亚洲免费av电影一区二区三区,日韩爱爱视频,51精品视频一区二区三区,91视频爱爱,日韩欧美在线播放视频,中文字幕少妇AV,亚洲电影中文字幕,久久久久亚洲av成人网址,久久综合视频网站,国产在线不卡免费播放

        ?

        2021-06-18 07:04:18
        漢語世界 2021年3期
        關(guān)鍵詞:棄婦醉翁亭記許慎

        A character to rest against

        休:停下來,也是另外一種開始

        One morning circa 1046 BCE,the poet Ouyang Xiu (歐陽修) was struck by the sight of people from different walks of life taking different routes up the mist-shrouded Mount Chushan (滁山) in modern-day Anhui province.He immortalized his feelings in the essay, “Account from the Old Drunkard’s Pavilion (《醉翁亭記》)”:“Those carrying burdens sing along the road, while those walking rest under trees (至于負(fù)者歌于途,行者休于樹Zhìyú fùzhě gē yú tú, xíngzhě xiū yú shù).”

        In both the ancient world and the modern day, much has been written on the importance of rest.Poet Lu You(陸游), who lived in the 12th and 13th centuries, wrote after a long evening of studying by the lamp, “What do I accomplish from working hard? It is better to have used the time to rest(默默何所為?且復(fù)自休息 Mòmò hé suǒ wéi? Qiě fù zì xiūxī).” Likewise, Bai Juyi (白居易), a renowned poet of the Tang dynasty (618-907), wrote, “It is common to see people who are busy suffer from disease, while rare to see healthy people willing to rest (多見忙時已衰病, 少聞健日肯休閑 Duō jiàn mángshí yǐ shuāi bìng, shǎo wén jiànrì kěn xiūxián).”

        The Chinese character for rest is休 (xiū).It takes a form which is both simple and self-explanatory: on the left is 亻, the “person,” and on the right is a tree, “木.” Combined, they create a pictorial character resembling a person leaning against a tree.The characterhas become simplified by retaining its general form from the Shang dynasty(1600-1046 BCE) to the present.

        The earliest meaning of the character is “to rest” or “to halt,” as indicated by the Han dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE)linguist Xu Shen (許慎) in theAnalytical Dictionary of Chinese Characters(《說文解字》): “休 is the action of rest and stopping (休,息止也 Xiū, xī zhǐ yě).”This meaning persists today, commonly found in terms like 休息 (xiūxi, to take a break) and 休業(yè) (xiūyè, to suspend business).

        Breaks are a chance to recharge and regain energy.Thus, 休 later took on the connotation of recovery.For instance, a ceasefire is 休戰(zhàn) (xiūzhàn),and temporary absence from school due to illness or personal reasons is 休學(xué) (xiūxué).

        But some breaks are permanent.In the patriarchal world of feudal China,men (and only men) were allowed to end a marriage, divorcing their wife(休妻 xiūqī) using a document called 休書 (xiūshū) if she violated one of seven moral codes, such as by committing adultery and failing to bear children.Divorced women, called 棄婦 (qìfù,discarded wives), faced being insulted by their neighbors and indifference from their family members, and some even committed suicide to redeem their honor.

        Today’s overburdened employees often fantasize about the time they can stop working and enjoy 退休 (tuìxiū,retirement).For ancient Chinese literati though, 休 often evoked sorrow, as many were forced into retirement by political exile or the machinations of rivals at court.Du Fu (杜甫), a poet and politician of the Tang dynasty, was full of bitterness in his twilight years after being expelled from the Tang court at Chang’an.He shared his opinion of retirement in a poem that goes,“名豈文章著,官因老病休 (Míng qǐ wénzhāng zhù, guān yīn lǎobìng xiū, I made a name for myself with my poems and articles, but now I have to retire due to my illness and old age)?”

        The character 休 also implies“prevention.” For instance, one might warn a rude person in an old-fashioned way, “Do not be impolite (休得無禮 Xiūdé wǔlǐ).” A person who makes an unrealistic or insulting proposal to someone else might find themselves rejected with the phrase “Don’t even think about it (休想 xiūxiǎng)!”

        A person who rests under a tree is also seeking shelter under its thick foliage.Therefore, 休 has also taken on the connotation of “protection.”Archeologists have found bronzeware dating back to the Western Zhou dynasty (1046-771 BCE) engraved with the idiom 對揚(yáng)王休 (duìyáng wángxiū, gratitude for the protection of the king), signaling the bond between a sovereign and his vassal.

        Being taken under the wing of a protector is a blessing, so 休 has also been extended to mean auspiciousness and felicity.As beings sharing this planet and bonded by a common destiny, all humanity 休戚與共 (xiūqī-yǔgòng,shares prosperity as well as woe).

        猜你喜歡
        棄婦醉翁亭記許慎
        《詩經(jīng)》“棄婦詩”研究綜述
        《詩經(jīng)》棄婦詩近十年研究綜述
        教學(xué)內(nèi)容是實(shí)現(xiàn)語文有效教學(xué)的基石——以《醉翁亭記》教學(xué)為例
        扣題而教——《醉翁亭記》教學(xué)創(chuàng)意
        功能對等理論下《醉翁亭記》英譯本的對比研究
        許慎文化園簡介
        古今棄婦形象的轉(zhuǎn)變及婦女地位的反思
        長江叢刊(2017年6期)2017-11-25 01:41:56
        許慎德
        中華詩詞(2016年10期)2017-02-22 17:00:39
        對外漢語教學(xué)角度的許慎文化研究
        張幼儀:打造商界傳奇的徐志摩棄婦
        少妇下面好紧好多水真爽 | 欧美日韩亚洲精品瑜伽裤| 精精国产xxxx视频在线播放器| 久久综合久中文字幕青草| 日韩精品第一区二区三区 | 亚洲精品aⅴ无码精品丝袜足| 免费国产自拍视频在线观看| 亚洲乱码av中文一区二区| 亚洲精品午夜无码专区| 久久aⅴ无码一区二区三区| 久久国产高潮流白浆免费观看 | 狠狠亚洲婷婷综合久久久| 一本久道久久丁香狠狠躁| 日韩精品无码一区二区| 成人国产精品免费视频| 人妻无码中文专区久久AV| 精品人妻码一区二区三区红楼视频 | 中文岛国精品亚洲一区| 精品人妻日韩中文字幕| 深夜爽爽动态图无遮无挡| 中文字幕日本最新乱码视频| 免费一级欧美大片久久网| 日韩中文字幕在线丰满| 久久午夜羞羞影院免费观看| 人人妻人人澡人人爽曰本| 亚洲AV无码乱码精品国产草莓| 伊人久久大香线蕉av不变影院 | 国内精品久久久久国产盗摄| 亚洲av有码在线天堂| 亚洲精品2区在线观看| 国产亚洲精品90在线视频| 亚洲国产成人精品无码区二本| 国产成人一区二区三中文| 一区二区三区在线观看精品视频| 丰满人妻熟妇乱又仑精品| 四川丰满少妇被弄到高潮| 国产剧情无码中文字幕在线观看不卡视频 | 国产亚洲成人av一区| 国产亚洲av无码专区a∨麻豆| 骚片av蜜桃精品一区| 国产尤物自拍视频在线观看|