【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】
知識(shí)與技能:
1.對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句基本概念的理解。
2.掌握關(guān)系代詞的基本用法。
3.學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句。
過(guò)程與方法:
1.通過(guò)猜詞游戲復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句的基本概念。
2.通過(guò)小組競(jìng)賽的方式增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,準(zhǔn)確掌握高考考點(diǎn)。
3.通過(guò)習(xí)題的處理,使學(xué)生自己歸納做題規(guī)律。
情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀(guān):
1.激發(fā)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)興趣。
2.使學(xué)生養(yǎng)成求真求實(shí),不斷進(jìn)取的科學(xué)態(tài)度。
【教學(xué)重點(diǎn)】
1.只用that或which的情況。
2.介詞+關(guān)系代詞。
3.whose的用法及轉(zhuǎn)換。
4.as和which的區(qū)別。
【教學(xué)難點(diǎn)】
1.介詞+關(guān)系代詞中介詞的選擇。
⒉ 定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致問(wèn)題。
【教學(xué)方法】
1.活動(dòng)教學(xué)法。
2.游戲教學(xué)法。
3.講授法。
4.練習(xí)法。
【教學(xué)過(guò)程】
一、導(dǎo)入:(4mins)
通過(guò)三組猜人猜物游戲引出定語(yǔ)從句的基本概念,結(jié)合初中所學(xué)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句的基本用法。要求學(xué)生用簡(jiǎn)單的定語(yǔ)從句描述出班級(jí)里面的同學(xué)或物品,讓其他同學(xué)來(lái)猜。學(xué)生們非常高興,也非常積極地回答相關(guān)問(wèn)題。課堂氣氛很好,也達(dá)到了調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)積極性,同時(shí)引入這節(jié)課的課題的目的。
e.g.She is a girl who wears white sweater today.
e.g.He is a boy whose math is the best in our class.
二、定語(yǔ)從句定義及分類(lèi):(5mins)
1.定語(yǔ)從句:在復(fù)合句中,修飾某個(gè)名詞或代詞的句子(做這個(gè)名詞或代詞的定語(yǔ))叫定語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句一般放在被修飾的名詞或代詞后面,
2.先行詞:被修飾的名詞或代詞叫做定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞。
3.關(guān)系詞:用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫做關(guān)系詞。
4.關(guān)系代詞的種類(lèi):關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whose, whom,as
關(guān)系副詞:when, where, why
5.定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu):先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語(yǔ)從句。
6.定語(yǔ)從句分類(lèi):
①限定性定語(yǔ)從句:從句對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行必要的描述或說(shuō)明,對(duì)先行詞起修飾限定 作用,從句與先行詞緊密相連缺少它,則句義顯得不完整,一般不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
②非限定性定語(yǔ)從句:對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,解釋?zhuān)c先行詞關(guān)系松散,用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
三、關(guān)系代詞的用法(8mins)
1. who:指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),口語(yǔ)中可做賓語(yǔ);e.g. The man who is sitting under the tree is a German .
The students who speaks German best comes from China .
The man who (that ) you want to see is here .
2. Whom:指人,在句中做賓語(yǔ),可省略,但在做介詞的賓語(yǔ)是只能用whom,不 能用who.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)不能省略。
e.g. The man (whom) you look for has left .
I know the girl (whom) the teacher is speaking to .
I know the girl to whom the teacher is speaking .
3. whose,:作定語(yǔ),可指人或物
e.g. Everyone helps the child whose parents are dead.
They are the lazy students whose homework wasn‘t handed in .
4.that:指人或物,多指物,作主語(yǔ)(不能省略)或賓語(yǔ)(可省略)e.g. He is the finest comrade that has helped us .
This is a plant that grows in the north .
5. which :指物,在句中做主語(yǔ)(不能省略),或賓語(yǔ)(可省略)。e.g. This is a plant which grows in the north .
四、常用that不用which的情況只能that用做關(guān)系代詞的情況(10mins)
1.當(dāng)先行詞是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代詞時(shí),只用that。
e.g.Pay attention to everything that I do.
