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        橡膠樹酵母雙雜交文庫(kù)構(gòu)建及HbTRXy2互作蛋白篩選

        2025-07-09 00:00:00吳雙逯銳琳何其光袁坤胡義鈺王真輝劉進(jìn)平劉輝
        熱帶作物學(xué)報(bào) 2025年6期

        摘""要:硫氧還蛋白通過催化硫醇-二硫鍵交換反應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)靶蛋白的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能,在維持細(xì)胞氧化還原穩(wěn)態(tài)中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用。前期研究證實(shí)橡膠樹y型硫氧還蛋白HbTRXy2具有很強(qiáng)的抗氧化功能。為探究HbTRXy2調(diào)控抗氧化性的分子機(jī)制,本研究構(gòu)建橡膠樹酵母雙雜交文庫(kù)及HbTRXy2誘餌載體pGBKT7-HbTRXy2,并通過酵母雙雜交篩選與HbTRXy2互作的蛋白。結(jié)果顯示:本研究構(gòu)建的次級(jí)文庫(kù)重組率為100%,插入片段平均長(zhǎng)度大于1000"bp,庫(kù)容量為3.80×"106"CFU/mL;經(jīng)檢測(cè),誘餌載體pGBKT7-HbTRXy2在酵母中無毒性和自激活活性,可用于酵母雙雜交篩選;采用共轉(zhuǎn)化法從構(gòu)建的文庫(kù)中篩選到與HbTRXy2互作的蛋白24個(gè)。生物信息學(xué)分析表明,這些候選互作蛋白的功能涉及氧化還原、逆境脅迫響應(yīng)、ATP結(jié)合與代謝、卡爾文循環(huán)、單碳代謝、碳固定、蛋氨酸生物合成、脂質(zhì)A生物合成、金屬離子結(jié)合或轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、跨膜轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、細(xì)胞體積調(diào)控、磷酸根離子穩(wěn)態(tài)、蛋白質(zhì)磷酸化和蛋白質(zhì)折疊等。本研究結(jié)果為深入解析HbTRXy2在橡膠樹中的功能及其作用機(jī)理奠定基礎(chǔ)。

        關(guān)鍵詞:橡膠樹;硫氧還蛋白;酵母雙雜交;酵母文庫(kù)構(gòu)建;互作蛋白中圖分類號(hào):S794.1""""""文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A

        Construction"of"Yeast"Two-Hybrid"Library"of"Hevea"brasiliensis"and"Screening"of"HbTRXy2"Interacting"Proteins

        WU"Shuang1,2,"LU"Ruilin1,"HE"Qiguang1,"YUAN"Kun1,"HU"Yiyu1,"WANG"Zhenhui1,"LIU"Jinping2,"LIU"Hui1*

        1."Rubber"Research"Institute,"Chinese"Academy"of"Tropical"Agricultural"Sciences"/"Key"Laboratory"of"Biology"and"Genetic"Resources"of"Rubber"Tree,"Ministry"of"Agriculture"and"Rural"Affairs"/"State"Key"Laboratory"Incubation"Base"for"Cultivation"amp;"Physiology"of"Tropical"Crops,"Haikou,"Hainan"571101,"China;"2."School"of"Tropical"Agriculture"and"Forestry,"Hainan"University,"Haikou,"Hainan"570228,"China

