建筑設(shè)計(jì)：FuthArk建筑師事務(wù)所

克里斯蒂安·克羅格門39-41號(hào)，奧斯陸，挪威

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：FuthArk建筑師事務(wù)所

許多挪威建筑師不愿選擇做低成本住宅項(xiàng)目，是由于他們對(duì)建筑標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和生活質(zhì)量方面的一些設(shè)計(jì)考慮往往會(huì)被開發(fā)商出于成本控制的原因而犧牲掉。FuthArk事務(wù)所則向我們展示了一個(gè)可以兩全其美的成功案例。

項(xiàng)目包括33套公寓，占據(jù)了場地3邊，一個(gè)混凝土底座內(nèi)設(shè)置了商業(yè)設(shè)施和2層的地下車庫。

作為建筑主體的住宅部分，都是采用預(yù)制的木制模塊，運(yùn)輸?shù)浆F(xiàn)場再拼裝而成的。

場地的種種局限在這里被創(chuàng)造性地利用起來。沿街立面簡單大氣，而內(nèi)立面則有著更多細(xì)致入微的細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)。庭院、屋頂露臺(tái)和走道分別提供了從公共性到私密性不同層級(jí)的入口。建筑修長的體量令每戶都能接收充足的日照，每翼建筑邊寬6.3m，包含一個(gè)露天的走道，可供光線透射和植物攀爬。

在模塊間的連接處種植了植物，一些細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)也做了相應(yīng)的功能處理，這些設(shè)計(jì)令整棟建筑看起來并不顯得特別的模塊化。

模塊化的建造方法是控制工程造價(jià)的有效方式。不管怎樣，在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中，在保證工期和效益的同時(shí)仍然兼顧了建筑師對(duì)居住品質(zhì)和建筑整體性的要求?！酰ㄍ醣?譯）

Many Norwegian architects shun medium to low cost housing projects because architectural standards and quality of life considerations are too often sacrificed by developers. FuthArk shows it needn't be that way.

This project consists of 33 apartments that frame 3 sides of the property and rest on concrete foundations that house commercial units and two stories of underground parking.

The bulk of the building, dedicated to housing, was prefabricated as modules in wood and transported to site.

The limitations imposed by the site, are used creatively. The street facades are simple, projecting strength, while the inner facades are nuanced and more detailed. The courtyard, roof terraces and walkways are designed to give a hierarchy of access, from public to private. By building slender volumes the apartments receive generous amounts of daylight. The 6.3m wide wings have walkways set apart from the facade allowing light to filter down and plants to climb.

Where the modules join, vegetation and detailing contributes to functionality and ensures that the building doesn't look modular.

The modular construction method makes the project cost effective. However, the time and effort given to planning ensures that the quality of life and architectural integrity are maintained.□

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

項(xiàng)目建筑師/Project Architect: Amund Gulden

項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)/Project Team: jonas Engene, Kathrine Austlid, Siri Lykke Kolstad

景觀建筑師/Landscape Architects: Rainer Stange, Geir Nummedal, Birgitte Adal

總面積/Gross Area: 住宅/Housing, 2262m2, 商業(yè)/ Commercial, 927m2, 停車/Parking, 1895m2, 室外區(qū)域/ Outdoor area, 1000m2

建筑造價(jià)/Construction Cost: 55M NOK

攝影/Photos: Ivan Brodey (Fig.1, 3, 6), FuthArk (Fig.4)

評(píng)論

李曉峰：低造價(jià)公寓項(xiàng)目，往往因開發(fā)商在建造標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和空間品質(zhì)方面的苛刻而難有佳作。而這座低造價(jià)公寓，因場地局限反而激發(fā)了建筑師的創(chuàng)造性。公寓樓建于混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的商業(yè)設(shè)施之上。其特點(diǎn)之一是三面圍合的公寓樓構(gòu)成一個(gè)富有特色的庭院，通過減薄建筑體量而獲得充足日照。其二是公寓樓主體大量采用木構(gòu)預(yù)制模塊，直接于現(xiàn)場安裝而成，大大提高了成本效益。院子內(nèi)表面用心的細(xì)節(jié)處理和植被攀爬，柔化了預(yù)制模塊連接的生硬感，既增強(qiáng)了完整性，也提高了空間的品質(zhì)。

趙仲貴：這個(gè)低造價(jià)住宅不是一個(gè)很吸引眼球的設(shè)計(jì)，但從規(guī)劃到細(xì)部處理都可看出建筑師的用心。值得也在設(shè)計(jì)大規(guī)模低造價(jià)住宅的中國建筑師學(xué)習(xí)：3個(gè)部分圍合和定義庭院空間，在保持各自單元私密的同時(shí)，建立了社區(qū)感。豐富的立面、景觀和庭院細(xì)節(jié)處理讓內(nèi)院充滿生活情趣。對(duì)應(yīng)于采光窗部分的走道挖空以增加采光并通風(fēng)，同時(shí)形成了一個(gè)舒適的單元入口空間。在戶型面積不大的前提下，臥室布置非常緊湊，以保證起居空間和衛(wèi)生間的舒適，可以一瞥北歐人對(duì)室內(nèi)生活質(zhì)量的追求。

4 不同遮光效果的欄桿/Railings with different shading 5 平面/Plan6 公寓走道/Apartment gangway

Comments

LI Xiaofeng: It is typically difficult to create a masterpiece with a low-cost housing project. The developer's cost constraints and the generally reduced spatial opportunities of this housing type seem to inhibit such results. In this case however, the project's site constraints stimulated the architect's creativity. This apartment complex is built on top of a concrete platform that creates a new ground plane for the residential units and houses commercial program. One of the most special features of the project is the central courtyard, enclosed on three sides by apartments. Because of the strategic reduction in the project's overall massing, the courtyard has generous solar exposure throughout the year. The apartment complex was built using prefabricated wooden modules which were transported to the site, a significant increase in the cost effectiveness of the project. Landscaping and careful facade detailing were used to disguise the building's modular origins and stress the overall architectural and spatial unity of the scheme.

ZHAO Zhonggui: This affordable housing project seems modest at first glance, but a range of thoughtful design solutions – from the scale of planning to detailing –are what sets it apart. Chinese architects working on mass housing developments could learn a lot from the decisions made here. Three blocks of housing units enclose and define a central courtyard space, creating a sense of community while ensuring the privacy of each unit. The courtyard is developed as an inviting and intimate space through the use of textured facade treatments, landscaping, and fine detailing. Building circulation is set off the facade to provide ample daylight and a more defined entrance. From the floor plans we can see that within the units bedrooms are kept compact in order to preserve a comfortable scale for the living areas and bathrooms. In all of this we catch a glimpse of the thinking behind the Nordic quality of life.

39-41 Christian Krohgs Gate, Oslo, Norway, 2012

Architects: FuthArk architects