朱秀蘭

一、in表示“用”。

1. 用……語言。

Try to write it in Japanese.

2. 用……材料。

You have made many models in plastic.

3. 用……表達(dá)方式。

They can take down the conversation in shorthand.

4. 用……聲調(diào)。

He spoke in such a low voice that she couldn’t hear him at all.

5. 用……筆寫。

You shouldn’t write the letter in pencil.

6. 用……度量單位。

Time can be measured in seconds.

7. 用在……之中。

We can boil the eggs in water.

8. 在某些短語中表示“用”。

in this way，in silence，in haste...

二、with表示“用”。

1. 用某一有形的工具。

Helen can write the composition with a pen.

Measure his speed with a stop watch.

2. 用……方式，后跟一抽象名詞。

We should help them with all our hearts.

Her daughter listened to her with interest.

3. 用……材料。

Try to make a tiger with paper.

Cover the table with a piece of cloth.

三、by表示“用”。

1. 采用……方式。

We keep watch by turns.

Learn the text by heart.

2. 采用……手段。

We should drive him away by force.

He has done his work very well by this means.

3. 采用……途徑。

His son makes a living by hunting.

Only by working hard can you succeed in passing the exam.

4. 采用……交通工具。

My mother often go to school by bike.

Her father went there by taxi.

注意：by用作“采用什么交通工具”時(shí)，交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞，否則就不能用by。

四、on表示“用”。

1. 動(dòng)作明顯發(fā)生在所用工具表面之上。

We can weigh it on a balance.

The three cheats pretended to weave cloth on the empty looms.

2. 某些短語中，表示“采用……方式”。

on foot，on horseback，on a donkey...

五、through表示“用”，主要用于動(dòng)作與所用物之間需要通過某一媒介時(shí)。

They talked each other through an interpreter.

We can only test our ideas through practice.

六、over表示“用”。

1. 動(dòng)作在所用物的“上方”進(jìn)行。

He baked the bread over fire.

2. 表示動(dòng)作的途徑。

The students listen to the news broadcast over radio.

七、表示“用……材料制成或組成”時(shí)，有以下詞組。

1. 用“be made from...”表示“從產(chǎn)品表面看不出原材料，產(chǎn)品發(fā)生了質(zhì)的變化”。

Glass is made from sand.

2. 用“be made of...”表示“從產(chǎn)品表面能看出原材料，產(chǎn)品未發(fā)生質(zhì)的變化”。

The hats are made of straw.

3. 用“be made up of...”表示“由……組成”。

Water is made up of oxygen and hydrogen.