徐亞暉 馬一丁

摘要：Science and technology are the primary productive forces. In recent years， with the rapid development of economy， science and technology have become more and more important; the government also pays more attention to the development of scientific research. This paper will compare the similarities and differences between the Chinese government and the Australian government.

關鍵詞： China; Australia; Government; Scientific Research; Economy

1.1 The Chinese government's work arrangements in science and technology.

China has identified guidelines for the development of science and technology over the next 15 years. The next 15 years， our country science and technology work to adhere to independent innovation， key across， support the development， eagerly anticipates the future guidelines， adhere to the improving self-directed innovation capability in all core position in science and technology， vigorously strengthen the original innovation， integrated innovation and on the basis of the introduction of advanced technology digestion， absorption， innovation， hard to master a number of core technology in a number of important areas， has a group of independent intellectual property rights， create an internationally competitive enterprise and brand， for China's economic and social development and national defense modernization provides powerful technology support.

For the future of China's national innovation system will focus on China's development of science and technology policy security falls in support to encourage enterprises to become the main body of technological innovation， increase investment in science and technology， increasing the service efficiency of funds， to strengthen the construction of science and technology condition platform， as well as build characteristic of regional innovation system， speed up the construction of innovative talent team， actively expand opening to the outside world， extensive use of global resources of science and technology.

Xi jinping， President of the CPC central committee and President of the central military commission， attended the meeting and delivered an important speech. It is necessary to place science popularization as equally important as scientific and technological innovation， popularize scientific knowledge， promote scientific spirit， disseminate scientific ideas， advocate scientific methods， and promote the formation of society as a whole. He points out that the goal of science and technology development in our country is， by 2020 China into an innovative country， by 2030 China into an innovative country， to the founding of new China in 100 to become the world's science and technology power in China.

1.2 The Australian government's work arrangements in science and technology.

According to the Strategic Plan for 2015-2019 released by the Australian Department of Industry and Technology， the new goal of the Australian government is to use its commercial and technological advantages to develop an internationally competitive and responsive economy.

The Strategic Plan shows that in order to achieve this goal early， the Australian Department of Industry and Technology is committed to promoting the growth of internationally competitive industries and enhancing their productivity.

In addition， some important conditions for the development of economy and productivity will be strongly supported， including scientific research capacity， scientific technology， engineering and mathematical technology， scientific literacy and so on.To make a difference， the Australian Department of Industrial Science and Technology has made detailed strategic arrangements， including supporting companies to work with scientists and researchers from universities and other institutions to maximize the commercial returns of $9.2 billion invested by the government in research and development; promoting national deregulation， technological development and cooperation， and enhancing commercialization and international participation to facilitate the development of internationally competitive enterprises; helping enterprises adapt to the necessary industrial transformation to promote market competition and business investment.

The Australian Department of Industrial Science and Technology hopes to support the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements and bring better scientific and economic results to the country. Small and medium-sized enterprises involved in innovation activities can develop on an appropriate scale; enterprises will increasingly invest in intangible assets， such as intellectual property rights， so that the added value of knowledge-intensive industries will continue to grow; the benefits of commercialization of scientific research will continue to increase. Australia will perform better in the field of scientific research.