These great detective books have a unique linguistic history. The author, Dutchman Robert van Gulik, originally translated a collection of Ming-dynasty detective tales about the famous Chinese magistrate Di Renjie (狄仁傑). He then started writing a series of tales about Judge Dee himself, in English and slightly adapted to Western tastes, finishing the series before his tragically early death in 1967. Now, the series has been translated back into Chinese!
一系列有著獨(dú)特語言淵源的偵探小說。作者是荷蘭人羅伯特#8226;漢斯#8226;范#8226;古利克(漢名高羅佩),他最初翻譯了一本關(guān)于中國名相狄仁杰的明代公案小說。隨后他開始用英語創(chuàng)作一系列狄公的故事,并稍作修改,使之更符合西方人的口味,在1967年早逝之前,完成了這一系列故事?,F(xiàn)在這套作品被重新譯回中文!
The stories are mainly set while Dee is stationed in a number of (fictional) Chinese cities.Although the stories take place during the Tang, when the real Di Renjie lived, the customs depicted are often deliberately anachronistic, like the Ming-era detective tales van Gulik based his work on. Dee is assisted by three helpers; the powerful martial artists Ma Joong and Chiao Tai, and the cunning ex-con artist Tao Gan. With their aid, he solves complicated and bloody murders, which often turn out to be plots against the safety of the empire.
故事主要發(fā)生在狄公所到的一系列中國城市(多數(shù)是虛構(gòu)的)。雖然故事發(fā)生在唐代,即真人狄仁杰所在的朝代,但是所展現(xiàn)的風(fēng)俗卻時(shí)常被刻意變更了年代(明代),像高羅佩取材的明代公案小說一樣。狄公有三位助手,功夫高手馬榮、喬泰和狡猾的原雞鳴狗盜之徒的陶干。在他們的幫助下,狄公破解了一系列復(fù)雜血腥的謀殺案,這些謀殺案大多被證實(shí)是針對(duì)皇帝的陰謀。
The first series of stories, all titled \"The Chinese X Murders\" (The Chinese Gold Murders, the Chinese Lake Murders, the Chinese Nail Murders, etc) are cleverly crafted, but van Gulik was still uncomfortable in English and getting used to the characters involved. The later books, which normally feature just Judge Dee and one of his assistants, are small masterworks, and cover a whole range of ancient Chinese experience, from Arab pirates in Canton to lesbian poetesses and drunken artists. Van Gulik, who was also an expert on Ming erotica, did the drawings, often featuring tastefully naked girls, for the books himself; he was also deeply interested in Chinese philosophy and religion, and often incorporated Buddhist and Daoist ideas into the books. The finest of the series is probably Necklace and Calabash, a beautiful tale of imperial intrigue and murder, but all of them are worth reading.
這些故事的第一個(gè)系列,都以“中國…奇案”命名(《黃金奇案》、《湖濱奇案》、《鐵釘奇案》等),情節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)巧妙,但是高羅佩的英語寫作還不夠自然,人物塑造不足。隨后的作品,多以狄公和一位助手為主線,可謂小有所成,故事涵蓋了中國古人的很多經(jīng)歷,從廣東的阿拉伯大盜、女同性戀詩人到爛醉的藝術(shù)家。高羅佩也是明代春宮圖的行家,為作品自畫插圖,常常都是裸體的妙齡女郎。他對(duì)中國的哲學(xué)和宗教也頗有造詣,常常在作品中融入佛家和道家思想。系列故事中最出色的可能要算《玉珠串奇案》,關(guān)于皇室陰謀與謀殺的傳奇故事,但這些作品都值得一讀。
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Robert van Gulik高羅佩
Robert H. van Gulik,漢名高羅佩,1910年生于荷蘭,1967年逝于荷蘭海牙。是名荷蘭外交官,亦為著名漢學(xué)家。
1935年進(jìn)入荷蘭外交部工作到去世為止,他一直是個(gè)職業(yè)外交官,通曉15種語言(荷蘭文、印度尼西亞文、日文、中文等),待過日本、中國、開羅、黎巴嫩、馬來西亞等地,派駐中國期間(1943)與曾任京奉鐵道局局長水鈞紹之女水世芳結(jié)婚。
高羅佩大學(xué)時(shí)期主修東方文化史,十分喜愛中國文化,能奏古琴(師承中國古琴大師葉詩夢(mèng),撰寫《琴道》一書,旁征博引將各種琴學(xué)論述、古琴樂譜,搜羅成書),下筆文言,吟詩作對(duì),寫過許多討論唐詩、六朝志怪、赤壁賦的著作。
在重慶時(shí),高羅佩讀到一本清初公案小說《武則天四大奇案》,他對(duì)其主人公狄仁杰屢破奇案大為折服,于是將其翻譯為英文,于1949年在東京出版。后來高羅佩另行創(chuàng)作狄仁杰斷案的故事,共寫了16個(gè)中長篇和8個(gè)短篇,在西方風(fēng)靡一時(shí),不斷再版?!洞筇频夜浮饭灿兴谋荆?.四漆屏 2.淫僧記 3.跛腳乞丐 4.太子棺。作者筆下的狄公迥異于中國傳統(tǒng)公案小說中的“青天大老爺”,他有獨(dú)到的辦案風(fēng)格:重效率而輕縟節(jié),講操守而又善變通,重調(diào)查推理,而不主觀妄斷。狄仁杰斷案如神,被西方讀者稱為“中國的福爾摩斯”?!洞筇频胰式軘喟競髌妗吩谏鲜兰o(jì)80年代初被介紹到中國,2006年再版時(shí)更名為《大唐狄公案》。
除《狄公案》外,高羅佩最被注意的作品是《秘戲圖考》(Erotic Colour Prints of the Ming Period,1951)、《中國古代房內(nèi)考》(Sexual Life in Ancient China,1961)、《琵琶考》(The Lore of the Chinese Lute)、《長臂猿考》(The Gibbon in China)等著作?!睹貞驁D考》、《中國古代房內(nèi)考》二書,更是中外漢學(xué)家用來了解中國傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)兩性生活的重要作品。