黃宏文 劉義飛 鐘彩虹

摘 要：該研究通過對橫跨我國中西部階梯過渡帶的中華獼猴桃野生資源的全面調(diào)查和自然雜交帶的定位研究，發(fā)掘了一大批優(yōu)異的獼猴桃野生種質(zhì)資源，克隆定位了部分果肉顏色相關(guān)的基因。在此基礎(chǔ)上，選育了國家級審定的晚熟耐貯黃肉新品種“金艷”和省級觀賞鮮食獼猴桃新品種“滿天紅”。利用收集的資源進一步開展雜交育種和實生選種，獲得了具有不同成熟期、果肉顏色及風(fēng)味的獼猴桃優(yōu)系14個，包括風(fēng)味和品質(zhì)俱佳、果實耐貯的紅肉獼猴桃新品系2個，果肉黃色或黃綠色新品系7個，高維生素C品種1個（維生素C426mg/100g）、綠肉新品系4個。該研究的實施提升了我國獼猴桃資源發(fā)掘及新品種研發(fā)水平，選育的“金艷”新品種被譽為國際獼猴桃產(chǎn)業(yè)第二代黃肉新品種的三大核心品種之一。同時，通過資源深度發(fā)掘及選育研究獲得的14個黃肉、紅肉獼猴桃優(yōu)良株系，奠定了我國未來引領(lǐng)國際獼猴桃產(chǎn)業(yè)新品種格局的重要育種材料基礎(chǔ)，對占領(lǐng)國際獼猴桃產(chǎn)業(yè)制高點具有重要意義?！敖鹌G”新品種已發(fā)展1.5萬畝規(guī)模示范，并規(guī)劃帶動周邊地區(qū)形成17.5萬畝產(chǎn)業(yè)帶，發(fā)揮了重大的社會及經(jīng)濟效益。

關(guān)鍵詞：獼猴桃 金艷 自然雜交帶 遺傳育種

Abstract：In this project， the natural hybridization of Actinidia species in wild populations have been surveyed and a lot of good germplasm have been found in wild. Based on the study of wild resources， two new cultivars of Jinyan and Mantianhong have been developed and released recently. Furthermore， 14 good germplasm with different traits such as the harvesting time， flesh color and tastes have been found that can be used for cultivar development in future. With the project conducted， the kiwifruit industry has been greatly improved due the new cultivars such as ‘Jinyan have been released. Currently， about 15 thousands acres of ‘Jinyan have been planted.

Key Words：Actinidia；Jinyan；Natural Hybrid Zone；Genetic Breeding

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