諸葛
農(nóng)歷春節(jié),是一年之始,也是一年中最重要的節(jié)日。除夕是春節(jié)的前夜,又叫年三十。從前在濟(jì)南,除夕這天家家“易門神桃符春貼,遍地撒芝麻秸,陳設(shè)供果迎祖先。是夕辭歲,燃爆竹滾人設(shè)酒守歲?!保ㄔ醋浴稓v城縣鄉(xiāng)土調(diào)查錄·習(xí)俗》)其中有些習(xí)俗,一直沿襲至今。
年三十一早,每家每戶就開始忙著貼春聯(lián)、窗花和年畫,將里里外外的門戶裝點(diǎn)一新,喜慶祥和的“年味”一下子撲面而來。
經(jīng)過一天的忙碌和準(zhǔn)備,晚上迎來了過年的重頭戲:年夜飯。飯前,人們會(huì)先拜神祭祖。雖因各地禮俗的不同,祭祖形式也各異,但人敬其祖的美德一直在傳承。夜幕降臨時(shí),各式各樣豐盛的飯菜陸續(xù)擺上桌,全家人圍坐在一起,享受難得的團(tuán)圓。
年夜飯過后,就該放響迎春的煙花爆竹了。多年的“禁燃令”終于在今年有所松綁,1月初,濟(jì)南市公布煙花爆竹禁放區(qū)域:濟(jì)南繞城高速公路環(huán)線以內(nèi),長清、章丘、濟(jì)陽、萊蕪、鋼城、平陰、商河等區(qū)縣政府劃定并公布的禁放區(qū)域及上述區(qū)域以外的十類規(guī)定場(chǎng)所。松綁煙花爆竹“禁燃令”并非全面放開,市民在保障安全的情況下可以找尋到更濃的“年味”。
夜色漸濃,全家人圍坐一起,嗑瓜子聊天,看春晚,通宵不寐,守歲待新年。除夕夜,長輩們要給小輩“壓歲錢”,“壓歲”即表示“壓祟”,意為得到壓歲錢的晚輩可以平平安安度過新的一歲,飽含著長輩對(duì)晚輩的關(guān)切之情和真切祝福。
在喜氣洋洋的除夕,說話也是有講究的,無論大人還是小孩都不可說晦氣話和不敬之語,張口要說吉祥話,因?yàn)閳F(tuán)團(tuán)圓圓、和和氣氣、歡歡喜喜的氛圍才是除夕應(yīng)有的樣子。
As the Chinese New Year based on the lunisolar calendar is called the Spring Festival, the last day of a year is called the Spring Festival Eve or lunar New Years Eve in China. People would try their best to come home for the family reunion dinner on the Spring Festival Eve and ring out the old year and celebrate the coming year together.
There are many traditions on the Spring Festival Eve. Cleaning and decorating houses, hanging lanterns, pasting Spring Festival scrolls, worshiping the ancestors, setting firecrackers, launching fireworks, being together to have a reunion dinner, watching Spring Festival evening party broadcast and guarding the age are the most popular ones.