?青岡縣興華中學(xué) 吳憲忠
〔此課選自湘教仁愛版義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書《英語》九年級上冊Unit 1 Topic 1?!?/p>
本單元的內(nèi)容是通過對某一地點(diǎn)的過去和現(xiàn)在的對比,體現(xiàn)各個(gè)方面的變化,即以過去某一時(shí)刻為起點(diǎn)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的變化及過去的變化對現(xiàn)在所產(chǎn)生的影響,并以典型城市(如北京)的路況、生活條件及通訊狀況等幾個(gè)方面為代表來呈現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用。本節(jié)課是該話題的第一節(jié),通過同學(xué)談?wù)摳髯约倨诘慕?jīng)歷,體現(xiàn)have/has been to與have/has gone to的不同用法,初步認(rèn)識現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)并鞏固一般過去時(shí)態(tài),為本話題的順利學(xué)習(xí)起到鋪墊作用。
1.知識目標(biāo):
a:重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語 proper,volunteer,bytheway,somany
b:理解并運(yùn)用have/hasbeento和have/hasgoneto
c:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的不同用法。
2.技能目標(biāo):初步運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表述句意,結(jié)合語境及周圍實(shí)際恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用have/has been to和have/has gone to.
3.情感態(tài)度目標(biāo):通過對話練習(xí),訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的語言表達(dá)能力和說英語的自信心,激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的內(nèi)動(dòng)力。
重點(diǎn):初步運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。
難點(diǎn):區(qū)別運(yùn)用have/has been to和have/has gone to.
a:任務(wù)型教學(xué)
b:合作探究
StepⅠWarming-up
T:Practiseafterthemodel.(writedowntheword:go-went-gone.)
Ss:Practise 1b on Page 3 in groups.
設(shè)計(jì)說明:通過課初的熱身活動(dòng),既鞏固了以前所學(xué)的內(nèi)容——?jiǎng)釉~的過去式和過去分詞,又達(dá)到了整合話題內(nèi)容的目的,為學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)掃清了詞匯上的障礙。
StepⅡ:Leading-in
T:(check the formwhich studends completed on Page 3.)Ok,you’re smart.Nowcomplete and studythe sentences below theformingroups,thenfindoutthesameamongthesentences.
Studendsdiscuss in groups then answer:
S1:主語+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。
S2:一般疑問句用have/has提問。
S3:一般疑問句用哪個(gè)詞提問用哪個(gè)詞回答。
T:Ok,it is the character to make up the tense“present perfect”.
設(shè)計(jì)說明:通過以上的鞏固復(fù)習(xí)及學(xué)生分組討論,觀察總結(jié)出現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成特點(diǎn),把枯燥的語法學(xué)習(xí)融于句型之中,為恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用掃清了語法障礙,變死記為活用。
StepⅢ:Presentation
創(chuàng)設(shè)語言情境,呈現(xiàn)have/has been to和have/has gone to及部分生詞。
1.創(chuàng)設(shè)對話情境。Mr.Smith星期六組織Class 2去野營,大家在校門口集合時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)Jim沒來。師生對話,呈現(xiàn)have/has gone to...
Mr.Smith:Hello,everyone!Jimisn’t here.Where is he?
S1:Maybe he is at home.
S2:Maybe he is ill.
......
Mr.Smith:No.He has gone to Beijing to be a volunteer,and volunteer is a proper job for youngpeople.
(讓學(xué)生了解volunteer,教師適當(dāng)講解have/has gone to的用法,并讓學(xué)生初步掌握。)
(假設(shè)星期一Jim返回學(xué)校,Mr.Smith和Jim展開對話,呈現(xiàn)have/hasbeen to。)
Jim:Good morning,Mr.Smith.
Mr.Smith:Good morning,Jim.You have just come back fromBeijing.Howwas your trip?
Jim:Cool!
Mr.Smith:I think you have been to so many places of interest.
(適當(dāng)講解have/hasbeen to的用法,要求學(xué)生初步掌握。)
(簡筆畫呈現(xiàn)have/hasbeen to和have/hasgone to,講解它們的區(qū)別并要求學(xué)生掌握。)
2.師生對話,簡單操練have/hasbeen to和have/hasgone to的用法。
(教師特意讓S3去辦公室取作業(yè)。)
T:Did you have a good summer holiday,S4?
S4:Yes.
T:Where have you been?
S4:I have been to...
T:Bythe way,where is S3?
S4:He has gone tothe teacher’s office.
3.播放1a錄音,回答幻燈片上呈現(xiàn)的問題。以聽力的形式呈現(xiàn)1a的主要內(nèi)容。
T:Now,listen to 1a.Kangkang and his friends are talking about their different experiences duringthe holiday.Answer the followingquestions on the small blackboard.
(出示幻燈片。)
(1)Whohas just come back fromIndia,Sallyor Rita?
(2)Where has Jane been?
(3)Where has Kangkangbeen?
(4)Whoisn’t at school?
T:From1a,we knowsomeone has just come back from India.Whois she,Sallyor Rita?
(教師加重語氣讀hasjust come back。)
S5:Rita.
T:Yes.You have the right answer.Rita has been to her hometown in India in her summer holiday.But now she is in China.We can say she has been to India.Where has Jane been?
