在T2開(kāi)始升高,T3達(dá)峰值,T4下降,HMGB-1 T5升高,2組同一時(shí)間點(diǎn)比較,右美托咪定組在T2、T3、T4、T5時(shí)點(diǎn)均顯著低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),見(jiàn)表4、5。
右美托咪定組ICU時(shí)間(17.23±2.31)h,明顯短于對(duì)照組(28.03±3.48)h(t=-14.162,P=0.003)。術(shù)后右美托咪定組未發(fā)生低氧血癥,對(duì)照組3例,通過(guò)霧化排痰等措施改善。
表2 2組手術(shù)情況比較
表3 2組患者術(shù)中血壓、心率比較
表4 2組患者外周血HMGB-1 OD值比較
T1:CPB前;T2:CPB結(jié)束時(shí);T3:術(shù)后6 h;T4:術(shù)后24 h;T5:術(shù)后48 h
表5 2組患者外周血TNF-α OD值比較
T1:CPB前;T2:CPB結(jié)束時(shí);T3:術(shù)后6 h;T4:術(shù)后24 h;T5:術(shù)后48 h
冠心病的圍術(shù)期血流動(dòng)力學(xué)以維持心肌氧的供需平衡為主[5]。對(duì)冠心病患者,其心肌組織的氧交換主要取決于冠狀動(dòng)脈的供血,而HR作為心肌氧供平衡的主要因素之一,一定程度降低HR有助于心臟耐受缺血[6]。CPB為心臟直視手術(shù)提供可靠的保障,但CPB導(dǎo)致的灌注肺及炎癥反應(yīng)同樣可以從SIRS發(fā)展到到嚴(yán)重的多器官功能不全綜合征(multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,MODS)。本研究右美托咪定組手術(shù)時(shí)間和術(shù)中出血量均明顯短于/少于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),可能與右美托咪定組患者心肌保護(hù)更好,復(fù)跳后心率較慢,更利于外科血管吻合,循環(huán)調(diào)整更快有關(guān),但由于樣本量較小,還需要增大樣本量加以證實(shí)。
HMGB-1是一種進(jìn)化中高度保守的非組蛋白染色體蛋白,以往研究認(rèn)為HMGB-1主要在細(xì)胞核內(nèi)起著骨架蛋白和轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)節(jié)的作用。HMGB-1可被內(nèi)毒素或促炎因子激活的單核巨噬細(xì)胞和垂體后葉細(xì)胞分泌[7],也可通過(guò)壞死細(xì)胞釋放到細(xì)胞外[8],發(fā)揮強(qiáng)大的致炎作用。HMGB-1在炎癥和細(xì)胞凋亡的病理生理學(xué)意義得到學(xué)術(shù)界的高度重視。HMGB-1出現(xiàn)晚、持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng),可能處于炎癥反應(yīng)的下游階段,起維持并延長(zhǎng)炎癥反應(yīng)的作用,為炎癥反應(yīng)的治療干預(yù)提供相對(duì)更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間窗,其獨(dú)特的促炎功能和特點(diǎn),使其比一些早期炎癥介質(zhì)更具有潛在的研究?jī)r(jià)值。HMGB-1在細(xì)胞核內(nèi)主要參與細(xì)胞分化、穩(wěn)定染色質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)、調(diào)節(jié)基因轉(zhuǎn)錄和翻譯以及類(lèi)固醇激素調(diào)控等生命活動(dòng),核內(nèi)的HMGB-1還可通過(guò)炎癥細(xì)胞的主動(dòng)分泌排出至胞外。HMGB-1釋放至胞外后,可視為“內(nèi)源性的危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)”而被免疫系統(tǒng)識(shí)別,啟動(dòng)系列免疫應(yīng)答反應(yīng)[9]。胞外的HMGB-1扮演著“雙重”的角色:凋亡或壞死細(xì)胞被動(dòng)釋放HMGB-1,啟動(dòng)早期炎癥應(yīng)答,及時(shí)清除異物,對(duì)損傷組織或器官起到修復(fù)作用;單核巨噬細(xì)胞等免疫細(xì)胞以及神經(jīng)元主動(dòng)分泌HMGB-1,作為促炎細(xì)胞因子樣物質(zhì),啟動(dòng)晚期炎癥應(yīng)答,在趨化因子的作用下,使更多的炎癥細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)到受損的組織,使病理?yè)p傷進(jìn)一步加重[10]。HMGB-1參與多種疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展,這些疾病包括感染性疾病、腫瘤、自身免疫性疾病、創(chuàng)傷、冠狀動(dòng)脈硬化和血管再狹窄等[11]。HMGB-1是一種獨(dú)特的晚期炎癥介質(zhì),出現(xiàn)晚,持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。右美托咪定是一種新型高選擇性?xún)H2受體激動(dòng)劑,Yang等[12]用高潮氣量通氣模式誘導(dǎo)大鼠肺損傷,當(dāng)注射10倍劑量的右美托咪定,在其病理形態(tài)、炎癥因子、血?dú)?、趨化因子等方面可顯著改善高潮氣量通氣所致肺損傷效應(yīng)。Diao等[13]通過(guò)內(nèi)毒素誘導(dǎo)或盲腸結(jié)扎及穿破腸的膿毒癥模型顯示,右美托咪定可以降低TNF-α和IL-6的濃度及膿毒癥大鼠的死亡率。α2腎上腺素能受體的激動(dòng)可以使離體巨噬細(xì)胞的吞噬能力增強(qiáng),從而可能會(huì)增加非特異性免疫系統(tǒng)的細(xì)菌清除能力[14]。Hofer等[15]研究顯示右美托咪定應(yīng)在術(shù)前給藥以達(dá)到最大抗炎效果。
本研究通過(guò)在整個(gè)手術(shù)過(guò)程中持續(xù)輸注右美托咪定,通過(guò)不同時(shí)點(diǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)經(jīng)典的炎癥因子TNF-α和HMGB-1的變化趨勢(shì), 在T2、T3、T4、T54個(gè)時(shí)點(diǎn)右美托咪定組HMGB-1均顯著低于對(duì)照組(P=0.000),同時(shí)TNF-α也顯著低于對(duì)照組(P=0.000),說(shuō)明右美托咪定組的炎癥反應(yīng)在這幾個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)輕于對(duì)照組,間接說(shuō)明右美托咪定能夠抑制CPB后的炎癥反應(yīng),減少HMGB-1的釋放,減少冠心病患者冠狀動(dòng)脈旁路移植手術(shù)圍術(shù)期的HMGB-1的含量,起到抑制HMGB-1的作用,從而抑制冠狀動(dòng)脈旁路移植術(shù)中患者的炎癥反應(yīng),避免可能發(fā)生SIRS,避免機(jī)體炎癥細(xì)胞的應(yīng)答和激活,對(duì)機(jī)體產(chǎn)生炎癥保護(hù)作用。
