李建川

There be 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中的一種特殊的句式。

一、意義

There be 表示在某地或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)有（存在）某人某物。

二、句型結(jié)構(gòu)

There be +名詞 +介詞短語(yǔ)

在There be 中，名詞作主語(yǔ)，因?yàn)槊~都是三人稱，所以be的變化只有is 和are 。并根據(jù)就近原則，第一個(gè)名詞是單數(shù)，用is，是復(fù)數(shù)，用are。

例如：There is a pen on the desk.

書(shū)桌上有一只鋼筆

There are some birds in the sky.

天空中有一些鳥(niǎo)兒。

There is an apple， two oranges， three pears on the table.

桌子上有一個(gè)蘋(píng)果、兩個(gè)橘子和三個(gè)梨。

There are 45 students and a teacher in the classroom.

教室里有45個(gè)學(xué)生和一個(gè)老師。

三、時(shí)態(tài)

there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)態(tài)都是be由來(lái)變化。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：there is / are + 名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There is some water in the glass.

杯子里有一些水。

There are many people on the playground.

操場(chǎng)上有很多人。

一般過(guò)去時(shí)：there was / were +名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There was a heavy rain yesterday in Beijing.

昨天北京下了一場(chǎng)大雨。

There were three basketball games in our school yesterday.

昨天我們學(xué)校有三場(chǎng)籃球賽。

一般將來(lái)時(shí)：there will be + 名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

there is / are going to be + 名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There will be 2000 students in our school next year.

明年我們學(xué)校將有2000學(xué)生。

There is going to be a strong wind tomorrow.

明天將有一場(chǎng)大風(fēng)。

There are going to be many new buildings in our hometown in ten years.

10年后我們家鄉(xiāng)將有許多新建筑物。

四、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的there be 句型

there + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be +名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There must be someone in the next room.

隔壁一定有人。

五、疑問(wèn)句和否定句

疑問(wèn)句就是把be動(dòng)詞放在there前面，否定句在be后加not。

Are there any boys in the room？

Yes， there are. No， there arent.

Is there any food in the fridge？

Yes， there is. No， there isnt.

There isnt any water in the glass.

There arent any people in the room.

六、there be +名詞 + doing + 介詞短語(yǔ)表示某地有某人或某物正在做……

There are some boys playing basketball on the playground.

操場(chǎng)上有一些男孩正在打球。

There are two birds flying in the sky.

天空中有兩只鳥(niǎo)兒正在飛。

（作者單位 四川省劍閣縣鶴齡中學(xué)）endprint

There be 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中的一種特殊的句式。

一、意義

There be 表示在某地或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)有（存在）某人某物。

二、句型結(jié)構(gòu)

There be +名詞 +介詞短語(yǔ)

在There be 中，名詞作主語(yǔ)，因?yàn)槊~都是三人稱，所以be的變化只有is 和are 。并根據(jù)就近原則，第一個(gè)名詞是單數(shù)，用is，是復(fù)數(shù)，用are。

例如：There is a pen on the desk.

書(shū)桌上有一只鋼筆

There are some birds in the sky.

天空中有一些鳥(niǎo)兒。

There is an apple， two oranges， three pears on the table.

桌子上有一個(gè)蘋(píng)果、兩個(gè)橘子和三個(gè)梨。

There are 45 students and a teacher in the classroom.

教室里有45個(gè)學(xué)生和一個(gè)老師。

三、時(shí)態(tài)

there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)態(tài)都是be由來(lái)變化。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：there is / are + 名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There is some water in the glass.

杯子里有一些水。

There are many people on the playground.

操場(chǎng)上有很多人。

一般過(guò)去時(shí)：there was / were +名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There was a heavy rain yesterday in Beijing.

昨天北京下了一場(chǎng)大雨。

There were three basketball games in our school yesterday.

昨天我們學(xué)校有三場(chǎng)籃球賽。

一般將來(lái)時(shí)：there will be + 名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

there is / are going to be + 名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There will be 2000 students in our school next year.

明年我們學(xué)校將有2000學(xué)生。

There is going to be a strong wind tomorrow.

明天將有一場(chǎng)大風(fēng)。

There are going to be many new buildings in our hometown in ten years.

10年后我們家鄉(xiāng)將有許多新建筑物。

四、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的there be 句型

there + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be +名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There must be someone in the next room.

隔壁一定有人。

五、疑問(wèn)句和否定句

疑問(wèn)句就是把be動(dòng)詞放在there前面，否定句在be后加not。

Are there any boys in the room？

Yes， there are. No， there arent.

Is there any food in the fridge？

Yes， there is. No， there isnt.

There isnt any water in the glass.

There arent any people in the room.

六、there be +名詞 + doing + 介詞短語(yǔ)表示某地有某人或某物正在做……

There are some boys playing basketball on the playground.

操場(chǎng)上有一些男孩正在打球。

There are two birds flying in the sky.

天空中有兩只鳥(niǎo)兒正在飛。

（作者單位 四川省劍閣縣鶴齡中學(xué)）endprint

There be 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中的一種特殊的句式。

一、意義

There be 表示在某地或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)有（存在）某人某物。

二、句型結(jié)構(gòu)

There be +名詞 +介詞短語(yǔ)

在There be 中，名詞作主語(yǔ)，因?yàn)槊~都是三人稱，所以be的變化只有is 和are 。并根據(jù)就近原則，第一個(gè)名詞是單數(shù)，用is，是復(fù)數(shù)，用are。

例如：There is a pen on the desk.

書(shū)桌上有一只鋼筆

There are some birds in the sky.

天空中有一些鳥(niǎo)兒。

There is an apple， two oranges， three pears on the table.

桌子上有一個(gè)蘋(píng)果、兩個(gè)橘子和三個(gè)梨。

There are 45 students and a teacher in the classroom.

教室里有45個(gè)學(xué)生和一個(gè)老師。

三、時(shí)態(tài)

there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)態(tài)都是be由來(lái)變化。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：there is / are + 名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There is some water in the glass.

杯子里有一些水。

There are many people on the playground.

操場(chǎng)上有很多人。

一般過(guò)去時(shí)：there was / were +名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There was a heavy rain yesterday in Beijing.

昨天北京下了一場(chǎng)大雨。

There were three basketball games in our school yesterday.

昨天我們學(xué)校有三場(chǎng)籃球賽。

一般將來(lái)時(shí)：there will be + 名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

there is / are going to be + 名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There will be 2000 students in our school next year.

明年我們學(xué)校將有2000學(xué)生。

There is going to be a strong wind tomorrow.

明天將有一場(chǎng)大風(fēng)。

There are going to be many new buildings in our hometown in ten years.

10年后我們家鄉(xiāng)將有許多新建筑物。

四、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的there be 句型

there + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be +名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)

There must be someone in the next room.

隔壁一定有人。

五、疑問(wèn)句和否定句

疑問(wèn)句就是把be動(dòng)詞放在there前面，否定句在be后加not。

Are there any boys in the room？

Yes， there are. No， there arent.

Is there any food in the fridge？

Yes， there is. No， there isnt.

There isnt any water in the glass.

There arent any people in the room.

六、there be +名詞 + doing + 介詞短語(yǔ)表示某地有某人或某物正在做……

There are some boys playing basketball on the playground.

操場(chǎng)上有一些男孩正在打球。

There are two birds flying in the sky.

天空中有兩只鳥(niǎo)兒正在飛。

（作者單位 四川省劍閣縣鶴齡中學(xué)）endprint