外語學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)是運(yùn)用,但必須經(jīng)過一個(gè)對目標(biāo)語言的理解、認(rèn)知與識記的過程,這一過程,要求目標(biāo)語言被不斷重復(fù)呈現(xiàn),以強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)者的記憶。小學(xué)英語教學(xué)就是要根據(jù)兒童認(rèn)知發(fā)展的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)活動,讓需要學(xué)習(xí)的英語語言盡量在有趣的,有意義的語境中呈現(xiàn),由具體的任務(wù)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從聽說讀寫多種維度運(yùn)用目標(biāo)語言,記憶符號形式和應(yīng)用規(guī)則,感知體驗(yàn)文本意義、情感色彩和文化含義。
本課是本冊教材第七模塊第二單元,經(jīng)過第一單元核心課文的學(xué)習(xí),第二單元著重于通過一系列語言活動,復(fù)習(xí)鞏固關(guān)于動物話題的相關(guān)語言點(diǎn)。本課教學(xué)在設(shè)計(jì)上重視活動的趣味性,包括游戲、比賽等形式,但這些外在形式實(shí)際要完成的是對語言交流的驅(qū)動,讓學(xué)生在真實(shí)的語境中展開真實(shí)交流,讓目標(biāo)語言在學(xué)生的思維過程和言語行動中被有意義的重復(fù)呈現(xiàn)。
一、 Warm up: Free talk. 對話暖身,活躍氣氛
(一)Greetings
T: Good morning, boys and girls. I’ll teach you today. You may call me Mr Li.
Ss: Good morning, Mr Li.
T: Good morning, children.
(教師與學(xué)生問候熱身,因?yàn)槭墙璋嗌险n,教師進(jìn)行自我介紹。)
(二) I like animals
T:Do you like animals?
Ss:Yes.
T: I like animals, too. I like animals very much. I have pets at home. I often visit the zoo to see animals. I love animals.(教師在陳述過程中讓學(xué)生感受like和love在表示喜愛時(shí)程度上的區(qū)別。)
T: Let me show you some photos.(師播放ppt,向生展示自己與家人在動物園時(shí)所照相片)
T: They are goats, they are so naughty, right? This is my son, we are feeding them. Do you know?
(三)Pandas love bamboo
T: Look at this photo. My favorite animal is panda. What do pandas eat?
S:Pandas eat bamboo.
T: Yes,pandas eat bamboo. Pandas eat a lot of bamboo. Pandas eat for twelve hours a day. (教師一邊描述,一邊展示熊貓吃竹子,野生熊貓出入竹林的照片。)
Pandas love bamboo. (師板書課文標(biāo)題,再次強(qiáng)調(diào)love的意義。)
活動意圖:教師展示自己及家人參觀動物園的照片,因?yàn)檎勗挼娜送鶎Ρ舜松钫鎸?shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)更感興趣,由此吸引孩子參與對話。之后談?wù)撔茇埖膬?nèi)容是對本模塊第一單元內(nèi)容的復(fù)習(xí)再現(xiàn),幫助學(xué)生對相關(guān)話題的目標(biāo)語言熱身準(zhǔn)備,為進(jìn)入下一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的活動做好鋪墊。
二、Lead in: Review the words of animals. 游戲?qū)耄瑥?fù)習(xí)詞匯
通過游戲good witness(優(yōu)秀目擊證人),復(fù)習(xí)擴(kuò)展關(guān)于動物的詞匯;引導(dǎo)學(xué)生運(yùn)用目標(biāo)句型,談?wù)搫游锏纳盍?xí)性。需要說明的是課文標(biāo)題Pandas love bamboos. 使用love一詞,與like一詞在情感程度上的差異是本課學(xué)生理解與體驗(yàn)的重點(diǎn)。在這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的練習(xí)中,講述動物對食物的偏好與習(xí)性,教師還是選用like而不是love,幫助學(xué)生熟悉句型。
(一) Brain storm: Talk about the animals you like
頭腦風(fēng)暴,讓學(xué)生使用目標(biāo)句型I like…談?wù)撟约合矚g的動物。教師通過前面話題鋪墊,引發(fā)學(xué)生參與討論的興趣,在自己示范陳述之后,給學(xué)生機(jī)會描述自己對動物的感受與觀點(diǎn)。
(二)Game 1: Are you a good witness? 游戲:優(yōu)秀目擊證人
T:Well, there are some animals in the picture to show you. You have ten seconds to see. Try to remember what are they. The winner is the one who remember the most? Ready? Let’s see.