        Abstract:"Thioredoxins"play"critical"roles"in"the"maintenance"of"cellular"redox"homeostasis"by"regulating"the"structure"and"function"of"the"target"proteins"through"catalyzingnbsp;thiol-disulfide"exchange"reactions."Previous"research"has"confirmed"that"the"y-type"thioredoxin"HbTRXy2"of"rubber"tree"(Hevea"brasiliensis)"has"a"strong"antioxidant"function."To"investigate"the"molecular"mechanism"of"HbTRXy2"in"enhancing"antioxidant"defense,"a"yeast"two-hybrid"library"of"rubber"tree"and"the"bait"vector"pGBKT7-HbTRXy2"for"HbTRXy2"were"constructed,"and"the"interacting"proteins"of"HbTRXy2"were"identified"via"yeast"two-hybrid"in"this"study."The"results"indicated"that"the"secondary"library"constructed"in"this"study"had"a"recombination"rate"of"100%,"an"average"length"of"inserted"fragments"greater"than"1000"bp,"and"a"capacity"of"approximately"3.80×106"CFU/mL."It"was"identified"that"the"bait"vector"has"no"toxicity"and"self-activating"activity"in"yeast"and"could"be"used"for"yeast"two-hybrid"screening."After"testing,"it"was"found"that"the"bait"vector"had"no"toxicity"and"self-activating"activity"in"yeast"and"could"be"used"for"yeast"two-hybrid"screening."Using"the"co-transformation"method,"24"proteins"interacting"with"HbTRXy2"were"screened"from"the"constructed"library."Bioinformatics"analysis"revealed"that"the"functions"of"the"candidate"interacting"proteins"encompassed"redox"processes,"stress"responses,"ATP"binding"and"metabolism,"Calvin"cycle,"single-carbon"metabolism,"carbon"fixation,"methionine"biosynthesis,"lipid"A"biosynthesis,"metal"ion"binding"or"transport,"transmembrane"transport,"cell"volume"regulation,"phosphate"ion"homeostasis,"protein"phosphorylation,"protein"folding,"etc."The"results"would"lay"the"foundation"for"further"revealing"the"function"and"mechanism"of"HbTRXy2"in"rubber"tree.

        Keywords:"rubber"tree;"thioredoxin;"yeast"two"hybrid;"yeast"library"construction;"interacting"protein

        DOI:"10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.06.001

        硫氧還蛋白(thioredoxins,TRXs)是一類多基因家族編碼的低分子量的氧化還原酶,含有高度保守的WC(G/P)PC基序,可通過催化硫醇-二硫鍵交換反應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)靶蛋白的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能,在維持植物細(xì)胞氧化還原穩(wěn)態(tài)中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用[1-4]。根據(jù)蛋白氨基酸序列同源性和亞細(xì)胞定位的不同,植物TRXs被劃分為8種類型:h、f、m、o、s、x、y和z[2,"4]。其中,h型TRXs定位于細(xì)胞質(zhì)、細(xì)胞核、內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)、線粒體等多種亞細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)中[3-4],o型TRXs定位于線粒體或細(xì)胞核中,s型TRXs定位于內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)中,而f、m、x、y和z型TRXs定位于質(zhì)體中。研究表明,質(zhì)體TRXs在葉綠體光合作用和脅迫應(yīng)答中發(fā)揮重要作用,且不同類型的質(zhì)體TRXs行使不同的功能[5-7]。x和y型TRXs具有抗氧化功能,f和m型TRXs主要參與光合碳代謝的調(diào)節(jié),而z型TRXs的作用似乎僅限于質(zhì)體基因表達(dá)的調(diào)控[3,"8]。

        擬南芥含有2個(gè)y型TRXs:AtTRXy1和AtTRXy2[9]。體外生化試驗(yàn)表明,AtTRXy1和AtTRXy2是過氧化物酶Prx"Q、甲硫氨酸亞砜還原酶MSR"B2等抗氧化酶的還原底物[9-10]。AtTRXy1還是質(zhì)體葡萄糖-6-磷酸脫氫酶G6PDH1的有效激活劑[11],AtTRXy2是單脫氫抗壞血酸還原酶MDHAR6的激活劑[1]。在正常條件下,atrxy1和atrxy2突變體及其雙突變體植株生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育與野生型相似,但對(duì)干旱的敏感性增加[1];強(qiáng)光條件下,atrxy2突變體及atrxy1"atrxy2雙突變體較野生型生長(zhǎng)減緩,葉綠素含量降低[10]。OKEGAWA等[12]研究證實(shí),y型TRXs通過調(diào)節(jié)光系統(tǒng)I(PSI)受體側(cè)的氧化還原平衡在光合作用中發(fā)揮重要作用。此外,y型TRXs在調(diào)控種子在干旱或氧化脅迫下的發(fā)芽勢(shì)中起著重要作用,但這種功能的行使并不歸因于其抗氧化作用,而是通過調(diào)節(jié)植物激素實(shí)現(xiàn)[13]。

