中考英語試題對動詞不定式的考查是必不可少的。為幫助同學(xué)們學(xué)好、用好動詞不定式，本文以一些試題為例，談?wù)勚锌加⒄Z對動詞不定式的考查熱點。

一、考查動詞不定式作主語

1. It’s our duty______the room every day.

A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans

2. It’s hard for us______English well.

A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning

3. It will take the workers over a year______the flyover.

A. build B. to buildC. be buildingD. have built

4. It’s very nice______you to get me two tickets______the World Cup.

A. for，of B. of，for C. to，for D. of，to

Key：1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B

[簡析] 用it作形式主語時，真正的主語常常是后面的動詞不定式。以上四例代表了四種句式：(1) It is + 名詞 (for sb) to do sth. (2) It is + 形容詞 (for sb) to do sth. (3) It takes sb some time to do sth. (4) It is + 形容詞 (of sb) to do sth. 句式(4)中作表語用的形容詞多為nice，kind，clever，good，right，wrong，foolish，careless等，句式(2)中作表語用的形容詞多為hard，difficult，easy，important等。

二、考查動詞不定式作賓語

1. He wants______some vegetables.

A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys

2. Don’t forget______your homework with you when you come to school.

A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking

3. He found it very difficult______.

A. sleeping B. sleeps

C. slept D. to fall asleep

Key：1. C 2. A 3. D

[簡析] 在want，like，agree，hope，wish，learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等動詞后面，可以接動詞不定式作賓語。如果賓語后面還有形容詞作賓語補足語，則可以用it作形式賓語，而把作真正賓語用的動詞不定式置于句末。

三、考查動詞不定式作賓語補足語

1. Robert often asks us______his Chinese，so his Chinese is much better than before.

A. help him B. to help him with

C. to help with D. helps him with

2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends______Chinese food.

A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked

Key：1. B 2. C

[簡析] 在ask，teach，expect，tell，allow等動詞后面可用動詞不定式作賓語補足語。

四、考查動詞不定式作狀語

1. She went______her teacher.

A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing

2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best______English well.

A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns

Key：1. A 2. C

[簡析] go，come，try，do/try one’s best等動詞或短語動詞作謂語時，其后常可接動詞不定式作目的狀語。

3. I’m sorry______that.

A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear

4. My mother was very glad______her old friend.

A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets

Key：3. D 4. A

[簡析] “be + 形容詞 + to do sth”結(jié)構(gòu)中的to do sth?？捎米髟驙钫Z。

五、考查動詞不定式作定語

1. Would you like something______?

A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks

2. I have a lot of homework______.

A. do B. doing C. did D. to do

3. He is not an easy man______.

A. get on B. to get on

C. get on with D. to get on with

Key：1. C 2. D 3. D

[簡析] 動詞不定式作定語時，需要后置，它與被修飾的詞語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系、動賓關(guān)系或動狀關(guān)系；如果動詞不定式的動詞是不及物動詞，其后要加上必要的介詞或副詞。這樣構(gòu)成的短語動詞在意義上相當于及物動詞。

六、考查不帶to的動詞不定式

1. We saw him______the building and go upstairs.

A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered

2. So much work usually makes them______very tired.

A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel

3. Your father is sleeping. You’d better______.

A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him

C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up

4. I was made______my homework in the afternoon.

A. do B. doing C. to do D. did

Key：1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C

[簡析] 1. 在see，watch，hear，feel等感官動詞和make，have，let等使役動詞后面作賓語補足語的動詞不定式不帶to。 若將這些感官動詞和使役動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，則在其后作主語補足語的動詞不定式要帶to。 2. 在“had better”后面也應(yīng)接不帶to的動詞不定式。

七、考查動詞不定式否定式的構(gòu)成

1. Mr Black asked the man______the queue.

A. not to jump B. to not jump

C. didn’t jump D. not jump

2. The old man told the child______noisy.

A. not be B. not to be

C. to not be D. be not

3. There is going to______an important meeting tomorrow. Please try______late.

A. have；not to be B. have；not be

C. be；not to be D. be；not be

Key：1. A 2. B 3. C

[簡析] 在動詞不定式符號to的前面加上not，就可構(gòu)成動詞不定式的否定式。如果要構(gòu)成不帶to的動詞不定式的否定式，就直接在動詞原形前面加上not。

八、考查某些動詞后面接不定式和接動詞-ing形式時意義上的差別

1. Please stop______a rest if you feel tired.

A. to have B. having C. have D. has

2. —Why didn’t you buy some bread on your way home?

—Sorry，I forgot______some money with me.

A. take B. taking C. to take D. took

3. —Let’s have a rest，shall we?

—Not now，I can’t stop______the letters.

A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write

4. Jim was badly hurt，so he had to stop______(walk). (用所給單詞的正確形式填空)

Key：1. A 2. C 3. C 4. walking

[簡析] “stop to do sth”意為“停止正在做的事情去做另外一件事”，“stop doing sth”意為“停止做某事”；“remember to do sth”意為“記住去做某事”(事還未做)，“remember doing sth”意為“記得做過某事”(事已做)；“go on to do sth”意為“接著去做某事”(做完一件事，接著做另一件事)，“go on doing sth”意為“繼續(xù)做某事”(一件事未做完接著往下做)；“forget to do sth”意為“忘了做某事”(事還未做)，“forget doing sth”意為“忘了曾經(jīng)做過某事”(事已做)。

5. When I was walking in the street I saw a plane______over my head.

A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly

6. A woman saw it______when she was walking past.

A. happen B. happens C. happening D. to happen

Key：5. B 6. A

[簡析] 在see，hear，watch，feel等感官動詞后面可接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，也可接動詞的-ing形式作賓語補足語。動詞不定式表示動作的全過程(動作已結(jié)束)，動詞的-ing形式表示動作當時正在進行(動作尚未結(jié)束)。

九、考查動詞不定式的省略形式及其符號to的保留

1. —Would you like to go to the cinema with us?

—Yes，______. What time are we going to meet?

A. I would B. I would like

C. I like to D. I’d like to

2. —Would you like to go for a picnic with us?

—______. What time are we going to meet?

A. No，I can’t B. Yes，I’m glad

C. Yes，I’d love to D. I’d like

Key：1. D 2. C

[簡析] 在口語中，動詞不定式的動詞或短語動詞在上下文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)時，第二個動詞不定式中的動詞原形可以省略，但是動詞不定式符號to不可省略。這種用法常見于“be glad to”，“would like (love) to”，“have to”等結(jié)構(gòu)中。

十、考查動詞不定式的被動式

The new hospital______is near the factory.

A. build B. builds C. to build D. to be built

Key：D

[簡析] 動詞不定式有主動形式，也有被動形式。其被動形式的構(gòu)成模式為“to be + 過去分詞”。