全球性的新冠疫情、河南鄭州暴雨、湯加火山噴發(fā)……世界瞬息萬變，城市面臨的安全問題也復雜多變，依賴并局限于單一學科很難真正解決問題，這就需要我們擁有“天人物我，融通為一”的思維模式。這與老子“道生一，一生二，二生三，三生萬物”的宇宙生成論不謀而合?！笆奈濉睍r期，我國生態(tài)文明建設進入了以降碳為重點戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展階段、生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量改善由量變到質(zhì)變的關(guān)鍵時期。以人與自然和諧共生為目標，探索城市通過內(nèi)涵式發(fā)展和有機更新，提高生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務水平和效率，提升人居環(huán)境品質(zhì)，這就倒逼風景園林專業(yè)的思維“無界”、工程技術(shù)“融界”，并通過內(nèi)核明確的“跨界”，實現(xiàn)其本專業(yè)創(chuàng)造新價值和新發(fā)展。

生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務（Ecosystem Services，ESs）是指人類從生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中獲得的、至關(guān)重要的福祉。綠色基礎設施（Green Infrastructure，GI）作為城市化地區(qū)中提供生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務的主體空間類型，主要包括河流、湖泊、濕地、林地、草地、綠道、公園、工作農(nóng)場、牧場和其他人工綠地，以及自然與人工森林、荒野等。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務理論揭示了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)作為生態(tài)服務產(chǎn)品的供給方與人作為生態(tài)服務產(chǎn)品的需求方之間存在著特定的供需關(guān)系。來自生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的服務供給流和來自城市對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務產(chǎn)品的需求流成為規(guī)劃調(diào)控生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務供需匹配的重要理論基礎，也成為風景園林學科的創(chuàng)新理論前沿。景觀是生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的載體，“景觀服務”（Landscape Service）一直是風景園林關(guān)注的焦點之一，景觀服務更是生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務的直觀體現(xiàn)。隨著風景園林對景觀空間背后科學過程和機理的關(guān)注與研究，“生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務”更多透過“景觀服務”現(xiàn)象，深入到科學、準確掌握景觀表象與特征、感知與表征、過程與關(guān)系、結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的重要理論基礎和方法。以生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務為基礎的景觀服務和景觀空間績效決定的“高效景觀生態(tài)格局”，成為依托于又不局限于風景園林研究范疇的新體系和新途徑。

本期“生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務”主題，包含了兩個專題，分別為“生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務測度與評價”和“藍綠空間生態(tài)安全與品質(zhì)提升”。前者側(cè)重城鄉(xiāng)人居環(huán)境中生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務能力和需求水平的表征、測度的理論與方法研究。通過綜述和典型案例研究，跨越城鄉(xiāng)，關(guān)注生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務與可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標評價、景觀格局特征響應、生態(tài)功能區(qū)劃與管控策略、生態(tài)安全格局構(gòu)建、鄉(xiāng)村振興策略、社會—生態(tài)韌性構(gòu)建以及綠色基礎設施規(guī)劃技術(shù)7個理論與實踐熱點。后者側(cè)重面向高效生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務和生態(tài)安全的綠色基礎設施以及城鄉(xiāng)高品質(zhì)開放空間營造的理論與實踐研究。聚焦生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務與生態(tài)格局構(gòu)建，開放空間營造，濱水空間植物多樣性，藍綠空間體系構(gòu)建，水陸交錯帶生態(tài)梯度，生態(tài)安全與生態(tài)規(guī)劃，城市綠色基礎設施的彩化、綠化、珍貴化和效益化7個前沿學術(shù)問題的探索研究和應用嘗試。

思維的“無界”，工程技術(shù)的“融界”，內(nèi)核明確的“跨界”追求，兩個專題綜合體現(xiàn)了風景園林視角的“生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務”對建立新型城、鄉(xiāng)、野三者之間系統(tǒng)關(guān)系和實踐的探索，以及對國土建設空間、生態(tài)空間、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)空間和藍色國土的主體功能區(qū)的有效管控。融合多學科智慧，補養(yǎng)本學科，聚焦專業(yè)主攻，發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造力，成就本專業(yè)新發(fā)展，才是每個行業(yè)與學科應持有的發(fā)展觀。

Developing Landscape Architecture Across “Three Boundaries”

Global COVID-19 pandemic, Zhengzhou rainstorm, Tonga volcano eruption... The world is changing rapidly, and the security problems faced by cities are also complex and changeable. It is difficult to solve the problem by relying on a single discipline. This requires us to have the thinking mode of “Harmony between man and nature”. This coincides with Lao Zi’s cosmogenic theory. During “The 14th Five Year Plan” period,China’s ecological civilization construction has entered a strategic development stage focusing on carbon reduction and a key period for the improvement of ecological environment quality from quantitative change to qualitative change. With the goal of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, we need to explore how cities can improve the level and efficiency of ecosystem services and the quality of human settlements through connotative development and organic renewal. This forces the landscape architecture specialty to have “no boundary” thinking and “fuse boundary” of engineering technology, and realize the creation of new value and new development of its specialty through the clear “cross boundary” of the core.

Ecosystem Services (ESs) refer to the vital well-being that human beings derive from ecosystems. Green infrastructure (GI), as the main space type to provide ecosystem services in urbanized areas, mainly includes rivers, lakes, wetlands, woodlands,grasslands, greenways, parks, work farms, pastures and other artificial green spaces, as well as natural and artificial forests and wilderness. Ecosystem service theory reveals that there is a specific relationship between supply and demand between ecosystem as the supplier of ecological service products and human as the demander of ecological service products. The service supply flow from ecosystem and the demand flow from cities for ecosystem service products have become an important theoretical basis for planning and regulating the matching between supply and demand of ecosystem services,and have also become the innovative theoretical frontier of landscape architecture.Landscape is the carrier of ecosystem. “Landscape service” has always been one of the focuses of landscape architecture, and landscape service is the intuitive embodiment of ecosystem service. With the attention and research of landscape architecture on the scientific process and mechanism behind landscape space, “ecosystem service” goes deeper into the important theoretical basis and methods of scientifically and accurately mastering landscape representation and characteristics, perception and representation,process and relationship, structure and function through the phenomenon of “l(fā)andscape service”. Landscape services based on ecosystem services and “efficient landscape ecological pattern” determined by landscape spatial performance have become a new system and new path relying on but not limited to the research scope of landscape architecture.

The topic of “ecosystem services” in this issue includes two special topics, namely“Measurement and Evaluation of Ecosystem Services” and “Ecological Security and Quality Improvement of Blue-green Space”. The former focuses on the theory and method of characterization and measurement of ecosystem service capacity and demand level in urban and rural human settlements. The latter focuses on the theoretical and practical research on green infrastructure for efficient ecosystem services and ecological security and the construction of high-quality open spaces in urban and rural areas.

Thinking can be “no boundary”, engineering technology needs to “fuse boundary”,and we should pursue the “cross boundary” with a clear core. The two special topics comprehensively reflect the exploration of the “ecosystem service” from the perspective of landscape architecture on the establishment of the system relationship and practice among new cities, villages and fields, as well as the effective management and control of the main functional areas of land construction space, ecological space, agricultural production space and blue land. Integrating multi-disciplinary wisdom, replenishing the discipline, focusing on the main attack of the specialty, giving full play to creativity and achieving the new development of the specialty are the development concept that each industry and discipline should hold.