        橡膠樹(Hevea"brasiliensis)是重要的熱帶經(jīng)濟(jì)林木,其產(chǎn)生的膠乳是重要戰(zhàn)略物資和工業(yè)原料天然橡膠的主要來源。劉輝等[14]從橡膠樹中克隆了1個(gè)y型TRX基因HbTRXy2,發(fā)現(xiàn)干旱、低溫、鹽以及氧化脅迫處理均能上調(diào)該基因的表達(dá),并利用酵母表達(dá)系統(tǒng)證實(shí)HbTRXy2具有很強(qiáng)的抗氧化功能。為解析HbTRXy2調(diào)控抗氧化性的分子機(jī)制,本研究構(gòu)建橡膠樹非生物脅迫誘導(dǎo)的酵母雙雜交文庫(kù),并通過酵母雙雜交技術(shù)鑒定與HbTRXy2互作的蛋白。研究結(jié)果將為進(jìn)一步揭示HbTRXy2調(diào)控抗氧化性的作用機(jī)理奠定基礎(chǔ)。

        1""材料與方法

        1.1""材料

        選取健康、一致的橡膠樹熱研7-33-97組培苗(移栽培養(yǎng)約8個(gè)月)進(jìn)行氧化和低溫脅迫處理。氧化脅迫處理采用20"mmol/L的H2O2溶液,處理時(shí)將溶液噴施于植株所有的葉片。低溫處理在4"℃、16"h光照/8"h黑暗的人工氣候箱中進(jìn)行。在處理24"h時(shí),采集脅迫處理以及未處理植株的葉片。選擇種植于中國(guó)熱帶農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院試驗(yàn)農(nóng)場(chǎng)六隊(duì)的熱研7-33-97健康和割面干涸(割面干涸率在70%左右)植株(樹齡16"a),采集膠乳樣品。同時(shí),選擇健康植株,涂施1.5%乙烯利,并于處理24"h時(shí)采集膠乳樣品。上述葉片和膠乳采集后液氮凍存,用于總RNA提取。

        1.2""方法

        1.2.1""酵母雙雜交文庫(kù)的構(gòu)建""(1)總RNA提取和mRNA的分離純化。采用多糖多酚植物總RNA提取試劑盒(天根生化科技有限公司)提取葉片和膠乳總RNA,具體提取方法參照試劑盒說明書。使用瓊脂糖凝膠電泳和NanoDrop"2000超微量分光光度計(jì)(Thermo"Scientific)檢測(cè)RNA的完整性、純度和濃度。采用Oligotex"mRNA"Midi"Kit(Qiagen)分離純化mRNA,并通過凝膠電泳檢測(cè)分離純化mRNA的質(zhì)量。

        (2)初級(jí)文庫(kù)構(gòu)建。cDNA第一鏈和第二鏈的合成參照CloneMiner"II"cDNA文庫(kù)構(gòu)建試劑盒(Invitrogen)。將重組接頭連接到cDNA末端,并通過固定分級(jí)柱進(jìn)行分級(jí)分離。參照Invitrogen公司Gateway"BP"Clonase"II"Enzyme"Mix試劑盒說明書,通過BP重組反應(yīng)將分級(jí)分離獲得的cDNA重組至pDONR222載體上。采用電擊轉(zhuǎn)化的方法,將反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物轉(zhuǎn)入大腸桿菌DH10B菌株,獲得初級(jí)文庫(kù)菌。將50"μL"100倍稀釋的初級(jí)文庫(kù)菌涂布于含50"μg/mL卡那霉素的LB平板上,37"℃培養(yǎng)過夜,統(tǒng)計(jì)生長(zhǎng)出的單克隆數(shù),并計(jì)算初級(jí)文庫(kù)的庫(kù)容量(CFU·mL–1)和總克隆數(shù)(CFU)。隨機(jī)挑取單克隆24個(gè),采用M13-F(5′-GTAA AACGACGGCCAG-3′)和M13-R(5′-CAGGAA ACAGCTATGAC-3′)引物進(jìn)行菌落PCR鑒定。PCR采用EasyTaq"DNA"Polymerase(北京全式金生物技術(shù)有限公司),具體反應(yīng)體系和程序參照其說明書。1%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳檢測(cè)PCR產(chǎn)物。

