黃超群等
1 引 言
三氯蔗糖,又名蔗糖素,屬于紫外末端吸收化合物,極易溶于水,甜度為蔗糖的600倍,且甜味純正,甜味特性曲線幾乎與蔗糖重疊。它是以蔗糖等為原料經(jīng)脫氧、氯化衍生而得到的半天然半合成產(chǎn)品,屬非營養(yǎng)型強力甜味劑,在人體內(nèi)幾乎不被吸收,熱量值為零。1990年聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織和世界衛(wèi)生組織(FAO/WHO)的食品添加劑專業(yè)委員(JECFA)認(rèn)定其每日允許攝入量(ADL)值為15 mg/kg,即每天允許攝入量為0~15 mg/kg 體重。若超量食用,仍可能引起各種形式的毒性表現(xiàn)。因此必須加強對三氯蔗糖的含量控制,發(fā)揮其有利作用,防止不利影響。目前,對于食品中三氯蔗糖的檢測主要采用液相色譜示差折光法[ 1]、液相色譜蒸發(fā)光散射法[ 2]、離子色譜法[ 3]、液相色譜質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用法[ 4]等。電噴霧式檢測器(CAD),作為一種新型通用型檢測器,對紫外末端吸收的化合物靈敏度相對較高,已被應(yīng)用于膽汁酸[ 5]、葡萄糖、果糖[ 6]等的測定。因此,本研究采用高靈敏度及重現(xiàn)性的電噴霧式檢測器測定飲料中三氯蔗糖。同時,在實驗中采用柱后補償技術(shù)進(jìn)行有機相補償,提高了霧化效率,增加了響應(yīng)值,降低檢出限。相比GB/T 222552008[ 2]的蒸發(fā)光散射法的定量限14 mg/kg,本方法將兩項技術(shù)結(jié)合,其靈敏度更高,方法定量限達(dá)到1.0 mg/L。飲料樣品經(jīng)過簡單過濾后,可以直接進(jìn)樣分析,無溶劑干擾,基線漂移較少。本方法操作簡便、準(zhǔn)確度高,完全能滿足飲料中三氯蔗糖含量的測定。
2 實驗部分
2.1 儀器與試劑 Ultimate DGP3600高效液相色譜儀,配有雙三元梯度泵和電霧式檢測器(美國 Thermofisher公司);超聲波清洗儀(昆山超聲儀器廠)。三氯蔗糖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品(純度>97%,美國Supelco公司);乙腈(HPLC級,美國Merck公司)。
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液:稱取適量三氯蔗糖,用水溶解,配制成1000 mg/L標(biāo)準(zhǔn)儲備液。用水稀釋成濃度為1.0, 5.0, 10, 20和50 mg/L的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作溶液,于4 ℃避光保存。
2.2 樣品前處理 取適量樣品,經(jīng)超聲脫氣,過濾,供液相色譜檢測。實際檢測樣品為市售某品牌可樂、功能型飲料及植物型飲料。
2.3 色譜條件 Accucore C18色譜柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,2.6 μm); 分析泵的流動相:水(A)乙腈(B),梯度洗脫:0~6.00 min,10%~30% B;6.01~10.00 min,30%~50% B; 10.00~15.00 min,50% B。補償泵的流動相:乙腈。流速: 分析泵0.3 mL/min,補償泵0.7 mL/min。進(jìn)樣體積:10 μL; 柱溫箱:25 ℃。補償泵流動相與分析泵流動相在色譜柱后三通相接, 混合后進(jìn)入電霧式檢測器進(jìn)行定量分析。采集頻率: 5 Hz; 過濾參數(shù): 3.6; 干燥溫度35 ℃; PFV值為1.2。
3 結(jié)果與討論
3.1 柱后補償分析 電霧式檢測器的響應(yīng)值較依賴于液相色譜洗脫液的霧化效率。一般通過增加有機相比例,可以提高霧化效率,從而增加響應(yīng)值,降低檢出限。因此,本研究將雙三元高效液相色譜儀中的一套泵系統(tǒng)設(shè)置為補償泵系統(tǒng),流動相為100% 乙腈。結(jié)果表明,與不加補償方法相比,增加有機相補償后,峰高響應(yīng)值增加約30%(見圖1)。
3.2 電霧式檢測器參數(shù)優(yōu)化 電霧式檢測器的原理及智能化設(shè)計,無需對多種參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,本實驗僅對霧化干燥溫度和采集頻率進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。當(dāng)霧化溫度分別為25, 35和50 ℃,目標(biāo)化合物響應(yīng)值略有增加,但基線噪音也隨之增加。綜合考慮, 霧化溫度盡量與柱溫相近,實驗選擇35 ℃作為霧化溫度; 同時,對采集頻率(2, 5和10 Hz)進(jìn)行考察,同紫外檢測器一樣,采集頻率增加,基線噪音 更明顯,數(shù)據(jù)量也較大增加,在滿足三氯蔗糖檢測條件下,選擇5 Hz作為檢測器采集頻率。
