王艷芹
摘要:運(yùn)用基于密度泛函理論的第一性原理計算研究單個CO分子與含有氧空穴的二氧化鈰的(110)及(111)表面晶格氧的反應(yīng),深入探討了氧空穴對CeO2(110)及(111)表面晶格氧催化氧化CO活性的影響,提出了CO分子在二氧化鈰表面存在缺陷時與晶格氧的反應(yīng)機(jī)理。 通過計算CO分子在缺陷CeO2 (110)與(111)表面吸附的吸附能發(fā)現(xiàn),CO分子在缺陷二氧化鈰(110)與(111)的吸附與干凈表面的結(jié)果大致相同,但是與CO分子在干凈二氧化鈰(110)表面反應(yīng)的能壘相比,一部分的氧原子由于氧空穴的存在,與CO反應(yīng)的能壘降低,對CO反應(yīng)的活性增強(qiáng);在缺陷CeO2 (111)表面,晶格氧與 CO的反應(yīng)能力也有所增強(qiáng)。CO與缺陷CeO2 (110)與(111)表面的晶格氧原子反應(yīng)后,會生成一個較穩(wěn)定吸附CO2物種的中間態(tài),該物種的繼續(xù)反應(yīng)途徑有兩種:(1)與其它晶格氧反應(yīng)生成碳酸鹽;(2)直接脫附變?yōu)闅庀嗟腃O2分子。通過比較反應(yīng)能壘發(fā)現(xiàn),CO在缺陷CeO2的(110)及(111)表面生成碳酸鹽比其在干凈表面生成碳酸鹽的難度增加。另外形成中間態(tài)CO2后,由于周圍氧原子的缺少,缺陷CeO2 (110)與(111)表面上的中間態(tài)脫附形成氣相CO2分子的趨勢也比相應(yīng)的干凈表面上要強(qiáng)。綜上可以得出,當(dāng)氧空穴存在時,二氧化鈰表面晶格氧與CO的反應(yīng)更容易,但生成碳酸鹽更難。同時計算結(jié)果也表明,稀土元素特有的局域化的Ce的4f軌道/電子在通過抑制局域電子的進(jìn)一步發(fā)生來調(diào)控表面反應(yīng)的難易程度中仍然發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。
關(guān)鍵詞:二氧化鈰;氧空穴;CO催化氧化;局域電子
A DFT + U study of CO oxidation at CeO2(110) and (111) surfaces with oxygen vacancies
Abstract:Density functional theory calculations corrected by on-site Coulomb interaction have been conducted to illuminate the effect of O vacancies on the surface reactivities toward direct CO oxidation at CeO2(110) and (111). CO adsorption at and further reaction with various surface O at the vacancy were systematically calculated, and extensive geometric and electronic analyses were also performed to understand the calculation results. It has been shown that though the existence of O vacancy can reduce the activities of neighboring O as the barriers of elementary steps are generally higher than those at stoichiometric surfaces, the relative preference for CO2 desorption is also increased due to the missing of nearby O for carbonate formation. Moreover, our calculation results also showed that the characteristic localized 4f orbitals/electrons of Ce still play the key role in determining the surface reactivities as the vacancy induced localized electrons can hinder their further occurrence and the corresponding reactions.
Keywords:Cerium dioxide; Oxygen vacancy; CO oxidation; Electron localization
閱讀全文鏈接(需實名注冊):http://www.nstrs.cn/xiangxiBG.aspx?id=49739&flag=1