劉欣超 王飛 李文超 顧有方
摘 要:動(dòng)物寄生蟲(chóng)病學(xué)是動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)的一門(mén)主干課程。為加深學(xué)生對(duì)動(dòng)物寄生蟲(chóng)病相關(guān)知識(shí)的理解,培養(yǎng)其臨床思維,提高學(xué)習(xí)興趣和積極性,鍛煉綜合能力,在動(dòng)物寄生蟲(chóng)教學(xué)活動(dòng)中通過(guò)案例設(shè)計(jì)、案例布置、案例實(shí)施、教師點(diǎn)評(píng)等措施打造出適合動(dòng)物寄生蟲(chóng)病學(xué)案例教學(xué)方式。結(jié)果表明:該教學(xué)方法能夠培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獨(dú)立分析和解決問(wèn)題的能力,提高掌握知識(shí)點(diǎn)的深度,調(diào)動(dòng)課堂積極性,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,增加團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作能力,學(xué)生反映良好,是一種適合動(dòng)物寄生蟲(chóng)病學(xué)課程的教學(xué)方法,可為地方應(yīng)用型高校動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué)相關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)教學(xué)提供參考。
關(guān)鍵詞:案例教學(xué);動(dòng)物寄生蟲(chóng)病學(xué);動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué);地方應(yīng)用型高校;教學(xué)促進(jìn)
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào) G642.0文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A文章編號(hào) 1007-7731(2021)03-0150-03
The Application of Case Teaching Method in Veterinary Parasitology at Local Application-oriented Universities
LIU Xinchao et al.
(Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China; College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China)
Abstract: Veterinary parasitology is a major course of Veterinary medicine.In order to deepen students' understanding of the knowledge related to animal parasitic diseases, cultivate their clinical thinking, improve their learning interest and enthusiasm, and exercise their Veterinary medicine omprehensive ability, the author created a teaching method suitable for animal parasitic diseases by designing cases, arranging cases, implementing cases, and reviewing by teachers in the teaching activities of Veterinary Parasitology.The results showed that this kind of teaching method can cultivate students' independent analysis and problem solving ability, increase the depth of the knowledge, arouse the enthusiasm of the class, and stimulate students interest in learning, increase the cooperation ability, which is a kind of suitable teaching method for Veterinary Parasitology, and can provide a reference for the other subjects of Veterinary medicine in Local application-oriented universities.
Key words: Case teaching; Veterinary parasitology; Veterinary medicine; Local application-oriented universities; Promote the teaching
動(dòng)物疾病大體可分為傳染病、非傳染病和寄生蟲(chóng)病3類(lèi),作為3類(lèi)疾病中的一種,動(dòng)物寄生蟲(chóng)病學(xué)已成為動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)生必須掌握的核心課程,在預(yù)防獸醫(yī)、基礎(chǔ)獸醫(yī)、臨床獸醫(yī)的科學(xué)研究和臨床工作中都占據(jù)著十分重要的地位。另外,人畜共患病中有58種寄生蟲(chóng)病,某些寄生蟲(chóng)既可以感染人,又可以感染動(dòng)物。因此,研究動(dòng)物寄生蟲(chóng)病生活史以及致病機(jī)理等問(wèn)題,對(duì)于人畜共患病的診療具有積極的推動(dòng)作用。目前,大多數(shù)農(nóng)業(yè)類(lèi)院校動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)大多采用傳統(tǒng)單一的教學(xué)方法和陳舊教學(xué)體系,學(xué)生所學(xué)和社會(huì)所需產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重脫節(jié),教學(xué)體系缺乏創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)以及課程思政等內(nèi)容,已不能完全適應(yīng)當(dāng)代地方應(yīng)用型高校教育的目標(biāo)要求。案例教學(xué)法是一種以案例為基礎(chǔ)的教學(xué)方法,與動(dòng)物寄生蟲(chóng)病教學(xué)契合性比較高。為此,筆者在自己所教授的動(dòng)物寄生蟲(chóng)課程引入案例教學(xué)方法,取得了一定的效果。本文對(duì)一個(gè)學(xué)期教學(xué)成果進(jìn)行了總結(jié),以期為今后的教學(xué)提供新思路和參考。
1 案例教學(xué)可行性分析
1.1 案例教學(xué)法特點(diǎn) 案例教學(xué)法是一種開(kāi)放式、互動(dòng)式、啟發(fā)式的教學(xué)方法,通過(guò)典型案例分析引導(dǎo)學(xué)生主動(dòng)思考、討論、質(zhì)疑和解決問(wèn)題。相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的授課方式,案例教學(xué)具有更加靈活的教學(xué)模式,更加活躍的課堂氣氛[1],從而更加能激發(fā)學(xué)生主動(dòng)性的特點(diǎn)。該教學(xué)方法不拘泥于單純的教師講授,還結(jié)合學(xué)生的思考和討論匯報(bào),兩種手段有機(jī)結(jié)合,最終通過(guò)案例教學(xué)的方法,增加教學(xué)過(guò)程中學(xué)生的主體作用,是一種開(kāi)放式的教學(xué)模式[2]。既能達(dá)到預(yù)期的教學(xué)目的,又兼顧學(xué)生綜合能力的提升。