河北 魏 偉

七選五型閱讀理解專項訓(xùn)練

河北 魏 偉

七選五型閱讀理解是高考英語中占一定比重的重要題型，其中有一種文章結(jié)構(gòu)比較常見，即總分結(jié)構(gòu)。在這類文章中第一部分往往是第一段，是文章的主旨所在，并且往往在第一部分中提出問題或總括事件。文章后半部分往往分條敘述，并且也是以總分的結(jié)構(gòu)，用一句話來說明主旨，下面再具體敘述。以下幾篇就是這樣的文章。

Passage 1

Iv’e always wanted to start my own business.Iv’e always wanted to start working for myself.Yet I didnt’ make that decision.I finally got started instead of thinking about it or putting it off.And I made it.Maybe youv’e not started on something important to yourself.Maybe you can relate to what Im’ saying，and you feel youv’e been slacking（松懈的）off for too long.You had better get started now.1

1.It’s better than thinking about it.

2 But thinking can also be dangerous when you do too much of it.You can think as much as you like，but thinking isnt’ going to change the situation.In fact，thinking isnt’going to change anything.3 You wont’ go anywhere，as if your’e a human statue.So you had better get started now.

2.It’s better than never taking action.

Do you want to be the man or the woman who never does anything? Do you want to be the man or the woman who never gets started?4 You won’t regret it.

3.5

How long are you going to dream about getting started? How long are you going to dream about how wonderful itl’l be when you do take action? And how long are you going to dream about how much of a difference itl’l make to your life? Theres’ only so much dreaming you can do before you have to turn that dream into action.A dream without action is a fantasy，destined（注定）to never come true.

A.It’s better than dreaming about doing it.

B.Heres’ why getting started is the best way to get started.

C.Thinking will just keep you in the same position your’e already in.

D.Take action and get out of your own head.

E.You can adjust your actions along the way.

F.Thinking about something before you do it is a great quality to have.

G.Its’ better to make a mistake than do nothing at all.

Passage 2

There’s a saying that“ confidence leads to success.”But does it?1 Confidence can play a big role in the workplace，in relationships，and even in your health.2

1. Give yourself a quick confidence by a “power pose.”

Did you know that something as simple as giving a powerful，confident pose can trick your brain into actually feeling more confident? Well，it can.Try this： Next time you’re feeling nervous about something—like a job interview，for example—try taking a couple minutes right before and adopting this pose：3 Studies have shown that this pose can lead to a short-term increase in confidence and reduction in stress.

2.Convince yourself you have the ability to improve.

Now，this sounds like one of those“ easier said than done” type suggestions，but its’ actually not.Think about the things in your life you cant’ change and those you can.You cant’ change your eye color or your height，for example.4 What youl’l find is that there are very few things in life truly set in stone.We all have our own limitations，but as long as we can remind ourselves that wer’e not stuck，we have incentive（動力）to stay motivated.

3.5

Your’e going to fail，and thats’ a given.What matters much more than whether or not you fail is how you react to that failure.Do you get up? Do you come up with a new way，and try again? If we can learn to fail，we can learn to succeed.

A.Fail.Get up.Try again.Repeat.

B.Stand straight up，push your shoulders back and chest out.

C.So let’s take a look at how to get it.

D.With training，that’s possible，too.

E.Science actually proves it is true.

F.But you can change your physical strength through training.

G.But there are not proven methods to improve it.

Passage 3

Youd’ think the human race would have understood sleeping very well by now，but many of us are still sleeping poorly.Part of the problem is that we have wrong informationand beliefs about this important health need.Lets’ set the facts straight.1

1.More sleep is better for you.

There could be such a thing as too much sleep.The amount of sleep we need varies by person and also changes as we age.Harvard researchers found that a lot of sleep（ 9 hours or more）is linked with poor sleep quality.2 Aim for better sleep.

2.3

Alcohol can help most people fall asleep.However，it also can cause you to wake up more during the night，decreasing your sleep quality.Consider drinking non-alcoholic drink before bed instead.

3.If you wake up in the middle of the night，lie in bed until you eventually fall back asleep.

4 We all hope to quickly fall back asleep.So we tend to stay in bed hoping itl’l happen at any minute now.If that doesnt’ happen，though，within 15 minutes，most experts recommend getting out of bed to do something that occupies our bodies and brains without over stimulating us.Try not to check the clock either.

