在實(shí)際的教學(xué)課堂中,課堂教學(xué)中的問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)往往容易出現(xiàn)以下問(wèn)題:提問(wèn)內(nèi)容比較刻板,缺乏趣味性思維空間;回答方式較單一,缺乏深層互動(dòng)的交流;難易設(shè)計(jì)不合理等。針對(duì)這種情況,只有把相關(guān)的功能項(xiàng)目與學(xué)生的日常生活、知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)和認(rèn)知水平等密切結(jié)合起來(lái),才能激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的興趣,提高課堂的效率,為發(fā)展跨文化語(yǔ)言交際能力打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。
采用靈活的提問(wèn)形式培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)興趣
新學(xué)期伊始,我道出自己的英文名字,接著讓每個(gè)學(xué)生也起個(gè)英文名字,使大家相互了解、記住名字,然后提問(wèn):“Do you want to know something about me? You can ask me any questions.”學(xué)生會(huì)搶著提問(wèn):“How old are you? What is your telephone number? What is your QQ number? What is your hobby? What kind of food do you like best? Who is your favorite film star?”這種問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)打破了教師單一提問(wèn)的教學(xué)形式。我在全班示范后,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們用pair-work的形式練習(xí),再用group-work的方式擴(kuò)大認(rèn)識(shí)的范圍,最后請(qǐng)同學(xué)站起來(lái)在全班采訪,或相互介紹進(jìn)行實(shí)際應(yīng)用。這樣,學(xué)生之間一下子就消除了生疏感。45分鐘的課興趣盎然地結(jié)束了,學(xué)生感到意猶未盡。
新課引入時(shí),我經(jīng)常設(shè)計(jì)一些讓學(xué)生感興趣的情景,比如他們所喜歡的音樂(lè)、著名人物、影視明星、游戲、書(shū)籍、運(yùn)動(dòng)等主題。教學(xué)Unit 5 Module 2 “Music”時(shí),我提問(wèn):What is your favorite song?What is your favorite singer?How many kinds of music do you know?What are they?學(xué)生回答時(shí)就更能調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)積極性和學(xué)習(xí)熱情,也就達(dá)到了事半功倍的目的。
問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)要能體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的主體地位
教學(xué)Unit 2 Module 2 “The Olympic Games”時(shí),我引入2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)的相關(guān)信息,包括奧運(yùn)吉祥物、會(huì)徽、歷屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)召開(kāi)的城市等。之后適時(shí)地引導(dǎo)學(xué)生,以“the advantages and disadvantages of hosting the Olympic Games”為主題展開(kāi)辯論。在辯論過(guò)程中,學(xué)生們了解了奧運(yùn)在世界人民生活中所起的重要作用,同時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)客觀、辯證、全面地分析舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)的利與弊,形成了自己的觀點(diǎn)。我又設(shè)計(jì)這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題:“If you are the major of Beijing,what kind of Olympic Games will you hold?” 這樣既活躍了課堂氣氛,又提高了學(xué)習(xí)效果,而學(xué)生的思辨能力、英語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力和情感態(tài)度也得到了明顯提升。
利用多媒體設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題
如教Unit 2 Module 3 “Healthy diet”,我將肉類(lèi)、蔬菜、水果的圖片依次在多媒體呈現(xiàn)出來(lái),提問(wèn):“Which do you like best?Do you think what is a healthy diet?”學(xué)生各抒己見(jiàn):“I like beef best. I think the healthy diet should contain beef, cabbage and apples.” “I like strawberry. I think the healthy diet should have strawberry and meat in it.” “I like pork best. In my opinion, there must be some meat and vegetable in the healthy diet.”
另一方面,利用多媒體的交互功能,能增加學(xué)習(xí)的趣味性。如我在練習(xí)中,將所選擇的答案隱藏在答案區(qū),提問(wèn)學(xué)生,如果正確,答案將顯示在答案區(qū)不動(dòng),屏幕上出現(xiàn)“Very good!”或掌聲,如果所選的答案是錯(cuò)誤的,顯示答案,同時(shí)屏幕上出現(xiàn)“Try again”或“Don’t lose heart”.
情景設(shè)計(jì)
在Unit 5 Module 5 “First aid”,我扮演一個(gè)病人:“I have a bad cold today, but I don’t know what I should do. Could you give me some advice?”學(xué)生現(xiàn)場(chǎng)支招,A:“You should have a good rest.”B: “Drink some water.”C: “You had better see a doctor at once.”這種情景設(shè)計(jì)是從模擬實(shí)際向真實(shí)實(shí)際的過(guò)渡,體驗(yàn)學(xué)以致用。
責(zé)任編輯 魏文琦