        (3)次級(jí)文庫(kù)構(gòu)建。抽提初級(jí)文庫(kù)和pG ADT7-DEST載體的質(zhì)粒,參照Gateway"LR"Clonase"II"Enzyme"mix試劑盒(Invitrogen)說明書將二者進(jìn)行LR重組,并通過電擊轉(zhuǎn)化法將重組產(chǎn)物轉(zhuǎn)入大腸桿菌DH10B菌株,獲得次級(jí)文庫(kù)菌。將50"μL"100倍稀釋的次級(jí)文庫(kù)菌涂布于含100"μg/mL氨芐青霉素的LB平板上,37"℃培養(yǎng)過夜,統(tǒng)計(jì)生長(zhǎng)出的單克隆數(shù),并計(jì)算次級(jí)文庫(kù)的庫(kù)容量(CFU/mL)和總克隆數(shù)(CFU)。隨機(jī)挑取單克隆24個(gè),采用T7-F(5′-TAATA CGACTCACTATAGGGC-3′)AD-R(5′-AGAT GGTGCACGATGCACAG-3′)引物進(jìn)行菌落PCR鑒定。PCR采用EasyTaq"DNA"Polymerase(北京全式金生物技術(shù)有限公司),具體反應(yīng)體系和程序參照其說明書。采用1%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳檢測(cè)PCR產(chǎn)物。抽提次級(jí)文庫(kù)菌質(zhì)粒,并檢測(cè)其質(zhì)量和濃度。

        1.2.2""HbTRXy2誘餌載體的構(gòu)建、毒性及自激活活性分析""(1)構(gòu)建HbTRXy2誘餌載體。根據(jù)HbTRXy2全長(zhǎng)序列(XM_021825437.1)設(shè)計(jì)基因克隆的引物,并添加Nco"Ⅰ和Sal"Ⅰ酶切位點(diǎn)及保護(hù)堿基。正向引物HbTRXy2-F:5′-TACCAT GGCTATGGCGATTTCTTCTCTCTCG-3′,反向引物HbTRXy2-R:5′-ACGTCGACACC TCAACTA TTGCTTCACTTGC-3′。以橡膠樹熱研7-33-97葉片cDNA為模板,采用TransStart"FastPfu"DNA"Polymerase(北京全式金生物),進(jìn)行PCR擴(kuò)增。采用1%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳檢測(cè)PCR產(chǎn)物。切膠回收目標(biāo)片段,與pEASY-Blunt"Simple"Cloning"Vector連接,并轉(zhuǎn)化大腸桿菌。經(jīng)菌落PCR篩選,送3個(gè)陽性單克隆到公司進(jìn)行測(cè)序。將測(cè)序正確的陽性菌液擴(kuò)大培養(yǎng),采用Plasmid"Mini"Kit"I(OMEGA)提取質(zhì)粒并進(jìn)行Nco"Ⅰ和Sal"Ⅰ雙酶切,回收目標(biāo)片段。抽提酵母表達(dá)載體pGBKT7質(zhì)粒,Nco"Ⅰ和Sal"Ⅰ雙酶切,回收大片段。采用T4"DNA"Ligase(Thermo"Scientific)將HbTRXy2基因與pGBKT7載體連接,獲得誘餌載體pGBKT 7-HbTRXy2。將連接產(chǎn)物轉(zhuǎn)入大腸桿菌DH5α,菌落PCR篩選陽性克隆,并抽提其質(zhì)粒。

        (2)誘餌載體毒性和自激活檢測(cè)。通過PEG/LiAc法將pGBKT7-HbTRXy2質(zhì)粒轉(zhuǎn)入酵母菌株Y2HGold,挑選單克隆3個(gè),參照酵母質(zhì)粒提取試劑盒(OMEGA)說明書提取質(zhì)粒。使用EasyTaq"DNA"Polymerase(北京全式金生物技術(shù)有限公司)進(jìn)行PCR鑒定,引物采用T7-F和HbTRXy2-R。以pGBKT7-HbTRXy2質(zhì)粒作為陽性對(duì)照。1%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳檢測(cè)PCR產(chǎn)物。

