在上期考試大全中，我們對四級聽力做出了相關(guān)詞匯總結(jié)，應(yīng)對考試，不僅要有一定的詞匯量，還要有一定的答題技巧。四級聽力中針對句型方面的考題越來越靈活，但不管怎么變換都是一如既往地貫徹幾大常見的出題思路及基本句型。本期考試大全歸納出四級聽力中?？嫉木湫停謩e有：表示肯定與否定（包括轉(zhuǎn)折、虛擬、反問）、反意疑問、條件、因果等句型。另外，本期還就四級寫作集結(jié)了一些優(yōu)秀句型，以供備考。

聽力句型篇

● 表示肯定與否定的句型

四級聽力中往往有一些句子的意思很難把握，尤其是那些聽起來是肯定，但真實意思卻是否定，外表是否定表達的意思卻是肯定的句子。

形肯定意否定的句型：

1. I'd like to／I 'd love to， but… 轉(zhuǎn)折句型。

M: The students of English club is having a party on Saturday night. Can you come？

W: I would like to， but I work at a restaurant on weekends．

But引出轉(zhuǎn)折，表明女士周末不能參加派對。

M: Shall we eat in the school dining-room tonight？

W: I'd like to， but the Western food doesn't agree with me. Let's go to a Chinese restaurant for a change.

考察重點是but后的內(nèi)容，表示女士不習(xí)慣西餐，不贊同男士的建議。

除了使說話人態(tài)度及談?wù)撝攸c發(fā)生180度轉(zhuǎn)彎的but 外，還有yet， however， unfortunately， to be frank， frankly speaking， to tell you the truth等也表示轉(zhuǎn)折，考點往往是這些詞后面的內(nèi)容。

2. 虛擬語氣句型。表“本應(yīng)該、本可以（卻沒有）”，放在一定的語言環(huán)境中表否定。

M: If the meeting was over eariler， I could have been home by 6：00.

W: What a pity! John was here to see you.

字面意思是如果會議早點開完，就可以早點到家了，但是事實上因為會議沒有早些開完，沒能及時回家。

M: Do you like physics?

W: Well， I wish it were interesting.

女士認為物理一點也沒有趣.。

M: I need a bike today， but mine has a flat tyre.

W: I'm sorry to hear that. I would have lent you if Bill hadn't taken it away.

意思是比爾借走了自行車，所以不能借給你。

3. 由last構(gòu)成的特殊句型，字面意思是“是最后一個的”，但真正的意思是“是最不可能的”。

M: Would you like to go mountain climbing with us？

W: That's the last thing in the world I want to do.

字面意思指爬山是這世界上我最后想做的事，實際上表示我根本不想去爬山。

M: I heard Tom was the man who robbed Mr. Smith's house.

W: But I think he is the last one to do such a thing.

意思是他根本不可能做這件事。

形否定意肯定的句型：

1. Why don't you／Why not…? 反問句式。意思是“為什么不呢？”，表達的是一個肯定概念，表示建議做某事。

M: I don't know what to get for your father. He has just about everything， doesn't he？Do you have any suggestions？

W: Why don't you get him a pocket calculator？

表示建議給他買個袖珍計算器。

2. Do you mind…? 問句的回答: No， of course not或者Not at all。字面上是否定，而且也理解為“不介意”，但在具體語境中，通常都理解為肯定，意思是允許、同意對方做其想做的事。

M: Do you mind if I borrow your note?

W: No， of course not. They are on my desk.

表示允許對方借筆記。

3. Not…until…句式。理解為“直到……才?！?/p>

M: When can the doctor see me?

W: He won't be free until tomorrow.

意思是直到明天他才能見你。

4. Not…more／better構(gòu)成的特殊句型。指不可能有比這樣更好的情況發(fā)生了，事實上說話者對此表示贊許、肯定。

M: I think it's high time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving now.

W: I can't agree with you more. You see countless innocent people are killed by drunk drivers each year.

意思是說女士非常贊同男士的觀點。

M: How is your business，Bob?

W: Sales have never been better.

