袁 瑜,梁芬芬,鐘豪杰
(廣東藥學(xué)院附屬第一醫(yī)院 消化內(nèi)科,廣東 廣州510080)
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外周血胃蛋白酶原在萎縮性胃炎與淺表性胃炎鑒別診斷中的臨床價值
袁 瑜,梁芬芬,鐘豪杰
(廣東藥學(xué)院附屬第一醫(yī)院 消化內(nèi)科,廣東 廣州510080)
目的 明確胃蛋白酶原(PG)對慢性萎縮性胃炎及慢性淺表性胃炎鑒別診斷中的價值。 方法 2013年1月-2015年1月我院收治的慢性胃炎患者。依據(jù)胃炎種類的不同分為觀察組(慢性萎縮性胃炎,58例)及對照組(慢性淺表性胃炎,54例)。檢測兩組患者外周血PG及相關(guān)炎癥因子水平,并分析鑒別診斷價值。 結(jié)果 觀察組患者外周血PG及INF-γ水平顯著低于對照組(P<0.05),而IL-10水平顯著高于對照組(P<0.05)。觀察組患者外周血PG與INF-γ呈現(xiàn)顯著正相關(guān),而與IL-10呈現(xiàn)顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P<0.05)。ROC曲線分析顯示,以92.14 μg/L為截點(diǎn)值,PG診斷慢性萎縮性胃炎的敏感性為93.10%,特異性為88.89%,曲線下面積為0.90,優(yōu)于INF-γ及IL-10。 結(jié)論 PG在慢性淺表性胃炎及慢性萎縮性胃炎的鑒別診斷中具有一定價值。
慢性萎縮性胃炎;慢性淺表性胃炎;胃蛋白酶原;炎癥因子;診斷
(ChinJLabDiagn,2016,20:1884)
慢性萎縮性胃炎的發(fā)病機(jī)制并不十分清楚,多數(shù)患者為慢性淺表性胃炎發(fā)展而來[1],而慢性萎縮性胃炎是胃癌的獨(dú)立危險因素[2]。電子胃鏡直視下取活檢行病理學(xué)檢查是鑒別這兩種胃炎的可靠方法。但胃鏡檢查屬于有創(chuàng)操作,有胃穿孔、出血等的風(fēng)險。血胃蛋白酶原(PG)與慢性萎縮性胃炎關(guān)系密切[3]。本文分析PG在慢性萎縮性胃炎及慢性淺表性胃炎鑒別診斷中的價值。
1.1 研究對象
2013年1月-2015年1月我院收治的慢性胃炎患者。依據(jù)胃炎種類的不同分為觀察組(慢性萎縮性胃炎,58例)及對照組(慢性淺表性胃炎,54例)。胃炎的診斷及分型依據(jù)電子纖維胃鏡檢查及病理學(xué)分析,診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參考我國共識[4]。排除以下情況的患者:合并胃癌或其它組織起源的惡性腫瘤;合并胃部其它器質(zhì)性病變;合并糖尿病等嚴(yán)重代謝性疾病;合并肝腎功能障礙。觀察組男31例,女27例,平均年齡46.7±5.3歲,BMI平均22.7±1.5 kg/m2,其中有吸煙史者22例。對照組男32例,女22例,平均年齡45.9±4.9歲,BMI平均22.3±1.6 kg/m2,其中有吸煙史者24例。
1.2 方法
所以患者禁食12小時后抽取每位受試者外周血5 ml, PG、白介素-10(IL-10)、干擾素-γ(IFN-γ)、白介素-6(IL-6)及C-反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP),均采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法檢測,試劑盒購置于R&D公司(USA),按試劑盒說明書操作。
1.3 統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法
2.1 兩組血液學(xué)指標(biāo)的比較
如表1,觀察組患者外周血PG及INF-γ水平顯著低于對照組(P<0.05),而IL-10水平顯著高于對照組(P<0.05)。
表1 兩組血液學(xué)指標(biāo)的比較
2.2 觀察組PG與其它血液學(xué)指標(biāo)間的相關(guān)性分析
如圖1所示,觀察組患者外周血PG與INF-γ呈現(xiàn)顯著正相關(guān),而與IL-10呈現(xiàn)顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P<0.05)。
圖1 觀察組PG與其它血液學(xué)指標(biāo)間的相關(guān)性分析
2.3 各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)對胃炎的鑒別診斷價值分析
如表2及圖2,ROC曲線分析顯示,以92.14 μg/L為截點(diǎn)值,PG診斷慢性萎縮性胃炎的敏感性為93.10%,特異性為88.89%,曲線下面積為0.90,優(yōu)于INF-γ及IL-10。
表2 各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)對胃炎的鑒別診斷價值分析
慢性淺表性胃炎在我國的發(fā)病率較高,目前認(rèn)為與幽門螺桿菌感染、不良飲食習(xí)慣及遺傳易感等因素密切相關(guān)[5,6]。慢性萎縮性胃炎是在慢性淺表性胃炎的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展而來[7]。胃鏡檢查對其診斷具有較高的準(zhǔn)確性,但是胃鏡檢查具有創(chuàng)傷性,患者的接受程度較低,依從性差,難以作為疾病篩查及監(jiān)測常用手段[3]。慢性萎縮性胃炎的病理改變及預(yù)后與普通胃炎相比具有較大的不同?;颊呶葛つぴ陂L期反復(fù)的損傷修復(fù)過程中表現(xiàn)出萎縮狀態(tài),可使黏膜下血管暴露,并伴有固有生理功能紊亂[8],及胃酸合成及分泌功能降低。PG是胃黏膜所分泌的蛋白類物質(zhì),大部分PG進(jìn)入胃內(nèi)用以輔助消化食物,但約有1%的PG進(jìn)入血液[9,10]。因此外周血PG水平可反應(yīng)胃黏膜分泌功能,可間接反應(yīng)疾病進(jìn)展情況。