        將實(shí)驗(yàn)室保存的Y2HGold[pGBKT7](空載體對(duì)照,CK)、Y2HGold[pGBKT7-53+pGADT7-T](陽性對(duì)照,CK+)、Y2HGold[pGBKT7-Lam+"pGADT7-T](陰性對(duì)照,CK–)以及Y2HGold"[pGBKT7-HbTRXy2]酵母菌劃線活化。挑單克隆,30"℃,200"r/min培養(yǎng)24"h,分別劃線于SD/-Trp/"X-α-Gal/AbA、SD/-Trp/X-α-Gal和SD/-Trp平板上。30"℃培養(yǎng)3"d,觀察比較各酵母菌的生長(zhǎng)差異。

        1.2.3""HbTRXy2互作蛋白的篩選及功能注釋""Y2H"Gold酵母感受態(tài)細(xì)胞的制備參照Yeastmaker"Yeast"Transformation"System"2"User"Manual(Clontech)。將10"μg酵母文庫(kù)質(zhì)粒、5"μg"pGBKT7-HbTRXy2質(zhì)粒與20"μL預(yù)變性的Carrier"DNA共轉(zhuǎn)化感受態(tài)細(xì)胞。將轉(zhuǎn)化菌液涂布于SD/-Trp/-Leu/-His/-Ade培養(yǎng)基上,30"℃培養(yǎng)5"d,進(jìn)行初篩。將初篩平板上長(zhǎng)出的約2"mm的單克隆轉(zhuǎn)接至含有SD/-Trp/-Leu/-Ade/-His/X-α-gal/"AbA的平板上,30"℃培養(yǎng)5"d,進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行高嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)度篩選。采用Matchmaker"Insert"Check"PCR"Mix"2(Clontech)對(duì)生長(zhǎng)出的藍(lán)色單克隆進(jìn)行酵母菌落PCR,PCR體系和擴(kuò)增程序參照其說明書。取PCR產(chǎn)物5"μL進(jìn)行瓊脂糖凝膠電泳檢測(cè),挑選擴(kuò)增出單一條帶的,將其PCR產(chǎn)物送至海南楠山生物技術(shù)有限公司進(jìn)行測(cè)序。將測(cè)序結(jié)果在橡膠樹基因組數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)HeveaDB(http://hevea.catas.cn/"home/index)和NCBI(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih."gov)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中進(jìn)行Blast分析,獲取互作蛋白基因的ID及功能注釋等信息。

        2""結(jié)果與分析

        2.1""總RNA的提取及mRNA的分離

        提取經(jīng)低溫、H2O2處理和無處理的橡膠樹組培苗葉片以及健康、割面干涸和乙烯利處理橡膠樹膠乳的總RNA,采用瓊脂糖凝膠電泳以及微量分光光度計(jì)檢測(cè)其質(zhì)量和濃度,結(jié)果顯示,各RNA樣本A260/280值介于1.8~2.1之間,28S、18S和5S"rRNA條帶清晰,無明顯降解(圖1A),質(zhì)量符合建庫(kù)要求。將各RNA等量混合,并進(jìn)一步分離純化mRNA及合成雙鏈cDNA。電泳檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,純化得到的mRNA以及合成的雙鏈cDNA條帶清晰,呈彌散狀均勻分布(圖1B,圖1C),質(zhì)量較好,可用于后續(xù)文庫(kù)構(gòu)建。

        2.2""酵母雙雜交文庫(kù)的構(gòu)建及鑒定

        將純化獲得的mRNA反轉(zhuǎn)錄合成雙鏈cDNA,添加重組接頭后,并通過BP反應(yīng)連入pDONR222載體,轉(zhuǎn)化大腸桿菌,得到cDNA初級(jí)文庫(kù)菌液。取50"μL稀釋100倍的文庫(kù)菌液涂板,生長(zhǎng)出的克隆總數(shù)約為2100個(gè)(圖2A),初級(jí)文庫(kù)庫(kù)容量約為4.20×106"CFU/mL,總克隆數(shù)為1.68×"107"CFU。菌落PCR結(jié)果顯示,24個(gè)隨機(jī)選取的單克隆均擴(kuò)出單一條帶,且片段平均長(zhǎng)度超過1000"bp,重組率達(dá)100%(圖2B),符合初級(jí)文庫(kù)的質(zhì)量要求。

