數(shù)詞是中考命題的熱點(diǎn)之一,同學(xué)們期望決勝中考,可千萬(wàn)不能忽視這小小的數(shù)詞。下面我們就來(lái)了解數(shù)詞的一些基本用法。
1.基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞。其規(guī)律為:
1、2、3特殊記ffirst,second,third),加th從4起(fourth,fifth…),8少t,9去e,千萬(wàn)別忘記(eighth,ninth);遇5逢12,ve變f.(fifth,twelfth),整20列整90,y要變ie(twentieth,thirtieth,…);若是幾十幾,前基(基數(shù)詞)后序(序數(shù)詞)別記錯(cuò)(thirty-second)。
2.hundred,thousand,million,billion在構(gòu)成具體的數(shù)目時(shí)用單數(shù)形式。如:
three hundred people
ten millian travellers
只有在表達(dá)不確定的數(shù)目時(shí)才加s,構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:
hundreds of數(shù)以百計(jì)的,成百上千的
thousands of數(shù)以千計(jì)的,成千上萬(wàn)的
millions of數(shù)百萬(wàn)的
這些詞組前不能用具體數(shù)字,不過(guò)我們可以說(shuō)a few/many thousands/millions of…
另外,我們來(lái)了解一下數(shù)詞的下列用法:
twos and threes 三三兩兩地
tens of thousands of數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的
hundreds of thousands of 數(shù)十萬(wàn)的
He died still in his forties.他四十多歲就死了。
3.序數(shù)詞常與定冠詞the連用。如:
He is the first one to get to school every day.
The second truck carries more apples than the third one.
不過(guò),序數(shù)詞前如果有其它詞修飾時(shí),就要省略定冠詞。如:
This is our first lesson.
Please answer my second question.
4.與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的鐘點(diǎn)表達(dá)法。
a.順讀法(鐘點(diǎn)+分鐘),如:
3:30 讀成three thirty
8:45 讀成eight forty-five
10:15 讀成ten fifteen
b.倒讀法(分鐘+to/past+鐘點(diǎn)),如:
3:30 讀成half past three
8:45 讀成a quarter to nine
10:15 讀成a quarter past ten
在此,我們提一下分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方法:
基數(shù)詞作分子.序數(shù)詞作分母。如:
1/5 讀成one fifth
1/3 讀成one third
若基數(shù)詞大于一,分母用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
2/7 讀成two sevenths
2/3 讀成two thirds
百分?jǐn)?shù)更簡(jiǎn)單,分子為基數(shù)詞,再加一個(gè)percent,如:
80% 讀成eighty percent
5.表示長(zhǎng)度、時(shí)間、距離、金錢(qián)、號(hào)碼等的數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用作單數(shù)。如:
5,000,000 dollars is a lot ofmoney.
Ten years has passed since he cameto our school.
另外,還要提醒一下有關(guān)數(shù)詞的運(yùn)算:
Five plus/and six is eleven.
Twenty minus one is nineteen.
Two times/multiplied by four is eight.
Fifteen divided by five is three.
責(zé)任編輯/張彩萍