要聞?wù)?/p>
跨越千年,飛躍千里,歷盡千辛,1999到2008,神一到神七,它們記錄著中國(guó)的飛天夢(mèng),見(jiàn)證著中國(guó)的進(jìn)步與發(fā)展,彰顯著中國(guó)人的智慧與堅(jiān)持。
從初試啼聲的神一到正樣飛船神二,從百折不撓的神三到突破低溫的神四,從夢(mèng)圓在即的神五到承上啟下的神六,九年磨一劍,如今,搭載著翟志剛、劉伯明和景海鵬三名宇航員的神舟七號(hào)翱翔于太空,助中華兒女在瀚海宇宙印刻中國(guó)腳步。我們?yōu)橹鸷?,我們?yōu)橹湴?,我們?yōu)橹院溃驗(yàn)槲覀冇兄淮斡忠淮蔚臋C(jī)會(huì),站得更高,飛得更遠(yuǎn),看得更廣,來(lái)回眸我們國(guó)家,我們民族,我們?nèi)祟?lèi)。
航天技術(shù)屢屢突破,我們的追月之旅也越走越遠(yuǎn),中國(guó)人跨越古今的問(wèn)天精神是不是也會(huì)給我們些許啟示、些許激勵(lì)、些許力量?
#8226;神州七號(hào)Shenzhou VII
神州七號(hào)在英文中為“Shenzhou VII (spacecraft)”,相似的神州五號(hào)是“Shenzhou V (spacecraft)”,以此類(lèi)推。
例1:The launching of Shenzhou VII from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Gansu Province, which is in western China, was shown live on state television.
神州七號(hào)在位于中國(guó)西部甘肅省的酒泉發(fā)射基地發(fā)射;國(guó)家電視臺(tái)對(duì)發(fā)射過(guò)程進(jìn)行了直播。
例2:The Chinese Shenzhou VII spacecraft blasted off at 9:07 p.m. Thursday, carrying three Chinese astronauts into space on this country's third manned space mission in five years.
周二晚21:07分搭載三名航天員的神州七號(hào)飛船發(fā)射升空,執(zhí)行中國(guó)五年來(lái)第三次載人飛行任務(wù)。
#8226;太空漫步Spacewalk
“太空漫步”是艙外活動(dòng)(EVA,Extra-vehicular activity)之一,是宇航員在離開(kāi)地球大氣層后于太空飛行器外所做的工作。艙外活動(dòng)主要在繞行地球的太空飛行器外執(zhí)行(即太空漫步,spacewalk),但也于月球表面實(shí)行(即月球漫步,moonwalk)。艙外活動(dòng)有分系繩(tethered)和不系繩(untethered)。前者指宇航員通過(guò)系管與太空飛行器連結(jié),氧氣可透過(guò)系管傳輸過(guò)來(lái),回到太空飛行器時(shí)不需要推進(jìn)器。艙外活動(dòng)十分危險(xiǎn),因此基本都盡可能采取“系繩”方式。
例:Astronaut Zhai Zhigang is scheduled to attempt the spacewalk over the weekend, according to the state-run New China News Agency and CCTV. The spacewalk is aimed at helping China learn how to dock two orbiters to create an orbiting space station over the next few years.
據(jù)新華社和中央電視臺(tái)報(bào)道,宇航員翟志剛預(yù)計(jì)在周末進(jìn)行太空行走;此次太空行走力求協(xié)助中國(guó)掌握兩顆衛(wèi)星的對(duì)接技術(shù),在未來(lái)幾年建立軌道空間站。
#8226;航天員Taikonaut
航天員用英語(yǔ)原有兩個(gè)表達(dá):astronaut和cosmonaut,前者一般用于描述美國(guó)的宇航員,而后者則用來(lái)表示俄羅斯宇航員;而神五之后,中國(guó)媒體廣泛采用taikonaut一詞,中國(guó)終于有了自己的太空人,而這一說(shuō)法也逐漸為外國(guó)媒體所接受。
例1:The three taikonauts - the Chinese term for astronauts - plan to run tests in space and launch a small satellite monitoring station. They are carrying traditional Chinese medicine on board, in case of sickness, and their diet includes kung pao chicken and grilled beef with spicy sauce。
三位太空人——漢語(yǔ)中“宇航員”的意思,計(jì)劃進(jìn)行太空科學(xué)試驗(yàn),發(fā)射小型監(jiān)測(cè)衛(wèi)星;他們攜帶著中藥以防身體不適;食品包括宮保雞丁和辣牛肉。
例2:Hours before the launch, the astronauts - three 42-year-old fighter pilots - sat inside the spacecraft, appearing relaxed as they read from a checklist and waved to a TV camera.
