江蘇張家港市東渡實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校 周 璇 編譯

Qi Baishi was anoutstandingmodern Chinese painter and aseal maker. He is not only famous in China, but also well-known in the world.

齊白石是中國現(xiàn)代杰出的畫家和篆刻家。他不僅在中國出名，而且在世界上也很有名。

Qi Baishi was born to a peasant family from Xiangtan, Hunan,on January 1st, 1864. He grew up in a family oflow-incomebackground. He lived with his parents, grandparents, and eight younger sisters and brothers. Qi Baishi was schooled for less than a yeardue toillness. However,he was too weak to do much of the work. Qi Baishi became acarpenterat 15, and from that time on, he began to teach himself to paint.

齊白石1864年1月1日出生于湖南湘潭一個(gè)農(nóng)民家庭。他在一個(gè)貧困家庭長大。他與父母、祖父母和八個(gè)弟弟妹妹住在一起。齊白石因病上了不到一年的學(xué)。他身體太虛弱，很多工作都不能做。齊白石15歲時(shí)成為一名木匠，從那時(shí)起，他開始自學(xué)繪畫。

While Qi Baishi was growing up, he came upon a Chinesemanualof painting, which was whatsparkedhis interest in art and painting animals,insectsand other types. In his painting, hedepictedthings that people have seen. However, he didn’t start following thismottountil much later in his life.

在齊白石成長的過程中，他偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一本中國繪畫手冊(cè)，這激發(fā)了他對(duì)藝術(shù)和畫動(dòng)物、昆蟲及其他類型的東西的興趣。在他的畫作中，他描繪了人們所看到的東西。然而，他直到晚年才開始遵循這一信條。

After 1917, he came to Beijing. Qi Baishi started receiving artistic training from Hu Qinyuan whichconsisted offundamentalsingongbimode, which features finebrushworkandmeticulous detail. He was taught that everyaspectof painting mattered, from the subject matter to the way the paint wasapplied tothe paper.Hislandscape paintingscameas a resultof his nextmentorTan Pu. Because of Tan’s training, Qi Baishi then realized that he couldpursueart as his full-timecareerinstead of just dreaming to become a professional artist. Despite his training ingongbimode,Qi Baishi is famed for painting in the freely expressivexieyistyle. After he turned 40, he traveled, visiting various scenic spots in China.

1917年后，他來到了北京。齊白石開始接受胡沁園的藝術(shù)訓(xùn)練，包括工筆畫的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，工筆畫的特點(diǎn)是筆觸細(xì)膩。從主題到繪畫在紙上的應(yīng)用方式，與繪畫有關(guān)的每一個(gè)方面他都受到了教育。他的山水畫來自他的下一位導(dǎo)師譚溥。由于譚溥的訓(xùn)練，齊白石意識(shí)到自己可以把藝術(shù)作為自己的全職職業(yè)，而不僅僅是夢想成為一名專業(yè)藝術(shù)家。盡管在工筆畫方面受過訓(xùn)練，但齊白石還是以在自由表達(dá)的寫意中作畫而聞名。40歲后，他開始旅行，游覽中國的各個(gè)景點(diǎn)。

Some of Qi Baishi’s major influences include the Ming Dynasty artist Xu Wei and the early Qing Dynasty painters Bada Shanren Zhu Da. His works are quitedistinctive, and the subjects of his paintings include almost everything, commonly animals,scenery, figures, toys, vegetables, and so on. Qi Baishitheorizedthat “paintings must be something betweenlikeness and unlikeness,much like today’svulgarians,but not like to cheat popular people”. In his later years, many of his works depict mice, shrimps or birds. He was also good at seal carving and called himself “the rich man of three hundred stone seals”.

齊白石曾受到的一些主要影響包括明代畫家徐渭和清初畫家八大山人朱耷。他的作品很有特色，繪畫題材幾乎包羅萬象，常見的有動(dòng)物、風(fēng)景、人物、玩具、蔬菜等。齊白石主張，“作畫妙在似與不似之間，太似為媚俗，不似為欺世”。晚年時(shí)，他的許多作品描繪了老鼠、蝦或鳥。他還擅長篆刻，自稱“三百石印富翁”。

In 1953, Qi Baishi was elected President of China ArtistsAssociation. On September 16th, 1957, Qi Baishi passed away in Beijing.

1953年，齊白石當(dāng)選為中國美術(shù)家協(xié)會(huì)主席。1957年9月16日，齊白石在北京逝世。

Qi Baishi was popular for hisvariety ofworksrangingfrom plant to animal life; because of his natural style, many collectorspurchasedhis works.

齊白石的作品內(nèi)容品類繁多，從植物到動(dòng)物，廣受歡迎；由于他的自然風(fēng)格，很多收藏家都收藏有他的作品。

Notes:

outstandingadj.杰出的

seal maker 篆刻家

low-income 低收入

due to 由于……

carpentern.木匠

manualn.手冊(cè)

sparkv.點(diǎn)燃

insectn.昆蟲

depictv.描繪

motton.座右銘；信條

consist of 由……構(gòu)成

fundamentaladj.基礎(chǔ)性的

gongbi mode工筆畫法

brushworkn.筆法

meticulous detail 細(xì)致入微

aspectn.方面

applied to 應(yīng)用于……

landscape painting 山水畫

as a result 其結(jié)果是

mentorn.指導(dǎo)者；老師

pursuev.追求

careern.職業(yè)；事業(yè)

distinctiveadj.與眾不同

theorizev.主張

likeness and unlikeness 像與不像

vulgariann.俗人

associationn.協(xié)會(huì)

variety of… 各種各樣的……

rangev.范圍涉及

purchasev.購買