姚 一

（青島大學(xué) 公共管理學(xué)院，山東 青島 266071）

What is “venture philanthropy” and does it actually differ from charitable giving,as we’ve known it?Is it simply a new generation of individuals who are engaged in philanthropic efforts?And what is meant by “social entrepreneurship,” and what is its attraction to current philanthropists? “Venture Philanthropy,” “social venture philanthropy,”“the new philanthropy,” “social venturing,” and other terms abound in today’s discussions,particularly among professionals involved in the high-tech,venture capital and foundation worlds.[1]

Venture Philanthropy Partners,together with Community Wealth Ventures,published areportin 2004 called “High-Engagement Philanthropy：A Bridge to a More Effective Social Sector,” profiling the relationships between funders and organizations they support.

1 Principle

Perhaps the first principle of venture philanthropy is that there are no universal rules.Venture philanthropy has its roots in the worlds of business and finance,[2]where success depends on the ability to spot the opportunity that others have overlooked.Each situation is unique and must be approached without preconceived solutions.

2 Encourage flexibility and mid-course adjustments

It is fundamental to the discovery process that new results suggest new directions for investigation.Use of funds in exploration of promising new leads should not be delayed by requirements for review and approval.Encourage and reward game-changing hypothesesand innovative new research methods：large institutional and government funding programs are well-suited to opportunity advances that ultimately constitute the vital aspects of philanthropy progress.

3 Streamline the funding application process

Time is money.Traditional grant applications can be hundreds of pages long and their preparation often consumes an unjustifiable amount of researchers’time.A cogent research plan can be evaluated in five pages or less.Thus,our applications are strictly limited to a five page maximum.

4 Demand information sharing an encourage collaboration

The tradition process of peer review and publication while fulfilling an absolutely vital role in scientific process can impede the free information and slow progress toward vital new discoveries.And actively recruit the best and brightest bung minds into the field：talented young people must be attracted to a field of search early in their careers when they are making choices that typically last a lifetime.

［1］Group,C.A.E.N.Fox Foundation Moves Beyond Venture Philanthropy[J].2012,90(45)：17-17.

［2］Simons,J.Venture Philanthropy Bets On Risky Projects[J].2009，29(17)：58-59.