建筑設(shè)計(jì)：坦佩雷理工大學(xué)EDGE建筑與城市研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室，建筑與設(shè)計(jì)探索實(shí)驗(yàn)室有限公司

ARCHITECTS: Edge Laboratory for Architectural and Urban Research (Tampere University of Technology) , Laboratory for Explorative Architecture & Design Ltd.

1 坦佩雷理工大學(xué)內(nèi)的龍鱗/Dragon Skin－pavilion at Tampere University of Technology（攝影/Photo: Emmi Keskisarja）

“龍鱗”展廳是一個(gè)建筑藝術(shù)裝置，挑戰(zhàn)并發(fā)掘了空間、觸覺，以及當(dāng)前數(shù)字建造技術(shù)革命帶來的材料可能性。

龍鱗展廳在材料設(shè)計(jì)和數(shù)字制造工作坊中完成的，該工作坊由坦佩雷理工大學(xué)、建筑與設(shè)計(jì)探索實(shí)驗(yàn)室有限公司（LEAD)合作舉辦。在2011年“坦佩雷建筑周”期間，來自坦佩雷理工大學(xué)、奧盧大學(xué)和阿爾托大學(xué)的學(xué)生們共同設(shè)計(jì)和建造了“龍鱗”——這個(gè)臨時(shí)性的裝置展廳。工作坊活動的的目標(biāo)是在10天內(nèi)創(chuàng)作出一個(gè)基于后成型Grada膠合板（UPM-Kymmene公司提供）的構(gòu)造物。

這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的建造受到了制造方法、材料特性和展廳的臨時(shí)性等方面的限制。展廳由自相似、批量生產(chǎn)的組件構(gòu)成，這些構(gòu)件經(jīng)過工業(yè)爐的加熱在單獨(dú)模具中彎曲成型。而作為連接系統(tǒng)，設(shè)計(jì)小組選擇了簡單的滑動關(guān)節(jié)，以溝槽的方式連接各部分組件，以此確保拆裝便利，也無需使用膠水和螺絲。

我們建立了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)模型，用于計(jì)算并從整體中抽取形體，以此模型為依據(jù)，為各部分繪制建造圖紙，并優(yōu)化材料用量以及建造組裝的時(shí)間。雙曲線的展廳由163塊經(jīng)過彎曲的矩形薄板制成，它們具有相似的尺寸和曲率。通過3D模型，我們根據(jù)槽接的位置和角度確定了板面的微妙差異。曲率依靠材料性質(zhì)加以優(yōu)化，而槽口則只放在最終殼體的平直位置上。

2012年2月15 日至4月23日，龍鱗展廳的第二個(gè)原型在2012深圳·香港城市建筑雙城雙年展上展出。我們從平滑表面到減少幾何形變和內(nèi)表面張力等方面入手，重新設(shè)計(jì)了這第二個(gè)龍鱗。減小后的板片尺寸增加了整體強(qiáng)度，也減少了材料浪費(fèi)（8×4的木板正好可以制作8塊板片）。膠合板殼體在芬蘭制作壓彎，而后運(yùn)抵香港最終組裝成型?！酰ㄈ~揚(yáng) 譯）

2 細(xì)部/Detail（攝影/Photo: Emmi Keskisarja）

3 細(xì)部/Details（攝影/Photos: Erkka Peltonen）

4 細(xì)部/Details（攝影/Photos: Erkka Peltonen）

5 細(xì)部/Details（攝影/Photos: Erkka Peltonen）

6 細(xì)部/Details（攝影/Photos: Erkka Peltonen）

7 曲線網(wǎng)格/Grid to curve

8 曲線網(wǎng)格/Grid to curve

The Dragon Skin Pavilion is an architectural art installation that challenges and explores the spatial,tactile and material possibilities architecture is offered today by revolutions in digital fabrication and manufacturing technology.

