設(shè)計：supertecture gUG

攝影：supertecture and Patrizia Children

四位朋友

2015 年尼泊爾發(fā)生世紀(jì)大地震后，我們受邀前往喜馬拉雅Dhoksan 山村的小學(xué)。學(xué)校當(dāng)時需要增加四個房間：三間教室和一個多功能書屋。為了展示尼泊爾在重復(fù)利用、回收利用、再生和循環(huán)建筑技術(shù)方面的無限可能性，我們決定將每個房間打造成一個獨(dú)立的房屋——每間教室都采用不同的創(chuàng)新方式和容易被人忽視的材料：免費(fèi)捐贈的“地震”磚，土+竹+草，“地震”石+石板，700 扇舊“地震”窗。

舊窗戶：尼泊爾最近一次的地震摧毀了80 多萬座建筑。許多一體式窗戶后來都被成批傾倒在舊窗戶和廢棄木料當(dāng)中。我們設(shè)法收集了大約700 扇舊窗戶，并進(jìn)行了翻新。然后它們就變成了兩種材料：多功能窗房的立面墻和屋頂。多功能窗房包含一個書屋，一個位于上層的多功能廳，另一個是方便學(xué)生回家的滑梯。

重復(fù)利用巖石：幾年前，我們村附近幾乎所有的傳統(tǒng)建筑都是由巖石覆蓋的石板搭建而成。在最近一次地震中許多房屋倒塌后，沒有人再去重建這些傳統(tǒng)房屋。鋼筋混凝土骨架結(jié)構(gòu)正在取代傳統(tǒng)建筑和城市及景觀的昔日風(fēng)采。我們打算再次利用這些坍塌的巖石，發(fā)明圓形的巖石窗，然后讓巖石房屋再次“流行”起來。教室里所用的巖石材料都是來自于以前當(dāng)?shù)氐膸r石建筑。

捐贈的磚塊：在尼泊爾的第一次磚塊群眾資助活動中，我們說服了數(shù)百戶家庭捐贈地震廢墟中的一些磚塊。最后，我們收集了50 種不同類型的14000多塊磚。對于每種類型的磚，我們都設(shè)計了獨(dú)特的粘結(jié)方法。甚至屋頂也由兩種不同磚塊鋪砌而成。

夯土：第二間教室由當(dāng)?shù)氐暮煌两ǔ?。由于Dhoksan 村民對使用這種免費(fèi)材料不太有信心，所以我們決定用五層不同的混合料建造房子，這些混合料是由非常簡單到相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的土質(zhì)集料組成：首先，我們將泥土與少量水泥混合，后來又加入稻草、針頭甚至牛糞。該建筑的屋頂由當(dāng)?shù)靥幚磉^的竹子制成，上面覆有稻草。竹子和稻草的處理必須在“我們”村子里重新進(jìn)行一次。

Fo(U)R Friends

After Nepal's century quake in 2015 we have been invited to the primary school of the Himalaya mountain village "Dhoksan".The school was in need of four additional rooms:three classrooms and a multifunctional library.In order to display some of Nepal's unlimited possibilities for reused,recycled,regenerative and circular construction technologies we decided to build every room as an individual house -every "classhouse" from different innovative and underestimated materials:free donated ?earthquake“ bricks,earth+bamboo+straw,"earthquake"-rocks+rocky slades,700 old "earthquake" windows.

Old Windows:Nepal's latest earthquake detroyed more than 800.000 buildings.Many of the incorporated windows have later been dumped in stocks for old windows and wood.We managed to collect around 700 old windows and to refurbish them.They became both:facades and roof of our multifunctional window-house.It features a library,a multipurpose room in the upper floor and a convenient students-slide towards their homes.

Reused Rocks:Some years ago almost every traditional building in our village's neighborhood was built from rocks covered with rocky slades.After many houses collapsed during the latest earthquake no one is rebuilding these traditional houses anymore.Reinforced concrete skeleton structures are replacing traditional architecture and former grace of cities and landscapes.By using all those collapsed rocks again and by inventing round rock windows we tried to make rock-houses "en-vogue" again.All rocky materials in our classroom have their origin in former local rock buildings.

Donated Bricks:In Nepal‘s first brick-crowdfunding we convinced hundreds of households to donate some of the bricks from their earthquake-ruins.Finally we collected more than 14.000 bricks of 50 different types.For every individual type of brick we have designed a unique bonding.Even the roof consists of two different tiled pitches.

Rammed Earth:The second classroom is made of rammed local earth.Since the people of Dhoksan have not been very confident of using this free material we decided to build our house from five different layers with mixtures ranging from very simple to rather sophisticated earth aggregates:First we mixed earth with a little bit of cement,later with straw,needles and even cow shit.The building's roof is made of locally treated bamboo and it is covered with straw.Both treatment of bamboo and straw had to be reinvented in "our" village.