句子：外交部發(fā)言人在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上回答了外國(guó)記者提出的關(guān)于氣候變化的問題。

誤譯：The Speaker of the Foreign Ministry answered the questions raised by international reporters about climate change at the press conference.

正譯：The Spokesman of the Foreign Ministry answered the questions raised by international reporters about climate change at the press conference.

解釋：“發(fā)言人”是“代表某一團(tuán)體或組織發(fā)表意見的人”，譯為 speaker是不合適的。speaker 第一個(gè)意思是a person who gives a talk or makes a speech，即“講演者”或“發(fā)言者”。speaker第二個(gè)意思是the presiding officer in a legislative assembly or legislative body，即“立法機(jī)構(gòu)的主持官員”，譯為“議長(zhǎng)”，要用大寫?！鞍l(fā)言人”應(yīng)譯為spokesman, spokeswoman, spokesperson，如：

1. 這位發(fā)言人拒絕對(duì)這個(gè)問題進(jìn)行評(píng)論。The spokesman declined to comment on this issue.

“發(fā)言”第一個(gè)意思是“發(fā)表意見”，用作動(dòng)詞，可以譯為to speak, to make a speech, to take the floor。如：2. 我在會(huì)上積極發(fā)言，表達(dá)了我的觀點(diǎn)。I made an active speech at the meeting, expressing my views.

“發(fā)言者”可譯為 speaker。如：3. 許多發(fā)言者在會(huì)議上強(qiáng)烈抨擊了這個(gè)建議。Many speakers strongly attacked this proposal at the meeting.

“發(fā)言”第二個(gè)意思是“發(fā)表的意見”，用作名詞?？梢宰g為 speech。例如：4. 他在大會(huì)上的發(fā)言正好切題。The speech he made at the meeting was just to the point.

“發(fā)言權(quán)”，可譯為right to speak, right of speech 或voice。如：5. 過去，婦女的發(fā)言權(quán)被剝奪，她們的希望被人不屑一顧。In the past, women's voices were silenced and their hopes were dismissed.▲

（本欄目供稿：王逢鑫教授）