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(修回日期:2016-05-16)
(責(zé)任編輯:李賀瓊)
Effect of Continuous Infusion of Dexmedetomidine on HMGB-1 Expression in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
ChenShengyang*,HuJie,ZhangYongqiang*,etal.
*DepartmentofAnesthesiology,FirstAffiliatedHospitalofXinxiangMedicalUniversity,Xinxiang453100,China
HuJie,E-mail:13721624858@163.com
Objective To study the effect of dexmedetomidine on the high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1) in coronary heart disease (CHD) bypass surgery. Methods Sixty patients undergoing cardiac arrest bypass coronary artery grafting were randomly assigned into either control group (C) or treatment group (D),with 30 patients in each group. Both groups were given anesthesia induction with midazolam,sufentanil,and vecuronium,target controlled infusion of propofol and sufentanil,and intermittent injection of vecuronium. The bispectral index (BIS) was maintained in the range of 40-60. The D group was given dexmedetomidine at 0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1for anesthesia maintenance,while the C group was given same amount of normal saline. The blood pressure and heart rate were monitored at time points of after induction of anesthesia,after the skin incision,before cardiopulmonary bypass,and 1 h after operation. Blood samples (5 ml) were taken for HMGB-1 western blot testing at T1(before cardiopulmonary bypass),T2(end of cardiopulmonary bypass),T3(6 h postoperatively),T4(24 h postoperatively),and T5(48 h postoperatively),respectively. Results The D group had significantly higher blood pressure than the C group after anesthesia induction [(65.2±11.4) mm Hg vs.(52.2±13.6) mm Hg,t=-4.012,P=0.000] and significantly lower blood pressure than the C group after the skin incision [(66.1±9.3) mm Hg vs. (74.9±14.8) mm Hg,t=2.758,P=0.008]. At the time points of after induction,after skin incision,before cardiopulmonary bypass,and 1 h after operation,the D group had significantly lower heart rate than the C group [(63.7±8.0) beats/min vs. (75.6±9.4) beats/min,t=5.280,P=0.000; (59.1±7.6) beats/min vs. (81.8±9.8) beats/min,t=10.026,P=0.000; (54.6±6.1) beats/min vs. (61.6±8.5) beats/min,t=-3.665,P=0.000; (62.5±6.5) beats/min vs. (68.6±7.2) beats/min,t=3.444,P=0.001]. The optical density of HMGB-1 was significantly lower in the D group than that in the C group at T2,T3,T4and T5(1.65±0.24 vs. 2.58±0.35,t=12.003,P=0.000; 2.15±0.30 vs. 3.72±0.61,t=12.650,P=0.000; 1.82±0.20 vs. 2.53±0.39,t=8.873,P=0.000; 1.95±0.32 vs. 2.92±0.46,t=9.481,P=0.000). The optical density of TNF-α was significantly lower in the D group than that in the C group at T2,T3,T4and T5(2.04±0.32 vs. 3.08±0.41,t=10.952,P=0.000; 2.59±0.51 vs. 4.98±0.96,t=12.042,P=0.000; 1.76±0.35 vs. 2.93±0.34,t=13.133,P=0.000; 1.42±0.25 vs. 2.51±0.30,t=15.288,P=0.000). Conclusion During coronary heart disease bypass grafting,application of dexmedetomidine can decrease the level of HMGB-1 and exert functions of anti-inflammation and immune regulation,so as to effectively prevent perioperative complications and play a protection role.
Dexmedetomidine; Coronary heart disease; HMGB-1
河南省洛陽(yáng)市科技局基金項(xiàng)目(項(xiàng)目編號(hào):1503006A-2)
**通訊作者,E-mail:13721624858@163.com
①(鄭州大學(xué)附屬洛陽(yáng)中心醫(yī)院麻醉科,洛陽(yáng) 471000)
A
1009-6604(2016)07-0601-05
10.3969/j.issn.1009-6604.2016.07.007
2016-01-27)