4.You can catch up on sleep on weekends.

When we lose sleep during the week，we accumulate a kind of sleep“ debt”.5 Not so fast.This might actually make you sleepier the next week.Instead of waking up later on the weekends，youd’ better go to sleep earlier or perhaps take a nap in the afternoon.

A.Alcohol helps you sleep.

B.Here are some things you might have been told about sleeping but aren’t completely true.

C.Everyone should get 7～8 hours of sleep per night.

D.So dont’ aim for more sleep—even on the weekends.

E.Waking up in the middle of the night is the pits（ 煩心事），but it happens to all of us.

F.Youl’l have a better day and perhaps sleep better at night.

G.Can you pay that debt back by sleeping on Saturday or Sunday?

【參考答案與解析】

Passage 1

【文章大意】文章作者從自身的創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷得出結(jié)論，即：立即行動是開始的最好方式，并且用三個理由來證明，分別是立即行動優(yōu)于單純思考，開始行動優(yōu)于永遠(yuǎn)不行動，開始行動優(yōu)于白日做夢。

1.B。考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。作者從自身的創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷得出結(jié)論：一定要立即行動，下面三點分別說明為什么要立即行動。此空起承上啟下的作用，故選B項。

2.F。考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段標(biāo)題是立即行動優(yōu)于單純思考，開頭從思考方面著手，先說明行動之前思考的好處，隨后轉(zhuǎn)折說明思考太多也有壞處，故選F項。

3.C?？疾閷ι舷挛牡睦斫夂屯评砼袛嗄芰Α８鶕?jù)下文提到的“單純思考會使你像個雕像那樣哪兒也去不了”可知，此處提到的應(yīng)是單純思考只會使你保持不動，故選C項。

4.D?？疾閷ι舷挛牡睦斫夂屯评砼袛嗄芰?。根據(jù)段落小標(biāo)題“It’s better than never taking action”可知應(yīng)是討論采取行動，D選項中含有“Take action”，與小標(biāo)題相呼應(yīng)，故選D項。

5.A?？疾閷ι舷挛牡睦斫夂涂偨Y(jié)能力。根據(jù)下文對夢想的描述可知，小標(biāo)題應(yīng)是夢想和采取行動的關(guān)系，故選A項。

Passage 2

【文章大意】文章從三個方面來描述如何增強一個人的自信心。

1.E?？崭袂笆且粋€問句，即人們經(jīng)常說的“自信使人走向成功”是真的嗎?后面是對問句的回答，即科學(xué)證明這種說法是真的。故選E項。

2.C?？崭裉幨且粋€承上啟下的句子，讓我們看看如何增強自信心，而下文是分條敘述，故選C項。

3.B。根據(jù)上文“taking a couple minutes right before and adopting this pose（花費幾分鐘的時間去采取這種姿勢）”可知，空格處是描述具體的姿勢的，故選B項。

4.F。根據(jù)上文提到的在生活中有些事情你不能改變，而有些你能改變，緊接著舉例提出一些不能改變的，所以后面空格處應(yīng)敘述你能改變的，故選F項。

5.A。下文是對空格處的解釋說明，空格處是總結(jié)，這一部分是在說失敗后繼續(xù)努力你就會成功。故選A項。

Passage 3

【文章大意】本文講述了關(guān)于睡眠的四個誤區(qū)。

1.B。空格處是對下文的一個總述，即有一些你被告知的關(guān)于睡眠的事情不完全是正確的，下文是分條敘述這些關(guān)于睡眠的誤區(qū)。故選B項。

2.D。本段提到的一個睡眠誤區(qū)是睡得越多越好，空格前提到哈佛研究專家發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠多和睡眠質(zhì)量差有關(guān)，所以不要注重睡太多，應(yīng)注重睡眠質(zhì)量，故選D項。

3.A?？崭裉幨菍ο挛牡木C述，下文講述的是關(guān)于喝酒有助于睡眠這一無趣的解釋，故選A項。

4.E。本段標(biāo)題提及的是半夜醒來人們怎么做，所以后文應(yīng)介紹人們半夜醒來的反應(yīng)，故選E項。

5.G。后文是一個回答，前文應(yīng)是一個問句。故選G項，句意為“我們可以通過周末睡覺來彌補以前的損失嗎？”

（作者單位：河北省衡水市阜城中學(xué)）