圖2 各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)對胃炎的鑒別診斷價值分析
本研究結(jié)果顯示,觀察組患者外周血PG水平顯著降低,因?yàn)槲s性胃炎主細(xì)胞和腺體數(shù)量的減少或伴有腸上皮化生是其主要病理改變,這可能是導(dǎo)致萎縮性胃炎PG分泌減少的主要因素之一[10]。同時我們發(fā)現(xiàn)觀察組患者外周血INF-γ水平顯著降低,而IL-10水平顯著升高。INF-γ是由T淋巴細(xì)胞所分泌的一種具有免疫調(diào)節(jié)及抵抗病原微生物的細(xì)胞因子[11]。INF-γ水平的降低提示萎縮性胃炎患者可能存在局部或系統(tǒng)性的免疫功能缺陷。其原因可能來源于胃黏膜結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)胞的損傷或數(shù)量降低,而淺表性胃炎則因病灶局限于黏膜表層,其黏膜下實(shí)質(zhì)細(xì)胞功能與結(jié)構(gòu)相對完整。IL-10是一種抗炎細(xì)胞因子,主要由Th2淋巴細(xì)胞所分泌,而且IL-10能夠抑制INF-γ等免疫因子的分泌[12]。同時我們還發(fā)現(xiàn),觀察組患者外周血PG水平與INF-γ呈現(xiàn)顯著正相關(guān),而與IL-10呈現(xiàn)顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。既往研究均顯示外周血PG水平降低是萎縮性胃炎的重要特征之一,且可一定程度代表疾病嚴(yán)重程度[10]。我們采用ROC曲線分析PG、INF-γ和IL-10對胃炎的鑒別診斷價值,結(jié)果顯示PG以92.14μg/L為截點(diǎn)值,診斷慢性萎縮性胃炎的敏感性達(dá)到為93.10%,特異性為88.89%,曲線下面積為0.90,優(yōu)于INF-γ及IL-10。說明外周血PG水平的檢測對診斷慢性萎縮性胃炎的診斷具有較高的敏感性和特異性,對早期診斷慢性萎縮性胃炎診斷及預(yù)防干預(yù)具有重要意義。
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The differential diagnosis value of serum pepsinogen for chronic Gastritis
YUANYu,LIANGFen-fen,ZHONGHao-jie.
(DepartmentofGastroenterology,theFirstAffiliatedHospitalofGuangdongPharmaceuticalUniversity,Guangzhou510080,China)
Objective Our study was aimed to analyze the differential diagnosis value of serum pepsinogen (PG) for chronic gastritis.Methods Clinical data of patients with chronic gastritis received treatment at our hospital from 2013 to 2015 were analyzed.Patients were divided in to different types of gastritis,Group A:Chronic atrophic gastritis,Group B:Chronic superficial gastritis.Results A total of 112 cases were analyzed,Group A 58 cases,Group B 54 cases.Group A patients had higher level of IL-10 than that of Group B patients,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Group A patients had lower levels of INF-γ and PG than these of Group B patients,the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that,for Group A patients,the levels of PG had significant positive correlation with INF-γ but significant negative correlation with IL-10 (P<0.05).ROC analysis showed that the PG cut-off point value of 92.14 μg/L,as used for the diagnosis of chronic atrophic gastritis,provided a sensitivity of 93.10%,a specificity of 88.89%,better than these of IL-10 and INF-γ.Conclusion The level of PG decreased significantly in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis,which can be used as an auxiliary diagnosis marker for differential diagnosis with chronic superficial gastritis.
Chronic atrophic gastritis;Chronic superficial gastritis;Pepsinogen;Inflammatory factor;Diagnosis
1007-4287(2016)11-1884-03
R735.2
A
袁瑜(1972-),男,副主任醫(yī)師,研究方向:消化道早期腫瘤的診斷和治療。
2016-02-18)