周蔚，張斌/zHOU Wei, zHANG Bin

上海國際汽車城東方瑞仕幼兒園

Kindergarten in Shanghai International Automobile City

周蔚，張斌/zHOU Wei, zHANG Bin

作為上海國際汽車城的教育配套項(xiàng)目，東方瑞仕幼兒園位于一塊兩側(cè)臨路、一側(cè)臨河的不規(guī)則三角形場地上，周邊分布有高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的住宅區(qū)、研發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)和高爾夫度假酒店，基地東西兩側(cè)住宅區(qū)的跨河連通道路在基地北角穿過。

與國內(nèi)一般3層為主的幼兒園模式不同，相對寬裕的場地面積讓我們有機(jī)會嘗試去做一個(gè)帶有豐富戶外空間的兩層的幼兒園。這既是對于場地條件的充分回應(yīng)，也是對于如何在規(guī)模偏大的幼兒園建制空間中讓幼兒更自主、便利地與自然接觸的主動探討。同時(shí)，相對于一般幼兒園中與當(dāng)代中國城市生存經(jīng)驗(yàn)普遍同構(gòu)的盒子般的內(nèi)部空間體驗(yàn)，我們更希望為幼兒創(chuàng)造一種更接近人類原初生存經(jīng)驗(yàn)和空間原型的內(nèi)部感知，讓他們在這樣一種富有啟發(fā)性的空間環(huán)境中更有想象力地成長。

所有日托班、管理辦公、后勤等功能用房都分布在一個(gè)沿東、南兩側(cè)道路展開的相對規(guī)整的L形兩層體量中。主入口開在東側(cè)道路上，由一個(gè)內(nèi)凹的帶有玻璃雨棚和大樹的入口庭院過渡到門廳空間。底層由一條居于L形體量內(nèi)側(cè)的蜿蜒寬大的長廊串聯(lián)所有空間，南翼是一字排開的5個(gè)托兒班，帶有各自的分班活動場地，并在西側(cè)盡端通過一個(gè)架空的活動空間與集中活動場地相連；辦公部分在東南角，配有一個(gè)內(nèi)向庭院；而后勤部分在東翼北段。整個(gè)L形體量的底層成為一個(gè)基座平臺，二層的10個(gè)幼兒班是分布在基座上的5個(gè)兩兩一組的單元體：南翼的3組布置緊湊，以北側(cè)的曲折短廊相連；東翼的兩組南北拉開，以居中的一字長廊相通；單元體之間都是綠化屋頂或活動平臺，而東、南兩翼之間通過辦公部分上方的屋頂花園連通。每個(gè)單元體都由配有居中內(nèi)凹雙側(cè)天窗的連續(xù)坡折屋面覆蓋，并在北側(cè)的屋面內(nèi)整合了空調(diào)及設(shè)備平臺。這樣的特殊設(shè)計(jì)使幼兒班及走廊內(nèi)都高敞明亮，每一組雙坡屋面都對應(yīng)了班內(nèi)的活動室、臥室或衛(wèi)生間，使幼兒在大進(jìn)深的班級內(nèi)部有一種居于屋檐下、透過天窗光庭對望不同空間的屋頂和天空的奇特感受。這種感受首先和人類原初的居家及在家的屋檐下獲得庇護(hù)的安定感有關(guān)聯(lián)，這種安定感來自對于自身所處時(shí)空位置的最大限度的肯定和把握；同時(shí)，這種感受又和聚落聚居的人們在安定的基礎(chǔ)上尋求自由和交流的愿望相聯(lián)系，可以啟發(fā)幼兒在空間中的探索和發(fā)現(xiàn)。這就像我們的心靈可以安坐其中，思緒卻能飄向上空，神游般地看清楚自己的軀殼。

所有的公共活動空間，包括室內(nèi)泳池、多功能活動室和6個(gè)專題活動室3部分，成為從主體量中向沿河方向自由伸出的3個(gè)相對通透的單層體量，它們之間及外圍與河道之間形成一系列形態(tài)各異的綠化及活動庭院。3個(gè)體量層高各不相同，屋頂成為高低錯(cuò)落、帶有綠化的3個(gè)活動平臺，其中泳池屋頂?shù)幕顒訄龅厥且粋€(gè)高敞的、由半透明穿孔鋁板包裹的、與二層單元體同構(gòu)的、虛幻的“房子”，內(nèi)部布置充氣的懸浮云朵、各型戶外玩具和大型盆栽綠化，成為一處帶有夢幻色彩的抽象的城堡，我們稱其為“天空之城”。這些沿河一側(cè)的地面及屋頂?shù)膽魞?nèi)、戶外活動空間成為屏蔽了交通干擾、景觀優(yōu)越的公共交流空間。

L形的主體由銀灰色的金屬屋面及涂料墻面組成輕盈的背景，各種營造水平視野的長窗帶以及內(nèi)凹窗帶洞口側(cè)邊的色彩處理成為立面上的認(rèn)知重點(diǎn)。公共活動部分的豎向窗帶及其由穿孔鋁板包裹的彩色窗間墻共同營造了通透、柔和的效果，模糊了建筑體量和環(huán)境景觀的界限，并以那個(gè)虛幻的“天空之城”以及其中透出的多樣童趣作為沿河一側(cè)的空間焦點(diǎn)。室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)在墻面及頂棚上延續(xù)了淺淡的色彩處理，同時(shí)，大量的楓木表面隔斷和櫥柜也增強(qiáng)了空間的溫暖感?！?/p>

Unlike regular three-storied kindergarten in China, the spacious site gives us the opportunity to design a two-storied kindergarten with open outdoor space. is is not only an adequate response to the site conditions, but also allows children to actively interact with nature in a large scaled kindergarten environment. At the same time, as opposed to the isolated box-like inner space experience of general kindergartens, an experience isomorphic to contemporary Chinese urban life experience, we aim to create a kind of perception of interior space which is closer to natural primitive experience and space prototypes. As a result, children are given the opportunity to grow in an inspiring setting.