3.3 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線, 檢出限和回收率 取所配制的系列標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作溶液,在2.3節(jié)色譜條件下測定,所得標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品譜圖見圖1,三氯蔗糖保留時間為5.88 min。以三氯蔗糖峰面積Y(pA min)與其對應(yīng)的濃度x(mg/L)進(jìn)行線性回歸分析,線性方程為y=0.1412x-0.0614,相關(guān)系數(shù)r=0.9998。按信噪比S/N>10作為方法的定量限,飲料中三氯蔗糖的定量限為1.0 mg/L。相比蒸發(fā)光散射法的定量限[ 2],有很大的降低。
3.3 回收率 在3份空白樣品,分別加入5.0, 10.0和15.0 mg/L的三氯蔗糖溶液1.0 mL,做標(biāo)準(zhǔn)加入回收實驗。 結(jié)果表明,空白樣品加標(biāo)回收率在97.6%~112.1%之間。
3.4 樣品分析 取市售某品牌可樂、植物飲料、功能飲料樣品,經(jīng)超聲脫氣后,過濾,進(jìn)樣。檢測結(jié)果表明,某功能飲料中三氯蔗糖含量為68.4 mg/L。功能飲料的色譜圖見圖2。
References
1 MA SiNa, DENG Ken. Modern Food Science and Technology, 2009, 25(8): 982-984
馬思娜, 鄧 墾. 現(xiàn)代食品科技, 2009, 25(8): 982-984
2 GB/T 222552008, Determination of Sucralose in Foods . National Standards of the People′s Republic of China.
食品中三氯蔗糖(蔗糖素)的測定. 中華人民共和國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn). GB/T 222552008
3 LIN Li, WANG LinLin, QIAN Cong. China Food Additives, 2013, 5: 214-218
林 立, 王琳琳, 錢 聰. 中國食品添加劑, 2013, 5: 214-218
4 ZHOU LiLi, YANG Ying, LIU YanMing. Journal of Instrumental Analysis, 2011, 30(10): 1175-1178
周莉莉, 楊穎, 劉艷明. 分析測試學(xué)報, 2011, 30(10): 1175-1178
5 WANG YiBo, WANG ChunYu, QU FanNa, ZHANG LiYing, LIANG LiNa, YU YanHai, PAN YuanYuan. Chinese J. Anal. Chem., 2014, 42(1): 109-112
王一博, 王春雨, 曲范娜, 張麗英, 梁麗娜, 余彥海, 潘媛媛. 分析化學(xué), 2014, 42(1): 109-112
6 Grembecka M, Lebiedzinska A, Szefer P. Microchemical Journal, 2014, 117: 77-82
7 LI Geng, REN ZhiLin, DAI Jie, ZHANG RongWen, ZHAO Ya, LAI XiaoPing. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials, 2013, 36(1): 73-75
李 耿, 任志麟, 戴 潔, 張榕文, 趙 亞, 賴小平. 中藥材, 2013, 36(1): 73-75
Determination of Sucralose with PostColumn Compensation
and Liquid ChromatographyCharged Aerosol
Detection Technique in Beverage
HUANG ChaoQun*1, LIU LüYe2, L ChunHua1, LOU ChengJie1, JIN Yan2
1(Zhejiang Academy of Science and Technology for Inspection and Quarantine, Hangzhou 310016, China)
2(Thermofisher Scientific Corporation, Shanghai 201203, China)
Abstract A method was developed for the determination of sucralose in soft drink by liquid chromatography (LC) tandem a charged aerosol detector(CAD) with post column compensation. The results showed that the linearity was good and the correlation coefficient was above 0.999. The limit of quantitation of the method was 1.0 mg/L, and the recoveries of spiked samples were 97.6%-112%. The method was simple and accurate, and can be used for the determination of sucralose in soft drink.
