亚洲免费av电影一区二区三区,日韩爱爱视频,51精品视频一区二区三区,91视频爱爱,日韩欧美在线播放视频,中文字幕少妇AV,亚洲电影中文字幕,久久久久亚洲av成人网址,久久综合视频网站,国产在线不卡免费播放

        ?

        2021-06-18 07:04:18
        漢語世界 2021年3期
        關(guān)鍵詞:棄婦醉翁亭記許慎

        A character to rest against

        休:停下來,也是另外一種開始

        One morning circa 1046 BCE,the poet Ouyang Xiu (歐陽修) was struck by the sight of people from different walks of life taking different routes up the mist-shrouded Mount Chushan (滁山) in modern-day Anhui province.He immortalized his feelings in the essay, “Account from the Old Drunkard’s Pavilion (《醉翁亭記》)”:“Those carrying burdens sing along the road, while those walking rest under trees (至于負(fù)者歌于途,行者休于樹Zhìyú fùzhě gē yú tú, xíngzhě xiū yú shù).”

        In both the ancient world and the modern day, much has been written on the importance of rest.Poet Lu You(陸游), who lived in the 12th and 13th centuries, wrote after a long evening of studying by the lamp, “What do I accomplish from working hard? It is better to have used the time to rest(默默何所為?且復(fù)自休息 Mòmò hé suǒ wéi? Qiě fù zì xiūxī).” Likewise, Bai Juyi (白居易), a renowned poet of the Tang dynasty (618-907), wrote, “It is common to see people who are busy suffer from disease, while rare to see healthy people willing to rest (多見忙時已衰病, 少聞健日肯休閑 Duō jiàn mángshí yǐ shuāi bìng, shǎo wén jiànrì kěn xiūxián).”

        The Chinese character for rest is休 (xiū).It takes a form which is both simple and self-explanatory: on the left is 亻, the “person,” and on the right is a tree, “木.” Combined, they create a pictorial character resembling a person leaning against a tree.The characterhas become simplified by retaining its general form from the Shang dynasty(1600-1046 BCE) to the present.

        The earliest meaning of the character is “to rest” or “to halt,” as indicated by the Han dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE)linguist Xu Shen (許慎) in theAnalytical Dictionary of Chinese Characters(《說文解字》): “休 is the action of rest and stopping (休,息止也 Xiū, xī zhǐ yě).”This meaning persists today, commonly found in terms like 休息 (xiūxi, to take a break) and 休業(yè) (xiūyè, to suspend business).

        Breaks are a chance to recharge and regain energy.Thus, 休 later took on the connotation of recovery.For instance, a ceasefire is 休戰(zhàn) (xiūzhàn),and temporary absence from school due to illness or personal reasons is 休學(xué) (xiūxué).

        But some breaks are permanent.In the patriarchal world of feudal China,men (and only men) were allowed to end a marriage, divorcing their wife(休妻 xiūqī) using a document called 休書 (xiūshū) if she violated one of seven moral codes, such as by committing adultery and failing to bear children.Divorced women, called 棄婦 (qìfù,discarded wives), faced being insulted by their neighbors and indifference from their family members, and some even committed suicide to redeem their honor.

        Today’s overburdened employees often fantasize about the time they can stop working and enjoy 退休 (tuìxiū,retirement).For ancient Chinese literati though, 休 often evoked sorrow, as many were forced into retirement by political exile or the machinations of rivals at court.Du Fu (杜甫), a poet and politician of the Tang dynasty, was full of bitterness in his twilight years after being expelled from the Tang court at Chang’an.He shared his opinion of retirement in a poem that goes,“名豈文章著,官因老病休 (Míng qǐ wénzhāng zhù, guān yīn lǎobìng xiū, I made a name for myself with my poems and articles, but now I have to retire due to my illness and old age)?”

        The character 休 also implies“prevention.” For instance, one might warn a rude person in an old-fashioned way, “Do not be impolite (休得無禮 Xiūdé wǔlǐ).” A person who makes an unrealistic or insulting proposal to someone else might find themselves rejected with the phrase “Don’t even think about it (休想 xiūxiǎng)!”

        A person who rests under a tree is also seeking shelter under its thick foliage.Therefore, 休 has also taken on the connotation of “protection.”Archeologists have found bronzeware dating back to the Western Zhou dynasty (1046-771 BCE) engraved with the idiom 對揚(yáng)王休 (duìyáng wángxiū, gratitude for the protection of the king), signaling the bond between a sovereign and his vassal.

        Being taken under the wing of a protector is a blessing, so 休 has also been extended to mean auspiciousness and felicity.As beings sharing this planet and bonded by a common destiny, all humanity 休戚與共 (xiūqī-yǔgòng,shares prosperity as well as woe).

        猜你喜歡
        棄婦醉翁亭記許慎
        《詩經(jīng)》“棄婦詩”研究綜述
        《詩經(jīng)》棄婦詩近十年研究綜述
        教學(xué)內(nèi)容是實(shí)現(xiàn)語文有效教學(xué)的基石——以《醉翁亭記》教學(xué)為例
        扣題而教——《醉翁亭記》教學(xué)創(chuàng)意
        功能對等理論下《醉翁亭記》英譯本的對比研究
        許慎文化園簡介
        古今棄婦形象的轉(zhuǎn)變及婦女地位的反思
        長江叢刊(2017年6期)2017-11-25 01:41:56
        許慎德
        中華詩詞(2016年10期)2017-02-22 17:00:39
        對外漢語教學(xué)角度的許慎文化研究
        張幼儀:打造商界傳奇的徐志摩棄婦
        日本国产精品高清在线| 最近中文av字幕在线中文| 亚洲另在线日韩综合色| 国产丝袜在线福利观看| 久久精品免费中文字幕| 帮老师解开蕾丝奶罩吸乳视频| 无码的精品免费不卡在线| 国产后入内射在线观看| 97中文字幕精品一区二区三区| 久久香蕉国产线看观看精品yw| 在线观看免费人成视频| 亚洲一本之道高清在线观看| 国产在线一区二区三区乱码| 国产av丝袜旗袍无码网站| 91亚洲国产成人aⅴ毛片大全| 蜜桃av一区二区三区| 最美女人体内射精一区二区 | 国产免费人成视频在线播放播| 精品国产亚洲av久一区二区三区 | 国产自拍一区二区三区| 中文字幕人妻伦伦| 色偷偷一区二区无码视频| 亚洲精品综合在线影院| 日本不卡一区二区三区在线视频| 日韩精品一区二区三区中文 | 国产360激情盗摄一区在线观看| 日本a爱视频二区三区| 亚洲av永久无码精品网站在线观看| 亚洲h视频| 日韩在线精品视频免费| 国产精品无码翘臀在线观看 | 亚洲av乱码一区二区三区按摩 | 成 人 网 站 在线 看 免费 | 精品人无码一区二区三区| 成人无码免费一区二区三区| 免费在线观看一区二区| 亚洲成人精品久久久国产精品| 东北女人毛多水多牲交视频| 国产最新AV在线播放不卡| 国产福利一区二区三区在线观看| 日韩日韩日韩日韩日韩|