S6:Mount Huang.
(教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)。)
T:Yes.She has been to Mount Huang.Where has Kangkangbeen?
S7:He has been toan English summer school.
4.重放1a錄音,總結(jié)重點(diǎn)句型。
T:Listen to the tape again.And then talk about what they have done.
Rita has just come back fromIndia.She has been to...
Jane has been to...Kangkanghas been to...
Maria isn’t at school.She has gone to...
T:Weknowthe“Presentperfect”accordingtoyour studyinganddiscussing.Nowreadthedialogueof1aon Page1inyour groupwiththetasks.(出示幻燈片。)
Find out:
a:The sentences with Present perfect tense then underline themonthebook.
b:Newwordsandphrases:proper,volunteer,bytheway,so many,have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto.
c:Thedifferencesbetween“have/hasbeento”and“have/has goneto”.
T:In groups.read the dialogue in different roles with their tasks.thenfinishoff1band1c.
設(shè)計(jì)說明:通過創(chuàng)設(shè)語言情境并結(jié)合圖片和簡筆畫,讓學(xué)生在身臨其境的氛圍中體會(huì)have/has gone to和have/has been to的不同用法,分組討論并完成1b和1c,在完成本節(jié)的任務(wù)型教學(xué)的同時(shí)鞏固了1a的內(nèi)容,采用“以學(xué)帶學(xué)”的方式化解課時(shí)重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,教師只起到組織、輔導(dǎo)作用,將課堂真正歸還給學(xué)生。
StepⅣ:Practise
S1:have/has been to表示去過某地,現(xiàn)在在對話現(xiàn)場,強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在的影響。
S2:have/has gone to表示去了某地,現(xiàn)在不在對話現(xiàn)場,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。
T:look at the pictures on Page 2,practise them in your group in different roles,two students stand for their group to complete one of the parts.find which group is the best,then practise dialogue with the simple past tense and present perfect tense.
T:Whowill trytoact it out in front ofthe class?
(教師挑幾組學(xué)生進(jìn)行表演,并對學(xué)生進(jìn)行適時(shí)指導(dǎo)和鼓勵(lì)。)
Example:
S3:Where did you golast Summer holiday?
S4:I went tothe West Lake.
S3:(指S4問S5)Where has he been?
S4:He has been tothe West Lake.
S3:I went boatingon the lake.
S4:(指S3問S5)What did he/she dothere?
S5:He/She went boatingthere.
(教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生區(qū)別一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。)
設(shè)計(jì)說明:采取合作探究的方式,結(jié)合圖片鞏固難點(diǎn)句式,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的小組合作意識和團(tuán)隊(duì)精神,同時(shí)引入小組競爭,探討、補(bǔ)充各個(gè)小組的優(yōu)點(diǎn)及不足,在激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)動(dòng)力的同時(shí)讓他們意識到競爭,以適應(yīng)社會(huì)的發(fā)展。
StepⅤ:Summary
T:What have you learned in this class?
S1:Present Perfect tense.
S2:The differences between“have/has been to”and“have/has gone to”.
S3:The differences between simple past tense and present perfect tense.
設(shè)計(jì)說明:根據(jù)老師的提示,讓學(xué)生總結(jié)出本節(jié)所學(xué)的內(nèi)容,加深印象,為后幾節(jié)的學(xué)習(xí)起到拋磚引玉的作用。
StepⅥ:Homework
Write a survey report about the students’summer holidays,using the simple past tense and the present perfect tense.The report includes:(1)Where have you been?
(2)What did you do?
設(shè)計(jì)說明:課后鞏固兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的句式,能夠根據(jù)自身經(jīng)歷恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用,將語法知識融于生活實(shí)際,達(dá)到活學(xué)活用的目的,以保持學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的興趣。
本節(jié)課從整體效果上看,達(dá)到了預(yù)期的目的,能夠盡可能地鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生參與并張口表達(dá)。在教師的引導(dǎo)下完成課時(shí)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容的消化及運(yùn)用。與此同時(shí)也體現(xiàn)出了一些值得在今后的教學(xué)中改進(jìn)和完善的地方。
1.進(jìn)一步提升語法教學(xué)的趣味性
淡化語法并不等于忽視語法教學(xué),要盡量創(chuàng)設(shè)語言情境,讓學(xué)生有一種身臨其境的感覺再去運(yùn)用語法知識,而不是去背語法的構(gòu)成及意義等。
2.互動(dòng)面仍存在死角
在教學(xué)中,雖然進(jìn)行了分組活動(dòng),但部分基礎(chǔ)差的學(xué)生活動(dòng)得并不是很好,鼓勵(lì)性的語言使用得較少。教師要給學(xué)生充分的信心去表述而不是急于補(bǔ)充。
3.急于完成課時(shí)內(nèi)容,鞏固較少
本節(jié)課如能利用多媒體課件輔以適當(dāng)?shù)牧?xí)題鞏固,把中考精神及課標(biāo)要求滲透到平時(shí)的教學(xué)中,效果可能會(huì)更好。
總之,在今后的教學(xué)中,我要揚(yáng)長避短,不斷地用更新的教學(xué)理念、教學(xué)方法、教學(xué)手段充實(shí)課堂,以達(dá)到更好的效果。