在發(fā)射前的幾小時(shí),宇航員們,三名42歲的戰(zhàn)機(jī)飛行員,坐在艙內(nèi),表現(xiàn)得十分輕松,一邊查看手冊(cè)一邊對(duì)著攝像機(jī)揮手。
#8226;航天服 Space suit
#8226;艙外宇航服 EVA space suit
例1:Space suits, one Chinese, the other Russian-made, were fully functional, while all three astronauts aboard the capsule were in good health.
宇航服,一套由中國(guó)制造,另外兩套由俄國(guó)制造,功能非常完善;艙內(nèi)三名宇航員健康狀態(tài)良好。
例2:It is reported that Zhai, the son of a snack vendor, will wear a Chinese-designed space suit, named after a flying Buddhist goddess and with a price tag of 30 million yuan. The indigenously developed Chinese-made Feitian space suit will be used for the EVA.
據(jù)報(bào)道,翟志剛,一名小吃店老板的兒子,將穿著中國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)的航天服;航天服以佛教一位仙女命名,價(jià)值3000萬(wàn)。這件中國(guó)本土制的飛天號(hào)宇航服將用于艙外活動(dòng)。
#8226;太空廁所 Space toilet
“神七”之前,宇航員們只需要在太空停留一天。此次宇航員將進(jìn)行太空行走,在太空艙停留時(shí)間較長(zhǎng),因此廁所成為必備之品。太空廁所的表達(dá)是space toilet。
例:As they ready for the space walk the trio are testing the country's first ever space toilet. Astronauts aboard China's previous two manned missions had to wear diapers.
在已準(zhǔn)備好太空行走之時(shí),三人組正在檢測(cè)中國(guó)第一個(gè)太空廁所。而執(zhí)行前兩次載人航天任務(wù)的兩位宇航員則不得不穿尿不濕。
#8226;載人飛船Manned spacecraft
#8226;載人飛行Manned spaceflight
例:China's first unmanned experimental spacecraft - \"Shenzhou\" - was successfully launched and recovered between November 20 and 21, 1999, symbolizing a breakthrough in the basic technologies of manned spacecraft and a significant step forward in the field of manned spaceflight.
1999年11月20日至21日,中國(guó)成功地發(fā)射并回收了第一艘“神舟”號(hào)無(wú)人試驗(yàn)飛船,標(biāo)志著中國(guó)已突破了載人飛船的基本技術(shù),在載人航天領(lǐng)域邁出了重要步伐。
#8226;運(yùn)載火箭Launch vehicle/Carrier rocket
例1:In spaceflight, a launch vehicle or carrier rocket is a rocket used to carry a payload from the Earth's surface into outer space.
載人飛行中,運(yùn)載火箭被用來(lái)將有效載荷由地表運(yùn)至外太空。
例2:Three crew members inside a Shenzhou spacecraft were launched on September 25, 2008 on a Long March 2F (CZ-2F) launch vehicle.
搭載三名航天員的神州飛船由長(zhǎng)征二號(hào)F運(yùn)載火箭于2008年9月25日發(fā)射升空。
注:長(zhǎng)征系列運(yùn)載火箭也可直接稱作Chang Zheng/CZ launch vehicle。
#8226;火箭逃逸系統(tǒng)Launch Escape System
例:A Launch Escape System (LES) is a top-mounted rocket connected to the crew module of a crewed spacecraft and used to quickly separate the crew module from the rest of the rocket in case of emergency.
火箭逃逸系統(tǒng)置于其頂部,與載人飛船的乘員艙相連,在緊急情況下可將乘員艙與火箭其它部分迅速分離逃生。
#8226;空間站Space station
#8226;國(guó)際空間站International space station
例:China aims to set up a permanent space station, possibly in the next decade, but will first build a smaller orbiting lab. A space station would be a badge of China's status as a high-tech power and serve as a platform for winning a share of space-based resources and innovations, the country's scientists have said.
中國(guó)意在未來(lái)十年內(nèi)建立一個(gè)永久性空間站,但首先會(huì)建立一個(gè)小型軌道實(shí)驗(yàn)室。中國(guó)的科學(xué)家表示空間站將成為中國(guó)高科技的象征和其參與太空資源開(kāi)發(fā)和創(chuàng)新研究的平臺(tái)。