All daycare units, office management, and logistics spaces are distributed in a two-story L-shaped space along the east and south roads. The main entrance is located on the east side, and a glass canopy and a large tree mark the concave entrance courtyard and transition into foyer space. A spacious L-shaped winding corridor on inner side of the ground foor connects all spaces together. The south wing consists of five nursery units each with their own playground areas. The individual playgrounds are joined together with the collective playground by a cantilever space on the west end. Ofce spaces are situated in the southeast corner, with an enclosed courtyard; while the logistical part sits of the northern section of the east wing. The entire L-shaped ground foor acts as a pedestal platform for the level above. The second floor contains ten daycare units. Every two units are grouped into one group and distributed on top of the pedestal platform. Three compact groups in the south wing are connected with the twisted corridor on the north side. Two groups in the east wing stretch in north-south direction and connect with the linear centralized corridor. Green roofs and activity platforms are placed between every group, while east and south wings are joined by roof garden above the ofce spaces. Each group is covered with a centralized concave skylight and multi-gabled roof. The north side of the roof is equipped with airconditioning and all other integrated equipment. is special design draws sunlight into nursery units and corridors. The multi-gabled roof corresponds to the activities within the classrooms, bedrooms or bathrooms. As a result, children are given the chance to experience different light and sky conditions through unique interior spaces. This experience is related to sense of security derived from the primitive prototype of home life. This sensation is related to affirmation and assurance of temporal and spatial positioning one feels in an environment. At thesame time, this sensation is connected to peoples' desire to seek freedom and interaction in a peaceful settlement. The experience inspires children to explore and discover. Similarly, it is just like how one's body remains still while the soul wonders freely.

All public spaces – including an indoor swimming pool, a multi-purpose room and six special-occasion rooms-become three one-story relatively transparent volumes that extend from the L-shaped main mass to the river. Different forms and shapes of greenery and activity courtyards situate between these three volumes. ese volumes are different in height, thus the rooftops become activity platforms with roof gardens at various levels. The roof top of the indoor pool is a shadowy "house" which is similar to other units groups on the second floor and constructed of translucent perforated material. The internal space is flled with inflated floating "clouds", various types of outdoor toys and large plants. The environment appears like a dream-like and is castle known as the "Castle in the Sky". ese indoor and outside spaces along the river block trafc disturbance and become excellent public interactive spaces.

The silver metal roof and painted walls of the main L-shaped volume becomes the light backdrop. A variety of eye-level windows and colors on the side of recess window openings become the focal points of facades. The vertical portion of mullioned windows and the colored wall between windows clad with perforated aluminum sheeting create a transparent and soft effect. The effect blurs the boundary between building volume and landscape. The building uses the shadowy "Castle in the Sky" and its playfulness as a focal point along the riverside. Light color treatment on interior walls and ceilings, and use of maple on partitions and cabinets enhance the coziness of the interior environment.□

4 “天空之城”西側(cè)外觀/"Castle in the sky" view from west

5 軸測圖/Axonometric drawing

6 二層屋面活動平臺/Roof terrace

7 “天空之城”/"Castle in the sky"

Paraffin-embedded tumor sections were stained with PCNA antibody (1 : 400). Detection was carried out by using GTVisinTM immunohistochemical analysis KIT (Gene Tech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). The images were observed under a microscope (IX73; Olympus, Japan).

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

建筑師/Architects：周蔚，張斌/致正建筑工作室/zHOU Wei, zHANG Bin /Atelier z+

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Project Team：袁怡，孟昊，李姿娜，王佳綺，潘凌飛，張展/YUAN Yi , MENG Hao, LI zina, WANG jiaqi, PAN Lingfei, zHANG zhan

合作設(shè)計(jì)/Design Cooperation：上海江南建筑設(shè)計(jì)院有限公司/Shanghai jiangnan Architectural Design Institute Co., Ltd.

客戶/Client：上海國際汽車城(集團(tuán))有限公司/Shanghai International Automobile City (Group) Co., Ltd.

承建方/General Contractor：上海萬恒建筑裝飾有限公司，上海豪成裝飾有限公司/Shanghai Wanheng Construction and Decoration Co., Ltd.，Shanghai Haocheng Decoration Co., Ltd.

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period：2011.04 – 2013.03

建造時(shí)間/Construction Period：2012.05 – 2013.08

基地面積/Site Area：11050m2

占地面積/Building Area：4085m2

建筑面積/Gross Floor Area：6342m2

結(jié)構(gòu)形式/Structure：鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu) (局部鋼結(jié)構(gòu))/ Reinforced concrete frame (partly steel frame)

建筑層數(shù)/Height：地上2層/ 2 stories

主要用途/Principal Use：15班日托幼兒園/Nursery of 15 Daycare Units

主要用材/Primary Materials：涂料，平板玻璃，烤漆鋁板，穿孔鋁板，鋁型材，鋁鎂錳板，型鋼，塑木板/ Painting, slab glass, pre-coated aluminum sheeting and profile, pre-coated perforated aluminum sheeting, Al-Mg-Mn alloy sheeting, steel profile, wood plastic composite (WPC) panel

工程造價(jià)/Cost：42M rmb

攝影/Photos：蘇圣亮/SU Shengliang

8 二層班級單元－活動室/Class unit-the activity room on foor 1

9 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)單元剖面/Section diagram of typical class unit

10. 11 內(nèi)景/Interior view

12 剖面/Section

13 內(nèi)景/Interior view

致正建筑工作室

2014-02-15