方超
相信大家都聽過這樣一句話:“得閱讀者得天下?!毕胍嵘喿x水平的同學(xué)去讀課外讀物吧,漸漸地你就會發(fā)現(xiàn),你的詞匯量提高了,語感也更強了,對閱讀的興趣也提高了。等你發(fā)覺自己愛上閱讀的時候,你就會驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn),你的閱讀水平已在不知不覺中提升了。200322.png
1. land v.
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. (2016年新課標全國I卷,閱讀A篇)
熟詞
Land常用作名詞,意為“陸地;土地”,或作動詞意為“登陸”。
僻義
在這句話中l(wèi)and作動詞,意為“to arrive somewhere and cause difficulties that have to be dealt with”,即“使陷于(困難);降臨;使不得不應(yīng)付”。整句話可譯為:1955年12月1號,在美國亞拉巴馬州的蒙哥馬利,拉莎·帕克斯在公交車上不愿意將座位讓給一位(白人)乘客。她這一簡單的舉動使自己陷入了牢獄之災(zāi)。
2. harvest v.
I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干細胞) in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐獻者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most. (2016年新課標全國I卷,閱讀C篇)
熟詞
Harvest常用作名詞,意為“收成;收割”。
僻義
在這句話中harvest作動詞,意為“to collect cells or tissue from sb.s body for use in medical experiments or operations”,即“采集(人體的細胞或組織,以供醫(yī)學(xué)實驗或手術(shù))”。整句話可譯為:我有42個小時去用我的小箱子運送干細胞,因為我有兩個冰袋,那是它們可以持續(xù)的時間。從干細胞由捐贈者那里采集來到被移入病人體內(nèi)的時間,我們最多一共有72個小時。
3. construction n.
Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. (2016年新課標全國I卷,閱讀D篇)
熟詞
Construction常用作名詞,意為“建筑;建設(shè)”。
僻義
在這句話中construction作名詞,意為“the way in which words, actions, statements, etc. are understand by sb.”,即“(對詞語、行為、陳述等的)理解,解釋,說明”。整句話可譯為:護士們應(yīng)該分辨清她們自己個人和文化上對沉默的理解,這樣病人的沉默才不會被過早打斷,或者在不必要的時候任由其繼續(xù)下去。
4. stand-up adj.
scene n.
Come and see Gee Whizz perform. Hes the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. (2016年新課標全國II卷,閱讀A篇)
Stand-up常用作形容詞,意為“站立的”。Scene常用作名詞,意為“場景;景色”。
僻義
在這句話中stand-up作形容詞,意為“stand-up comedian consists of one person standing in front of an audience and telling jokes”,即“(喜劇節(jié)目中的)單人表演的,單口的”。Scene作名詞,意為“a particular area of activity or way of life and the people who are part of it”,即“界,圈子,壇”。整句話可譯為:來看吉·惠茲表演吧。他是喜劇界最具幽默的單人表演喜劇演員。
5. shoot v.
Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism—if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海難), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. (2016年新課標全國II卷,閱讀D篇)
Shoot常用作動詞,意為“射擊”。
在這句話中shoot作動詞,意為“to make a film/movie or photograph of sth.”,即“拍攝,攝影”。整句話可譯為:弗蘭克·赫爾利的這些照片如果上周發(fā)表,將會很出眾,而且毫無疑問會是一流的攝影新聞報道。事實上,這些照片拍攝于1914~1916年間,大部分照片是在一次災(zāi)難性的海難之后由一位出人預(yù)料幸免于難的攝影師所拍攝的。
6. chest n.
Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship. (2016年新課標全國II卷,閱讀D篇)
Chest常用作名詞,意為“胸部;胸膛”。
在這句話中chest作名詞,意為“a large strong box that you use to store things in or to move your personal possessions from one place to another”,即“大箱子”。整句話可譯為:其中很多照片存放在一個冷藏箱里,這個冷藏箱置于冰冷的水下一艘受損的木船中。
7. passage n.
From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent. (2016年新課標全國II卷,閱讀D篇)
Passage常用作名詞,意為“文章”。
在這句話中passage作名詞,意為“a way through sth. ”,即“通路,通道”。整句話可譯為:從那時起,沙克爾頓就想乘坐狗拉的雪橇穿越大洲,闖出一條路。
8. approach v.
It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. (2016年新課標全國II卷,閱讀七選五)
Approach常用作名詞,意為“方法;途徑”。
在這句話中approach作動詞,意為“to begin to deal with a situation or problem in a particular way or with a particular attitude”,即“ (以某種方式或態(tài)度)處理,應(yīng)付”。整句話可譯為:首先要審視自己的內(nèi)心,了解自己對自然界而言是誰,以及怎樣處理園藝的步驟。
9. work out vi.
Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. (2016年新課標全國III卷,完形填空)
短語work out常用來表達“解決;算出”。
在這句話中work out意為“to do physical exercise as a way of keeping fit”,即“鍛煉;健身”。整句話可譯為:足球賽季9月份開始,整個夏天我都在鍛煉。
bench n.
That season, I broke all of Millers records while he watched the home games from the bench. (2016年新課標全國III卷,完形填空)