(師播放圖片,給生10秒鐘時(shí)間觀看,讓生說出他們看到哪些動物)
T:What do you see?
S1: I see a snake.
S2: I see an elephant.
S3: I see a bear.
S4:……
教師在黑板上寫下學(xué)生提到的動物單詞。
T:Very good. Now, let’s check.教師重新展示這張圖片,示意學(xué)生朗讀動物名稱,核對自己的答案,并復(fù)習(xí)這些詞匯。
三、核心句型練習(xí)
(一)Free talk. 師生問答,談?wù)搫游飳κ澄锏钠茫犝f的方式復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)句型: They like…
T:Do you know what do they eat?
S1: Elephants eat bananas.
T:Yes, Elephants eat bananas. Elephants like bananas. How about bears?
S2: Bears eat fish.
T:Good! Bears eat fish. Bears like fish.
(二)看書,朗讀課文第28頁第2部分文本,認(rèn)讀的方式復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)句型
T: Now, let’s learn more about these animals from the text. Read the text with your e-pen. (教師使用點(diǎn)讀筆,在課文掛圖上逐句點(diǎn)讀課文,學(xué)生看課文,聽課文錄音。)
(三)Task 1: What do elephants like? 句型的交互性應(yīng)用練習(xí)活動之一。(控制性練習(xí))
任務(wù)型活動1:根據(jù)教材文本,將動物與所愛之物連線并交流答案。教師在屏幕上呈現(xiàn)課文兩組圖片,一組是動物,包括:大象、蛇、貓、熊、熊貓、小狗,另一組是根據(jù)教材文本提煉的體現(xiàn)動物生活習(xí)性偏好的事物,包括:水、太陽、魚、竹子、球等。此練習(xí)的問語與答句內(nèi)容都由課文文本預(yù)設(shè)控制,為控制性練習(xí)。
T:Different Animals like different things. According to the text, what do elephants like?
Ss: Elephants like water.
T: Yes, elephants like water. (教師把對應(yīng)圖片相連,展示幾張真實(shí)的大象玩水的圖片,幫助學(xué)生了解大象的生活習(xí)性。)
T: Who can ask a question with the next animal? (師嘗試讓學(xué)生相互問答)
S1: (學(xué)生自愿舉手提問)What do cats like?
S2: Cats like fish.(師連上對應(yīng)圖片)
T: Good, go on please.(學(xué)生繼續(xù)回答,師依次連上動物與其喜好的圖片。)
T: You are so clever.(師給予參加對話活動的學(xué)生動物卡片作為獎勵) Now, let’s read the text together. 示意學(xué)生朗讀課文。
(四)Task 2: Tell me more. 句型的交互性應(yīng)用練習(xí)活動之二。(半控制性練習(xí))
出題謎的學(xué)生使用目標(biāo)語言They like…描述某個(gè)動物,其他同學(xué)猜測答案,如果猜不出來,可以說“Tell me more”,要求提供更多線索。出題謎的學(xué)生用更多的句子來描述這個(gè)動物。此項(xiàng)活動所使用的問語與答句只受話題范圍的限制,具體內(nèi)容由學(xué)生自己確定,即興產(chǎn)生,屬于半控制性練習(xí)。
T: Now, we play a guessing game, can you guess what animals they are? Look.(教師示范猜謎游戲,播放ppt, 顯示第一個(gè)詞條——“They eat meat.”)
S1:Maybe they are tigers.
S2:Maybe they are lions.
S3:Maybe they are dogs.(生競相回答)
T: I’ll tell you more. (師打出第二個(gè)詞條——“They live/sleep in the grassland”)
S1:They are lions!
T: Well, they are lions. (教師在ppt上顯示謎底獅子) Ok. It’s your turn to play.