        通過電極轉(zhuǎn)化法將初級(jí)文庫(kù)質(zhì)粒與pGADT7-"DEST載體質(zhì)粒LR反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物轉(zhuǎn)入大腸桿菌DH10B,獲得次級(jí)文庫(kù)菌液。取50"μL"100倍稀釋后文庫(kù)菌液涂板,生長(zhǎng)出約1900個(gè)單菌落(圖2C)。經(jīng)計(jì)算,次級(jí)文庫(kù)庫(kù)容量約為3.80×"106"CFU/mL,總克隆數(shù)為1.52×107"CFU。對(duì)24個(gè)隨機(jī)選取的單菌落進(jìn)行PCR鑒定,電泳結(jié)果顯示,均擴(kuò)增出條帶,重組率達(dá)100%,平均插入片段長(zhǎng)度超過1000"bp(圖2D)。以上結(jié)果表明,所構(gòu)建的文庫(kù)質(zhì)量很好,可進(jìn)行酵母雙雜交篩選。

        2.3""HbTRXy2誘餌載體構(gòu)建及其毒性和自激活活性檢測(cè)

        根據(jù)HbTRXy2基因全長(zhǎng)序列設(shè)計(jì)擴(kuò)增完整編碼區(qū)的引物,從橡膠樹葉片cDNA中擴(kuò)出了符合預(yù)期大小527"bp的條帶(圖3A)。經(jīng)公司測(cè)序確定正確后,通過酶切連接的方法將HbTRXy2基因連接到載體pGBKT7,獲得誘餌載體pGBKT7-"HbTRXy2。將pGBKT7-HbTRXy2質(zhì)粒轉(zhuǎn)入Y2HGold酵母感受態(tài)細(xì)胞,挑取3個(gè)單克隆抽提質(zhì)粒并進(jìn)行PCR檢測(cè)。瓊脂糖凝膠電泳結(jié)果證實(shí)誘餌載體成功轉(zhuǎn)化酵母細(xì)胞(圖3B)。

        將含有pGBKT7-HbTRXy2、pGBKT7(空載體對(duì)照)、pGBKT7-Lam+pGADT7-T(陰性對(duì)照)或pGBKT7-53+pGADT7-T(陽性對(duì)照)的Y2H Gold酵母菌分別在SD/-Trp、SD/-Trp/X-α-gal和SD/-Trp/X-α-gal/AbA平板上劃線培養(yǎng)。結(jié)果(圖4)顯示,4種酵母菌在SD/-Trp平板上均有生長(zhǎng),

        差異不明顯,表明誘餌載體pGBKT7-HbTRXy2對(duì)酵母菌無毒性。在SD/-Trp/X-α-gal平板上,4種酵母菌均能正常生長(zhǎng),但僅有陽性對(duì)照酵母菌顯藍(lán)色。在SD/-Trp/X-α-gal/AbA平板上,僅有陽性對(duì)照酵母菌生長(zhǎng)且顯藍(lán)色,表明誘餌載體pGBKT7-"HbTRXy2在Y2HGold酵母菌株中無自激活活性,可用于酵母雙雜交篩選。

        2.4""HbTRXy2互作蛋白的篩選與分析

        通過共轉(zhuǎn)化將誘餌載體pGBKT7-HbTRXy2質(zhì)粒和次級(jí)文庫(kù)質(zhì)粒一起轉(zhuǎn)入Y2HGold酵母感受態(tài)細(xì)胞,涂布于SD/-Trp/-Leu/-Ade/-His平板上進(jìn)行初篩(圖5A)。將初篩平板上生長(zhǎng)出的克隆轉(zhuǎn)接到SD/-Trp/-Leu/-Ade/-His/X-α-gal/AbA平板上,進(jìn)行高嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)度篩選。52個(gè)克隆在SD/-Trp/-"Leu/-Ade/-His/X-α-gal/AbA平板上生長(zhǎng),且呈藍(lán)色(圖5B)。采用Matchmaker"Insert"Check"PCR"Mix"2對(duì)陽性克隆進(jìn)行菌落PCR擴(kuò)增,回收純化目標(biāo)條帶送公司測(cè)序。經(jīng)序列比對(duì)分析,除去重復(fù)序列后,最終鑒定到24個(gè)與HbTRXy2互作的蛋白(表1)。對(duì)篩選到的互作蛋白進(jìn)行功能注釋發(fā)現(xiàn),這些蛋白的生物學(xué)功能涉及氧化還原、逆境脅迫響應(yīng)、ATP結(jié)合與代謝、卡爾文循環(huán)、單碳代謝、碳固定、蛋氨酸生物合成、脂質(zhì)A生物合成、金屬離子結(jié)合或轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、跨膜轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、細(xì)胞體積調(diào)控、磷酸根離子穩(wěn)態(tài)、蛋白質(zhì)磷酸化和蛋白質(zhì)折疊等。