Keywords Sucralose; Post column compensation; High performance liquid chromatography; Charged aerosol detection; Beverage
(Received 31 August 2014; accepted 10 October 2014)
林 立, 王琳琳, 錢 聰. 中國食品添加劑, 2013, 5: 214-218
4 ZHOU LiLi, YANG Ying, LIU YanMing. Journal of Instrumental Analysis, 2011, 30(10): 1175-1178
周莉莉, 楊穎, 劉艷明. 分析測試學(xué)報, 2011, 30(10): 1175-1178
5 WANG YiBo, WANG ChunYu, QU FanNa, ZHANG LiYing, LIANG LiNa, YU YanHai, PAN YuanYuan. Chinese J. Anal. Chem., 2014, 42(1): 109-112
王一博, 王春雨, 曲范娜, 張麗英, 梁麗娜, 余彥海, 潘媛媛. 分析化學(xué), 2014, 42(1): 109-112
6 Grembecka M, Lebiedzinska A, Szefer P. Microchemical Journal, 2014, 117: 77-82
7 LI Geng, REN ZhiLin, DAI Jie, ZHANG RongWen, ZHAO Ya, LAI XiaoPing. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials, 2013, 36(1): 73-75
李 耿, 任志麟, 戴 潔, 張榕文, 趙 亞, 賴小平. 中藥材, 2013, 36(1): 73-75
Determination of Sucralose with PostColumn Compensation
and Liquid ChromatographyCharged Aerosol
Detection Technique in Beverage
HUANG ChaoQun*1, LIU LüYe2, L ChunHua1, LOU ChengJie1, JIN Yan2
1(Zhejiang Academy of Science and Technology for Inspection and Quarantine, Hangzhou 310016, China)
2(Thermofisher Scientific Corporation, Shanghai 201203, China)
Abstract A method was developed for the determination of sucralose in soft drink by liquid chromatography (LC) tandem a charged aerosol detector(CAD) with post column compensation. The results showed that the linearity was good and the correlation coefficient was above 0.999. The limit of quantitation of the method was 1.0 mg/L, and the recoveries of spiked samples were 97.6%-112%. The method was simple and accurate, and can be used for the determination of sucralose in soft drink.
Keywords Sucralose; Post column compensation; High performance liquid chromatography; Charged aerosol detection; Beverage
(Received 31 August 2014; accepted 10 October 2014)
林 立, 王琳琳, 錢 聰. 中國食品添加劑, 2013, 5: 214-218
4 ZHOU LiLi, YANG Ying, LIU YanMing. Journal of Instrumental Analysis, 2011, 30(10): 1175-1178
周莉莉, 楊穎, 劉艷明. 分析測試學(xué)報, 2011, 30(10): 1175-1178
5 WANG YiBo, WANG ChunYu, QU FanNa, ZHANG LiYing, LIANG LiNa, YU YanHai, PAN YuanYuan. Chinese J. Anal. Chem., 2014, 42(1): 109-112
王一博, 王春雨, 曲范娜, 張麗英, 梁麗娜, 余彥海, 潘媛媛. 分析化學(xué), 2014, 42(1): 109-112
6 Grembecka M, Lebiedzinska A, Szefer P. Microchemical Journal, 2014, 117: 77-82
7 LI Geng, REN ZhiLin, DAI Jie, ZHANG RongWen, ZHAO Ya, LAI XiaoPing. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials, 2013, 36(1): 73-75
李 耿, 任志麟, 戴 潔, 張榕文, 趙 亞, 賴小平. 中藥材, 2013, 36(1): 73-75
Determination of Sucralose with PostColumn Compensation
and Liquid ChromatographyCharged Aerosol
Detection Technique in Beverage
HUANG ChaoQun*1, LIU LüYe2, L ChunHua1, LOU ChengJie1, JIN Yan2
1(Zhejiang Academy of Science and Technology for Inspection and Quarantine, Hangzhou 310016, China)
2(Thermofisher Scientific Corporation, Shanghai 201203, China)
Abstract A method was developed for the determination of sucralose in soft drink by liquid chromatography (LC) tandem a charged aerosol detector(CAD) with post column compensation. The results showed that the linearity was good and the correlation coefficient was above 0.999. The limit of quantitation of the method was 1.0 mg/L, and the recoveries of spiked samples were 97.6%-112%. The method was simple and accurate, and can be used for the determination of sucralose in soft drink.
Keywords Sucralose; Post column compensation; High performance liquid chromatography; Charged aerosol detection; Beverage
(Received 31 August 2014; accepted 10 October 2014)