The Dragon Skin pavilion was developed during the Material Design and Digital Fabrication workshop, organized by Tampere University of Technology in collaboration with LEAD (Laboratory for Explorative Architecture & Design Ltd.). It was built and designed by students from Tampere University of Technology, University of Oulu and Aalto University as a temporary installation for the Tampere Architectural Week 2011. The goal of the intense workshop was to create in ten days a component based structure from a new material:post-formable Grada plywood (UPM-Kymmene).

The project was built up with the constraints of the fabrication methods, material specifications and temporary nature of the pavilion in mind. It was built out of self-similar, mass-produced wooden components, bent onto one single mold after heating in an industrial oven. As a connection system the design team opted for an easy sliding joint slotconnection between the components which allowed for easy assembly and dismantling as no glues nor screws were needed. A computer model was used to evaluate and extract from a global shape the fabrication drawings for all components optimizing material use, manufacturing and assembly time.The double curved shape is made from 163 bent rectangular panels with similar size and bending radius. The variation follows from slightly differing slot locations and angles, meticulously generated by a 3d master-model. The bending radius is optimized to the material's properties and slots are only placed in the flat parts of the final shells.

A second prototype of the Dragon Skin pavilion is currently exhibited at the prestigious 2012 Shenzhen ＆ Hong Kong Bi-City Biennale of Urbanism Architecture from 15 February to 23 April 2012. This second versioned was fully redesigned starting from an equilibrium surface to reduce geometry deformations and internal surface forces.The sizes of the pieces were reduced to increase strength and reduce material waste (an 8×4 sheet produced exactly 8 squares). The plywood shells were manufactured and bent in Finland and shipped to Hong Kong for assembly.□

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: Emmi Keskisarja (EDGE),Pekka Tynkkynen (EDGE), Kristof Crolla (LEAD),Sebastien Delagrange (LEAD) with Gilles Retsin, Toni ?sterlund, Kimmo Yl?-Anttila, Anssi Joutsiniemi

材料工程師/Material Engineers: Juhana Liimatainen and Antti Lankinen

建筑系學(xué)生/Students of Architecture: Frank Ho,Anes Jacupovic, Ilkka Lindberg, Milla Vuorinen,Olli Hongisto, Ilkka Ala-Fossi, Maria Laisi, Hannu Saunaluoma, Jyri Tartia, Jonathan Hilden, Aleksi Rastas, Joonas Ala-Karvia, Ville Leivo, Thomas Miyauchi, Tomi It?niemi, Lilli Mustila, Erkka Peltonen, Markus Heinonen, Saana Koivusalo, Antti Keskinen, Katja Virta, Olli Metso, Anna Hakula, Aija Rimpel?inen

主任/Dean: Stattan Lodenius

贊助商/Sponsors: UPM Kymmene, Tampereen Arkkitehtuuriviikko, Pipu Oy

9 在Grasshopper里創(chuàng)建數(shù)字模型/The digital model was created in Grasshopper

10 學(xué)生在Pipu公司使用數(shù)控切割機(jī)/The students got to explore the CNC-cutters at Pipu Oy

11 學(xué)生在Pipu公司使用數(shù)控切割機(jī)/The students got to explore the CNC-cutters at Pipu Oy

12 生產(chǎn)線制作彎曲組件需要工業(yè)爐、模具和細(xì)致的建筑學(xué)學(xué)生/The production line needed for the bending of the components consisted of an industrial oven, a mold and meticulous architecture students

14 建造序列/Building sequence

16 面板制作流線/Panel production line

15 連接系統(tǒng)/Connection system

13 模具安裝在沖床上，通風(fēng)口的排扇可以讓它冷卻/The mold wasused by a lifter. A ventilator was installed in the mold to cool it down（9－13 攝影/Photos: Jyri Tartia, Markus Heinonen, Joonas Ala－Karvia）

18 龍鱗在在2011深圳·香港城市建筑雙年展/Dragon Skin－pavilion at the SZHK Architecture biennale in Hong Kong（攝影/Photo: Kevin Ng）

19 龍鱗在在2011深圳·香港城市建筑雙年展/Dragon Skin－pavilion at the SZHK Architecture biennale in Hong Kong（攝影/Photo: Pekka Tynkkynen）