        3""討論

        蛋白質(zhì)是基因功能的直接執(zhí)行者,雖然一些蛋白質(zhì)可以獨(dú)立地行使功能,但大多數(shù)蛋白質(zhì)需要與其他蛋白質(zhì)互作才能充分發(fā)揮其功能。因此,研究蛋白質(zhì)之間的相互作用已成為深入解析蛋白質(zhì)的生物學(xué)功能及其作用機(jī)制的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)之一。酵母雙雜交技術(shù)具有操作簡(jiǎn)單、成本低、高通量等優(yōu)點(diǎn),是鑒定蛋白與蛋白互作的最常用方法[15]。在橡膠樹研究中,利用該技術(shù)已篩選鑒定了與HbHDA6[16]、HbMC1[17]、HbPSKR2[18]、HbSRPP7[19]等互作的蛋白。利用酵母雙雜交篩選與目標(biāo)蛋白互作的蛋白,首先需要構(gòu)建高質(zhì)量的酵母cDNA文庫(kù),而文庫(kù)的質(zhì)量主要由RNA的完整性、文庫(kù)庫(kù)容等決定[20]。為使文庫(kù)包含的蛋白更多,本研究將ABA、H2O2、低溫處理的葉片以及健康、割面干涸、乙烯利處理橡膠樹的膠乳樣品的總RNA等量混合,用于分離純化mRNA及雙鏈cDNA合成,并基于同源重組的方法構(gòu)建了酵母cDNA文庫(kù)。經(jīng)鑒定,所構(gòu)建的次級(jí)文庫(kù)質(zhì)量較好,文庫(kù)重組率達(dá)100%,插入片段平均長(zhǎng)度超過1000"bp,庫(kù)容量約為3.80×"106"CFU/mL,總克隆數(shù)約為1.52×107"CFU,達(dá)到了酵母雙雜交篩選文庫(kù)的質(zhì)量要求。該文庫(kù)的建立為通過酵母雙雜交篩選與目標(biāo)橡膠樹蛋白互作的蛋白奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

        硫氧還蛋白通過還原靶蛋白的二硫鍵在植物氧化還原反應(yīng)、光合作用、葉片衰老、逆境響應(yīng)等過程中發(fā)揮重要作用[1-4,"21]。鑒定硫氧還蛋白的靶蛋白將有助于揭示其作用機(jī)理。目前,已鑒定了一些能與硫氧還蛋白互作的蛋白。ARSOVA等[22]采用酵母雙雜交篩選到與239個(gè)克隆與擬南芥TRXz互作,并進(jìn)一步通過BIFC(雙分子熒光互補(bǔ))等證實(shí)TRXz與類果糖激酶FLN1和FLN2互作。酵母雙雜交、BIFC、pull-down與Co-IP(免疫共沉淀)證實(shí),番茄SlTrxh與過氧化物氧還蛋白SlPrx存在互作[23]。體外和植物體內(nèi)試驗(yàn)也表明,擬南芥TRXy2能與2-半胱氨酸過氧化物氧還蛋白(2-Cys"Prx)互作[24]。前期研究中,本團(tuán)隊(duì)從橡膠樹中克隆鑒定了一個(gè)受非生物脅迫誘導(dǎo)的y型TRX基因HbTRXy2,并證實(shí)在酵母中超量表達(dá)該基因能提高重組酵母的抗氧化性[14]。為鑒定HbTRXy2的靶蛋白,進(jìn)一步解析HbTRXy2調(diào)控抗氧化性的作用機(jī)制,本研究構(gòu)建了HbTRXy2的誘餌載體,并通過酵母雙雜交篩選獲得24個(gè)可能與HbTRXy2互作的蛋白,其中,UDP-葡萄糖6-脫氫酶1(scaffold0137_967149)、甘油醛-3-磷酸脫氫酶A(scaffold1603_54869)、山梨醇脫氫酶(scaffold0624_438647)、絲氨酸/蘇氨酸蛋白激酶AFC2(scaffold0773_328521)和脫水素(scaffold0198_606133)與氧化還原和脅迫應(yīng)答相關(guān)。推測(cè)HbTRXy2可能通過與這些蛋白互作在抗氧化性中發(fā)揮作用。已有研究證實(shí),芍藥甘油醛-3-磷酸脫氫酶PlGAPC2能通過提高NAD+的含量抑制高溫條件下活性氧的(ROS)產(chǎn)生[25]。過表達(dá)擬南芥山梨醇脫氫酶SDH能提高轉(zhuǎn)基因株系對(duì)鹽脅迫和滲透脅迫的抗性[26]。在煙草中過表達(dá)高粱脫水素基因SbDhn1和SbDhn2均能增強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)基因株系的抗氧化性[27]。

