史哲官

“be going to”結(jié)構(gòu)是本單元中的重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目，它常用來(lái)表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要做的事或預(yù)測(cè)將要發(fā)生的事，使用此結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)應(yīng)關(guān)注以下幾點(diǎn)：

聚焦一、be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)：

在be going to結(jié)構(gòu)中，be是助動(dòng)詞，無(wú)詞義，但要與主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)保持一致，有am, is, are三種形式，to為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)，后須接動(dòng)詞原形。如：

Im going to play basketball with my friends this afternoon.

我打算下午和朋友一起打籃球。

聚焦二、be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)的意義：

1．be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)表示主觀上打算、安排在最近或?qū)?lái)要做的事，意為“打算做某事”。如：

Were going to have a picnic this Sunday.

我們打算這個(gè)星期天去野餐。

2．be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)也可表示根據(jù)客觀上的某種跡象來(lái)判斷近期將要發(fā)生的事情。如：

Look at the black clouds! Its going to rain.

看那片烏云！要下雨了。

聚焦三、be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)的句式變化：

be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)的句式變化見下表：

例如：

Han Mei is going to visit her grandparents this weekend.

→Han Mei isnt going to visit her grandparents this weekend.

→Is Han Mei going to visit her grandparents this weekend?

(Yes, she is./No, she isnt.)

→What is Han Mei going to do this weekend?

聚焦四、與be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：

be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)表示經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)先思考后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或有跡象表明將要發(fā)生的事情。因此，它常與this afternoon/evening，tonight，tomorrow（morning），the day after tomorrow，next week/year, next Saturday等表示將來(lái)意義的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

聚焦五、be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)與there be結(jié)構(gòu)：

be going to與there be合用時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)是“there is/are going to be”，切不可認(rèn)為是“there is/are going to have”，也不能丟了be。如：

今晚將有一場(chǎng)電影。

誤：There is going to have a film this evening.

誤：There is going to a film this evening.

正：There is going to be a film this evening.

正：There is a film this evening.

聚焦六、be going to結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊用法：

1．be going to后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞時(shí)，表示“打算（將要）去某地”，但后接地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)，應(yīng)省去to。如：

My uncle is going to Beijing next week. 我叔叔下周要去北京。

Im going home now. 我現(xiàn)在要回家。

2．表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞如come, go, leave, start, fly, arrive等，可直接用這些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，而不用be going to結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

誤：Im going to go dancing this evening.

正：Im going dancing this evening.

為了幫助同學(xué)們更好地理解和掌握be going to結(jié)構(gòu)的用法，現(xiàn)提供口訣一則，供參考：

be going to接原形，一般口語(yǔ)多常見；

計(jì)劃、安排和打算，通過(guò)現(xiàn)象來(lái)判斷。

be的形式要注意，它應(yīng)隨著主語(yǔ)變，

變否定，很簡(jiǎn)單，not 加在be后邊；

變疑問(wèn)，須記清，be 應(yīng)提到主語(yǔ)前。

有些詞，要仔細(xì)，come, go等表位移，

進(jìn)行時(shí)，表將來(lái)，特殊情況記下來(lái)。

通過(guò)以上學(xué)習(xí)，相信你一定了解和掌握了be going to結(jié)構(gòu)的意義和用法，有信心檢驗(yàn)一下嗎？Lets go!

【即時(shí)操練】

Ⅰ.下列各句均有錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正。

1. Tom doesnt going to see his friend tomorrow.

2. Im going to go there the day after tomorrow.

3. Li Kai is going to late.

4. There is going to have a party tonight.

5. Kate with her parents are going to visit the Great Wall this Sunday.

Ⅱ.請(qǐng)用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。

1. My brother usually ____ (go) to bed at 9:30.

2. We ____ (not have) bread for breakfast tomorrow morning.

3. ——____ your sister ____ (live) in Beijing?

——Yes, she does. But she ____ (come) back next month.

4. ——____ you ____ (go) shopping this weekend?

——No, Im not. I ____ (have) a picnic with my friends.

5. My family ____ (not visit) Shanghai in the summer holidays.

6. My brother ____ (leave) for Beijing next Monday morning.

7. There ____ (be) an English film this evening.

8. Zhang Hua and I ____ (play) computer games this afternoon.

9. On Sunday, Tingting usually ____ (help) to do housework. But next Sunday she ____ (do) some shopping.

10. Xiao Ming usually ____ (get) up at 6:00. Now she ____ (get) up. She ____ (get) up at 6:30 tomorrow morning.

Ⅲ.請(qǐng)按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求轉(zhuǎn)換下列各句。

1. Were going to have some classes this Saturday.（改為否定句）

We ____ going to have ____ classes this Saturday.

2. The students are going to play football next Friday.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句， 并作否定回答）

——____ the students ____ ____ ____ football next Friday?

——No, they ____.

3. Daniel often helps me with my English.（用tonight改寫句子）

Daniel ____ ____ ____ ____ me with my English tonight.

4. My parents are going to watch TV this evening.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）

____ ____ your parents ____ ____ ____ this evening?

5. Theyre going to hike on their field trip.（改為同義句）

Theyre ____ ____ on their field trip.

參考答案：

Ⅰ.1.doesnt→isnt 2.去掉to go 3.late前加be 4.have→be 5.are→is

Ⅱ.1.goes 2.arent going to have 3.Does, live, is coming 4.Are, going, am going to have 5.arent going to visit 6.is leaving 7.is (going to be) 8.are going to play 9.helps, is going to do 10.gets, is getting, is going to get

Ⅲ.1.arent, any 2.Are, going to play, arent 3.is going to help 4.What are, going to do 5.going hiking