學(xué)生模仿范例,使用目標(biāo)語言相互問答猜測。先由兩個(gè)學(xué)生嘗試,再由學(xué)生二人小組展開游戲。
四、文段表達(dá)
前面句型練習(xí)為描述動物習(xí)性的話題做好的語言的準(zhǔn)備,這一階段的目標(biāo)是從交互性語言活動的量上進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展,鼓勵學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用以前學(xué)過與動物相關(guān)聯(lián)的句型和詞匯,進(jìn)行文段的表達(dá)產(chǎn)出,增強(qiáng)語言表達(dá)的邏輯性。
(一) I like birds.看圖說話,教師示范表述
(二)Task 3: Talking about the animals you like best. 任務(wù)3:嘗試描述自己喜愛的動物。
學(xué)生根據(jù)教師提供的文本結(jié)構(gòu),嘗試描述自己喜歡的動物,兩人相互討論。經(jīng)過熱身準(zhǔn)備后,教師請個(gè)別同學(xué)全班展示。
S1: (生舉手) I like bears. they live in the forest. They sleep in the hole. They play with other bears. They have got paws and fur, and they have got a big mouth. Bears love honey and fish. They can climb trees.
T: Wow, that’s so great.教師表揚(yáng)鼓勵學(xué)生的表述,尤其是學(xué)生主動補(bǔ)充了作為本課標(biāo)題的句型Pandas love bamboo.
T:Here I have more animals for you. Of course, you can talk about some other animals we don’t have here. 教師為學(xué)生的表述提供可參考的圖片,但充分尊重學(xué)生自己的喜好和選擇。鼓勵更多的學(xué)生描述不同的動物。
T: You please.
S1:(聲音洪亮地)Cats like fish. They live in people’s house. They sleep in small house. They play with other cats. Sometimes they play with toys. They have got paws and beautiful fur.
T: Prefect.(師鼓掌,生齊鼓掌)
更多的學(xué)生嘗試表述。
(三)Task 4: find the odd one out.任務(wù)4,找出一組圖片中與其他事物不屬于一類的那張來。說出理由。
T: Look. Here are some pictures of animals. Which one does not belong to this group? Tell me why?
(教師在屏幕上展示三張動物圖片,讓生討論,說說其中那一種動物不屬于這一組)
1 whales dogs cats
S1: The whales. They live in the sea. Dogs and cats lives on land.
S2: Whales can swim.
S3: Dogs can swim, too.
S2: Whales can’t run. Dogs and cats can.學(xué)生運(yùn)用所知嘗試,展開討論,運(yùn)用目標(biāo)語言描述動物的習(xí)性。
T: Whales are different. I agree with you. Let’s see two more groups. Discuss in four, first.
教師展示另外兩組圖片,讓學(xué)生四人小組討論。
2 snakes owls pandas
3 frogs bears tigers
學(xué)生開始激烈討論,師下臺巡視,并與生簡短討論)
T: OK, time is up, who would like to share your opinions with us?
S1:I think snakes are different. Pandas and owls have got paws and fur(feather), but snakes haven’t.
S2: (迫不及待地舉手) I think owls are different because owls can fly!
S3:I think pandas are different. Pandas love bamboo, but snakes and owls love mice.(教師肯定了學(xué)生多元化的分析角度。)
T: Good. All your words sound reasonable. Let’s talk about group 3.
S1:I think frogs are different, they can live in the water, but bears and tigers can’t.
S2: I think tigers are different, frogs and bears will sleep in the winter, but tigers won’t sleep in the winter.
T: Yes, frogs and bears go hibinations in winter.教師給學(xué)生即時(shí)補(bǔ)充語言內(nèi)容,在情景中增加課堂教學(xué)的英語語言輸入量。
S3:……
五、拓展閱讀與繪本寫作
(一)拓展閱讀,擴(kuò)展視野
教師向?qū)W生展示關(guān)于某種“珍惜”動物的圖片和配圖文字,讓學(xué)生閱讀,并完成作業(yè)題單。
T: Let’s read and know more animals.
T: Try to finish your work sheet.
T: Well, Let’s check the answers. (學(xué)生躍躍欲試,教師請幾個(gè)同學(xué)展示其題單答案。)
(二)Home work for additional reading
Read and collect informations of a certain animal we don’t mentioned today. Stick their pictures and complete the sentences.
(作者單位:宜賓市中山街小學(xué),四川,宜賓 644000)