李帥 胡少軍 范玉超

摘 要：為了解生物質(zhì)灰在土壤改良與修復(fù)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，通過(guò)Web of ScienceTM核心數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，利用Histcite和VOSviewer軟件，從被引頻次Top10的作者、期刊及研究熱點(diǎn)等方面對(duì)2000—2021年間發(fā)表的該領(lǐng)域文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了計(jì)量分析。結(jié)果表明：高被引的作者主要集中于西歐發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，主要期刊有Plant and Soil、Forest Ecology and Management及Biomass & Bioenergy;主要研究熱點(diǎn)是生物質(zhì)灰水溶液中重金屬銅、鎘、鉛、鋅的吸附機(jī)理，生物質(zhì)灰自身養(yǎng)分、活性組分（活性硅等）在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)及重金屬土壤鈍化修復(fù)方面的應(yīng)用。

關(guān)鍵詞：生物質(zhì)灰;土壤改良;土壤修復(fù);計(jì)量分析

中圖分類號(hào) X53? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A文章編號(hào) 1007-7731（2021）19-0111-05

Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on Remediation and Improvement of Soils by Biomass Ash Based on Web of Science

LI Shuai1， 2， 3 et al.

（1School of Earth and Environment， Anhui University of Science and Technology， Huainan 232001， China; 2Engineering Laboratory of Anhui Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Construction of Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level， Huainan 232001， China; 3Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health， Anhui University of Science and Technology ， Wuhu， 241003， China）

Abstract： In order to get a deep understanding of highlights and trend of the researches on in the field of remediation and improvement of Soils by biomass ash， a study was carried out on bibliometric analysis of the researches in these aspects. In this study， based on the Web of ScienceTM core collection database bibliometric analysis was performed of the articles， published during the period of 2000—2021， from the citations of related topics， high-citated authors， source journals and hot spots， etc. using the analysis tools by HistCite and VOSviewer software. Results show that in this research field， the authors with high citation frequency are mainly concentrated in the developed countries of Western Europe; the Plant and Soil， the Forest Ecology and Management and the Biomass & Bioenergy， etc. are the most important publishers of the papers in the field; The main research focus is the adsorption mechanism of biomass ash on heavy metals such as copper （Cu）， cadmium （Cd）， lead （Pb） and zinc （Zn） in aqueous solution. In addition， nutrient and active components （active silicon， etc.） of biomass ash in agricultural production and heavy metal in-situ remediation of soil is also a hot research direction.

Key words： Biomass ash; Soil improvement; Soil remediation; Econometric analysis

當(dāng)前，我國(guó)每年的農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物產(chǎn)生量十分巨大。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，我國(guó)種植業(yè)秸稈可收集量約8.3億t[1]，且以每年5%～10%的速率增長(zhǎng)[2]。近年來(lái)，國(guó)家出臺(tái)了一系列規(guī)劃與指導(dǎo)意見，推動(dòng)秸稈焚燒發(fā)電資源化利用秸稈廢棄物[3]。截至2020年底，全國(guó)已投運(yùn)的農(nóng)林生物質(zhì)項(xiàng)目374個(gè)，年消耗農(nóng)林廢棄物約4300萬(wàn)t，年發(fā)電量約510億kWh[4]，實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物的資源化利用，取得了顯著的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境效益。隨著生物質(zhì)燃料發(fā)電產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，火電廠產(chǎn)生了大量的生物質(zhì)灰渣廢棄物。許多生物質(zhì)灰渣主要采用集中填埋方式處理，占用土地資源，灰渣的飛揚(yáng)散播還會(huì)造成大氣污染，并引起地下水污染。我國(guó)農(nóng)林生物質(zhì)電廠所使用的生物質(zhì)燃料主要有秸稈、廢舊木材、稻殼、竹子、樹皮及其混合物等[5]。不同燃料燃燒后的灰渣所含礦質(zhì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素種類和含量也不盡相同，如水稻秸稈灰渣中硅含量較高，玉米秸稈灰渣中磷含量較高。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，生物質(zhì)灰分占生物質(zhì)干質(zhì)量的0.5%～20%[6]，燃燒后的生物質(zhì)灰渣中含有Si、Ca、Na、K、Mg、P等無(wú)機(jī)礦物質(zhì)元素，也含有Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、Ni、Cr、Al、Ti等微量和痕量元素以及有機(jī)物[7-9]。由于燃料的來(lái)源和種類、燃燒條件以及灰渣的采集位置的不同，生物質(zhì)灰的物理性質(zhì)及各元素的含量也會(huì)有所差別[8-11]。