意思是說生意相當(dāng)不錯。

5. Without a doubt，With no doubt ，No problem等作為回答的否定句型。這些句型，在語境中通常表示肯定的意思，指“沒問題，肯定是這樣的”。

M: Do you think we have to review the chapter of Industrial Revolution?

W: Without a doubt， it will be on the exam.

意思是說當(dāng)然要復(fù)習(xí)，這將會出現(xiàn)在考試當(dāng)中。

M: Do you think you could have this skirt ready by Thursday morning?

W: No problem. You can come and fetch it.

意思是說沒問題，你可以過來拿。

6. 由no…but，nothing…but等表示肯定意義的雙重否定句型。

M: Are there any one will go to pick him up?

W: Nobody but Jim will be there.

意思是只有吉姆會去。

M: That girl eloped with her lover and went to Europe.

W: Unfortunately， they were trapped in poverty. They have nothing but love.

意思是什么都沒有，只有愛情。

● 反意疑問句型

反意疑問句又叫附加疑問句，是指當(dāng)提問的人對前面所敘述的事實不敢肯定，而需要向?qū)Ψ郊右宰C實時所提出的問句，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定。

You have been to Beijing， haven't you? 你去過北京，是嗎？

There are some bananas in the basket， aren't there? 籃子里有一些香蕉，是嗎？

考點在于對問句所做的回答。

M: Jime seldom dose his homework at school on weekends， does he?

W1: No， he dosen't.

W2: Yes ，he does.

Seldom是否定的意思，女士1的回答與男士觀點一致，表示否定，贊同男士的觀點，女士2的回答與男士觀點不一致，表示不贊成男士的觀點。反意疑問句是四級聽力重點之一，考題會問道：What does the woman mean? 或 Does the woman agree with what the man said? 這一句型的意思容易混淆，應(yīng)該謹慎，更多例子如下：

M: He likes playing football， doesn't he? 他喜歡踢足球，是嗎？

W: Yes， he does. / No， he doesn't. 是，他喜歡。/ 不是，他不喜歡。

M: His sister didn't attend the meeting， did she? 他妹妹沒有參加會議，是嗎？

W: Yes， she did. / No， she didn't. 不，她參加了。/ 是的，她沒參加

● 由if構(gòu)成的條件句型

條件句包括真實條件句和虛擬條件句?？忌⒁馀袛嗨o條件為真實條件句還是虛擬條件句，找出句子的時態(tài)。

W: If I buy some plants for the house， will you water them for me while I am away?

M: Sure， I will， if you water mine while I'm on vacations.

條件句型由if引導(dǎo)，后面跟的是陳述語氣，屬于真實條件句，所以男士實際上是答應(yīng)了女士的請求。

W: He hasn't called me for weeks.

M: If I were you， I would go to look for him.

由if引導(dǎo)，后面跟的是虛擬語氣，屬虛擬條件句，意思是說如果我是你，就會去找他。

W: Did you win the game?

M: If only our team had scored one more point!

由if only引導(dǎo)，后面跟的是虛擬語氣，屬虛擬條件句，意思是說要是我們多得一分就好了！言外之意是指我們沒有贏得比賽。

● 因果邏輯句型

在四級聽力測試中，有關(guān)原因及結(jié)果或引起與被引起的關(guān)系的考題比重很大，考生若是對此類問題加強認識，對提高聽力大有裨益。

體現(xiàn)原因的詞有：because，as，due to，on account of，in that，so…that，such…that，now that，thanks to，owing to，result in，give rise to等等。這些詞或詞組構(gòu)成的句型很重要。

M: I can't believe you are so great.

W: I got such a good performance owing to my friends' help.

意思是說良好的表現(xiàn)歸功于朋友的幫助。

M: The crime rate is very high in those countries.

W: Yes， poverty will always give rise to crimes.

意思是說貧窮總是導(dǎo)致犯罪。

掌握好因果邏輯關(guān)系，有助于更加輕松順暢地理解文章及對話，考生應(yīng)對起過渡性作用的原因詞細心謹慎。