2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),只用that。
e.g.This is the best novel (that) have read.
3.如果出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的先行詞,并同時(shí)兼指人和物時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that。e.g.They were talking about the person and things that they remembered in school.
4.當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the last, the way, the same等等修飾時(shí)。e.g.This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.
5.在疑問(wèn)詞which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句中為了避免重復(fù)只用that
e.g.Which of the students that knows something about history.
6. 當(dāng)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時(shí),只用that。
e.g.He has little time that he can spare.
五、用which,不用that的情況(5mins)
①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
e.g. Football, which is an interesting game, is played all over the world.
Carol said the work would be done by October, which personally doubt 、very much.
Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, which ,of course, made the others unhappy.
②直接放在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)。
e.g.Language is the most important tool without which people can't communicate with each other。
六、as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句(5mins)
such ….as和the same…as的用法
such ….as:像….一樣的,像…..之類(lèi);the same…as:和…..同樣的在這兩個(gè)句型中,as是關(guān)系代詞,such和same 作定語(yǔ),修飾主語(yǔ)里的某個(gè)名詞(或代詞),這個(gè)名詞是由as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞,as在從句中可擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。
e.g.We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
I seldom give my students such a difficult problem as they cannot work out.
The result is not the same as they had expected.
重點(diǎn)比較:
the same …as…和the same …that…
the same…as…:相同(代指同類(lèi)事物);the same …that…:和….相同(代指同一事物)兩者都引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。as 從句中說(shuō)明的名詞與the same 修飾的名詞是同一類(lèi),而非同一個(gè)。that從句中說(shuō)明的名詞與the same 修飾的名詞是同一個(gè)。
e.g.He is reading the same book that you bought yesterday.
He is reading the same book as you bought yesterday.
This is the same pen that I lost. =This is the pen that I lost.(指同一支筆)
This is the same (kind/type/sort) of pen as I lost.(指同類(lèi)型的筆,但并不是我丟失的那一支)
….such as …的用法such as …中的
such為代詞,意思是“這樣的人或物”as 在從句中作賓語(yǔ),修飾先行詞such。
e.g.This book is not such as I expect.
He told me of his experience such as I had never had before.
七、as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(4mins)
as 可以像which一樣引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,用來(lái)代表整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容,它的先行詞可以是名詞,也可以是不定式短語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子。as 在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。此外,有些as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句已成為固定用法,如:
As we know,
As has been said before
As is known to all
As is often the case
As is reported
e.g.She is very careful, as her work shows.
As we know, smoking is harmful to one‘s health.
As is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
八、as 和which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別(4mins)
as 和which 都可以代替整個(gè)句子,當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句置于主句之后時(shí),as和which 可以和互換
e.g He didn‘t tell me any news, as/which upset me.
Which引導(dǎo)的從句,代表的前面的整個(gè)主句時(shí),不能放在主句之前。而as 引 導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,代表整個(gè)主句時(shí),可以放在主句之前或之后,有時(shí)也可以放在主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間。
E.g.As is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making
progress.
Talks between the two countries, as is reported in the newspapers, are making
progress.
板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì):
定語(yǔ)從句基本概念
關(guān)系代詞:who,whom,whose,which,that,as
That 和which 的區(qū)別
As和which 的區(qū)別
課后反思:
利用多媒體制作課件,增大了課堂容量,加大了練習(xí)的力度。也加快了課堂的節(jié)奏。明確任務(wù)目標(biāo),站在學(xué)生角度,精心設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)任務(wù),提高學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的積極性,為學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)英語(yǔ)交際環(huán)境。整堂課師生,生生互動(dòng)性強(qiáng),在自主、互動(dòng)、探究的方式中展開(kāi)課堂教學(xué)。并且引導(dǎo)學(xué)生重視所學(xué)的知識(shí)的語(yǔ)用功能。課堂氣氛活躍,學(xué)生踴躍參加活動(dòng)并取得了良好的效果。