摘要: 高考中情態(tài)動詞是必考熱點,占有相當(dāng)重要的地位??碱}的形式也越來越多樣化。其中的could,might,would的用法更是重中之重。作者根據(jù)多年經(jīng)驗結(jié)合高考題對其用法做總結(jié)。
關(guān)鍵詞: 高考題 情態(tài)動詞 動詞熱點 剖析方法
一、could/might/would+do
(一)Could的用法
1.表示推測“可能”用于各種句型
You could be right,but I don’t agree with you.
2.用于比較委婉地提出請求
—Could you lend me some money?—Yes,you can.
(二)Might的用法
1.(可以)表示允許
Might I ask for a photograph of Mr Green
2.(表示推測)或許,可能。用于肯定句或否定句
He might be from Canada.
—I don’t really like James.Why did you invite him
—Don’t worry.He come.He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.[2011北京]
A.must not B.need not C.would not D.might not
解析:句意:——我真不喜歡James。你為何請他?—別擔(dān)心。他可能來不了。他說計劃還沒安排好。題干中的he wasn’t certain說明他可能不來,故用might not。選D。
3.用于固定表達(dá):might as well do sth不妨……
(三)Would的用法
1.作為will的過去式構(gòu)成過去將來時
I knew you would agree.我知道你會同意的。
2.表示過去的習(xí)慣動作(會……常?!?/p>
He would sit there for hours sometimes,doing nothing at all.
3.用于過去的否定句中表示拒絕或無此習(xí)慣“不肯,總是不”。
He wouldn’t give the names of his partners.他拒絕說伙伴們的名字。
—Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night[2011重慶]
—I wanted to,but my mom simply not let me out so late at night.
A.could B.might C.would D.should
解析:句意“ 昨晚你為什么沒來參加Simon的聚會?——我想來的,但我媽媽就是不肯讓我這么晚出來。”根據(jù)題意選C。
二、Could/might/would+have done
(一)could have done
1.could have done表示對過去發(fā)生的行為的懷疑或否定。
He couldn’t have finished so much work in so short a time.
他不可能在這么短的時間內(nèi)完成如此多的工作。
Where can/could they have gone?他們會到哪兒去了呢?
2.Could have done還表示“過去本來能夠做,但實際上未做”。
We could have gone there on foot.A taxi wasn’t necessary at 11.
本來我們可以走著去那兒,根本沒有必要乘出租車。
I through that bitter period without your generous help.[2011陜西]
A.couldn’t have gone B.didn’t go
C.wouldn’t go D.hadn’t gone
解析:句意“沒有你的慷慨幫助,我本不可能度過那段痛苦的時期的。”That bitter period表示過去的時間,根據(jù)題意選A。
(二)might have done
1.表示對過去所發(fā)生事情的推測
He may have said so.他可能這么說過。
2.might have done還表示“過去本可能發(fā)生,但實際上未發(fā)生”?
That was too dangerous.You might have killed yourself.
那太危險了。你當(dāng)時可能會喪命的。
——I left my handbag on the train,but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
——How unbelievable to get it back!I mean,someone it.[2011江蘇]
A.will have stolen B.might have stolen
C.should have stolen D.must have stolen
解析:句意“——我把手提包落火車上了。但幸運的是,有人拾到交給了鐵路部門?!Ф鴱?fù)得,簡直難以置信!我是說,本來可能有人會偷了去?!备鶕?jù)句意選B。
(三)would have done
表示對過去事情的假設(shè)“過去本會……但實際上沒”。
I would have lent you the money,but you didn’t ask me.
我本來會借錢給你,但是你沒有問我。
Without your help,I wouldn’t have achieved so much.
沒有你的幫助,我是不會取得如此大的成績。
—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.
—I it,but I was busy preparing for a job interview.[2011福建]
A.attended B.had attended
C.would sttend D.would have attended
解析:句意“—真可惜你錯過了那場有關(guān)核污染的講座。—我本可以去聽的,但我當(dāng)時忙于工作面試。”根據(jù)題意選D。