亚洲免费av电影一区二区三区,日韩爱爱视频,51精品视频一区二区三区,91视频爱爱,日韩欧美在线播放视频,中文字幕少妇AV,亚洲电影中文字幕,久久久久亚洲av成人网址,久久综合视频网站,国产在线不卡免费播放

        ?

        2021-06-18 07:04:18
        漢語世界 2021年3期
        關(guān)鍵詞:棄婦醉翁亭記許慎

        A character to rest against

        休:停下來,也是另外一種開始

        One morning circa 1046 BCE,the poet Ouyang Xiu (歐陽修) was struck by the sight of people from different walks of life taking different routes up the mist-shrouded Mount Chushan (滁山) in modern-day Anhui province.He immortalized his feelings in the essay, “Account from the Old Drunkard’s Pavilion (《醉翁亭記》)”:“Those carrying burdens sing along the road, while those walking rest under trees (至于負(fù)者歌于途,行者休于樹Zhìyú fùzhě gē yú tú, xíngzhě xiū yú shù).”

        In both the ancient world and the modern day, much has been written on the importance of rest.Poet Lu You(陸游), who lived in the 12th and 13th centuries, wrote after a long evening of studying by the lamp, “What do I accomplish from working hard? It is better to have used the time to rest(默默何所為?且復(fù)自休息 Mòmò hé suǒ wéi? Qiě fù zì xiūxī).” Likewise, Bai Juyi (白居易), a renowned poet of the Tang dynasty (618-907), wrote, “It is common to see people who are busy suffer from disease, while rare to see healthy people willing to rest (多見忙時已衰病, 少聞健日肯休閑 Duō jiàn mángshí yǐ shuāi bìng, shǎo wén jiànrì kěn xiūxián).”

        The Chinese character for rest is休 (xiū).It takes a form which is both simple and self-explanatory: on the left is 亻, the “person,” and on the right is a tree, “木.” Combined, they create a pictorial character resembling a person leaning against a tree.The characterhas become simplified by retaining its general form from the Shang dynasty(1600-1046 BCE) to the present.

        The earliest meaning of the character is “to rest” or “to halt,” as indicated by the Han dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE)linguist Xu Shen (許慎) in theAnalytical Dictionary of Chinese Characters(《說文解字》): “休 is the action of rest and stopping (休,息止也 Xiū, xī zhǐ yě).”This meaning persists today, commonly found in terms like 休息 (xiūxi, to take a break) and 休業(yè) (xiūyè, to suspend business).

        Breaks are a chance to recharge and regain energy.Thus, 休 later took on the connotation of recovery.For instance, a ceasefire is 休戰(zhàn) (xiūzhàn),and temporary absence from school due to illness or personal reasons is 休學(xué) (xiūxué).

        But some breaks are permanent.In the patriarchal world of feudal China,men (and only men) were allowed to end a marriage, divorcing their wife(休妻 xiūqī) using a document called 休書 (xiūshū) if she violated one of seven moral codes, such as by committing adultery and failing to bear children.Divorced women, called 棄婦 (qìfù,discarded wives), faced being insulted by their neighbors and indifference from their family members, and some even committed suicide to redeem their honor.

        Today’s overburdened employees often fantasize about the time they can stop working and enjoy 退休 (tuìxiū,retirement).For ancient Chinese literati though, 休 often evoked sorrow, as many were forced into retirement by political exile or the machinations of rivals at court.Du Fu (杜甫), a poet and politician of the Tang dynasty, was full of bitterness in his twilight years after being expelled from the Tang court at Chang’an.He shared his opinion of retirement in a poem that goes,“名豈文章著,官因老病休 (Míng qǐ wénzhāng zhù, guān yīn lǎobìng xiū, I made a name for myself with my poems and articles, but now I have to retire due to my illness and old age)?”

        The character 休 also implies“prevention.” For instance, one might warn a rude person in an old-fashioned way, “Do not be impolite (休得無禮 Xiūdé wǔlǐ).” A person who makes an unrealistic or insulting proposal to someone else might find themselves rejected with the phrase “Don’t even think about it (休想 xiūxiǎng)!”

        A person who rests under a tree is also seeking shelter under its thick foliage.Therefore, 休 has also taken on the connotation of “protection.”Archeologists have found bronzeware dating back to the Western Zhou dynasty (1046-771 BCE) engraved with the idiom 對揚(yáng)王休 (duìyáng wángxiū, gratitude for the protection of the king), signaling the bond between a sovereign and his vassal.

        Being taken under the wing of a protector is a blessing, so 休 has also been extended to mean auspiciousness and felicity.As beings sharing this planet and bonded by a common destiny, all humanity 休戚與共 (xiūqī-yǔgòng,shares prosperity as well as woe).

        猜你喜歡
        棄婦醉翁亭記許慎
        《詩經(jīng)》“棄婦詩”研究綜述
        《詩經(jīng)》棄婦詩近十年研究綜述
        教學(xué)內(nèi)容是實(shí)現(xiàn)語文有效教學(xué)的基石——以《醉翁亭記》教學(xué)為例
        扣題而教——《醉翁亭記》教學(xué)創(chuàng)意
        功能對等理論下《醉翁亭記》英譯本的對比研究
        許慎文化園簡介
        古今棄婦形象的轉(zhuǎn)變及婦女地位的反思
        長江叢刊(2017年6期)2017-11-25 01:41:56
        許慎德
        中華詩詞(2016年10期)2017-02-22 17:00:39
        對外漢語教學(xué)角度的許慎文化研究
        張幼儀:打造商界傳奇的徐志摩棄婦
        欧美人与动牲交片免费| 国产在线高清理伦片a| 成人高清在线播放视频| 亚洲av区,一区二区三区色婷婷| 18禁止看的免费污网站| 久久视频在线| 欧洲色综合| 伊人狠狠色j香婷婷综合| 亚洲av天堂一区二区| 精品少妇一区二区av免费观看| 一本加勒比hezyo无码专区| 狠狠色综合网站久久久久久久| 一本一本久久a久久精品综合| 亚洲精品精品日本日本| 国产精品一区二区黄色| 亚洲国产精品久久人人爱| av中文字幕综合在线| 精品人妻一区二区三区av| 婷婷色婷婷开心五月四| 日本aⅴ大伊香蕉精品视频| 精品国产网红福利在线观看| 亚洲免费成年女性毛视频| 国产3p一区二区三区精品| 亚洲国产果冻传媒av在线观看| 色综合久久久久久久久久| 伊人精品在线观看| 国产成人精品中文字幕| 国产一区二区自拍刺激在线观看| 亚洲色www成人永久网址| 中文字幕第一页亚洲观看| 亚洲一区二区一区二区免费视频| 国产精品成人自拍在线观看| 国产精品无码aⅴ嫩草| 中文字幕第1页中文字幕在| 亚洲av乱码国产精品观看麻豆| 激情综合婷婷色五月蜜桃| 18禁美女裸身无遮挡免费网站| 久久亚洲AV成人一二三区| 亚洲一区二区三区免费av| 中文字幕人妻在线中字| 亚洲国产长腿丝袜av天堂|