        功能注釋表明,篩選到的與HbTRXy2互作的24個(gè)蛋白涉及氧化還原、逆境脅迫響應(yīng)、ATP結(jié)合與代謝、糖酵解、單碳代謝、碳固定、卡爾文循環(huán)、蛋氨酸生物合成、脂質(zhì)A生物合成、金屬離子結(jié)合或轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、跨膜轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、細(xì)胞體積調(diào)控、磷酸根離子穩(wěn)態(tài)、蛋白質(zhì)磷酸化和蛋白質(zhì)折疊等。其中,單碳代謝、碳固定、卡爾文循環(huán)、ATP結(jié)合與代謝等均與光合作用密切相關(guān)。核酮糖-1,5二磷酸羧化酶是植物催化CO2固定的關(guān)鍵酶,決定著光合作用中碳同化速率,由多個(gè)大亞基和多個(gè)小亞基組成[28]。葉綠體3-磷酸甘油醛脫氫酶和果糖1,6-二磷酸醛縮酶光合作用中參與卡爾文循環(huán)的重要酶[29-30]。本研究的酵母雙雜交篩選結(jié)果顯示,HbTRXy2與核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶大亞基(scaffold0297_1099976)、甘油醛-3-磷酸脫氫酶A(scaffold1603_54869)和果糖-1,6-二磷酸醛縮酶6(scaffold0840_283341)存在相互作用,表明HbTRXy2可能通過調(diào)節(jié)卡爾文循環(huán)參與光合作用。已有研究證實(shí),葉綠體硫氧還蛋白系統(tǒng)在植物光合作用中發(fā)揮重要作用[7-8,"12]。本課題組前期的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),HbTRXy2基因在葉片中高表達(dá),且主要定位在葉綠體[14]。葉綠體是進(jìn)行光合作用的場(chǎng)所。根據(jù)HbTRXy2基因的表達(dá)特性以及與其互作蛋白的功能注釋,推測(cè)HbTRXy2在橡膠樹光合作用中發(fā)揮重要作用。

        4""結(jié)論

        本研究構(gòu)建了庫(kù)容量為3.80×106"CFU/mL、平均插入片段長(zhǎng)度大于1000"bp的高質(zhì)量橡膠樹酵母雙雜交文庫(kù),為篩選橡膠樹功能基因的互作蛋白奠定基礎(chǔ);構(gòu)建了具有抗氧化功能的硫氧還蛋白HbTRXy2的誘餌載體pGBKT7-HbTRXy2,并通過酵母雙雜交篩選獲得24個(gè)與HbTRXy2互作的蛋白,功能涉及氧化還原、逆境脅迫響應(yīng)、ATP結(jié)合與代謝、糖酵解、單碳代謝、碳固定、卡爾文循環(huán)、蛋氨酸生物合成、脂質(zhì)A生物合成、金屬離子結(jié)合或轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、跨膜轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、細(xì)胞體積調(diào)控、磷酸根離子穩(wěn)態(tài)、蛋白質(zhì)磷酸化和蛋白質(zhì)折疊等多種生物學(xué)進(jìn)程,為進(jìn)一步解析HbTRXy2的生物學(xué)功能及其作用的分子機(jī)制奠定基礎(chǔ)。

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