建筑和室內(nèi)方案設(shè)計(jì)：貝諾建筑設(shè)計(jì)公司

Concept Design Architect and Interior Designer: Benoy Limited

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1 L1層出發(fā)主入口車行道/Level 1 departure car drop off

2 L1層出發(fā)主入口公交車泊車入口/Level 1 departure bus drop-off entrance

至2013 年，樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)原有3 座航站樓和1 座廉價(jià)航站樓，旅客數(shù)量包達(dá)到每年5370 萬(wàn)人次。樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)集團(tuán)（CAG）決定再新建一座航站樓來(lái)取代已有的廉價(jià)航站樓，以滿足未來(lái)的旅客需求。

樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)集團(tuán)旨在將T4 航站樓打造成一座符合機(jī)場(chǎng)發(fā)展愿景與理念、面向未來(lái)的體驗(yàn)勝地。而在運(yùn)營(yíng)層面，CAG 希望這座年均吞吐能力可達(dá)1600 萬(wàn)人次的大型現(xiàn)代化機(jī)場(chǎng)航站樓能夠帶來(lái)卓越的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，且與此同時(shí)，“活力雋永，妙趣橫生，精彩紛呈”，這一切的高品質(zhì)追求源于樟宜的不變理念——提供熱情周到的服務(wù)、舒適貼心的感受和多姿多彩的體驗(yàn)，最重要的是，創(chuàng)造令人愉悅的顧客體驗(yàn)。

經(jīng)過(guò)一番嚴(yán)格遴選，2012 年，樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)委托貝諾承擔(dān)T4 航站樓建筑和室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的方案設(shè)計(jì)。作為整個(gè)項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)的一部分，貝諾與SAA（負(fù)責(zé)建筑與合同管理）、Aecom（負(fù)責(zé)結(jié)構(gòu)工程）、Beca（負(fù)責(zé)MEP 機(jī)電暖通和IT 工程科技）、Ignesis（負(fù)責(zé)消防工程）、Lichtvision（負(fù)責(zé)照明設(shè)計(jì)）和ICN（負(fù)責(zé)景觀設(shè)計(jì)）聯(lián)合完成了這項(xiàng)宏大的工程。

2012-2014 年，T4 航站樓項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)完成了概念方案、建筑及工程設(shè)計(jì)，并于2014 年初開(kāi)始動(dòng)工，于2016 年12 月16 日竣工，最終工程造價(jià)12.8 億新加坡元（10.3 億美元），并已于2017 年10 月31日正式向公眾開(kāi)放。

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喚起身臨其境的歸屬感

樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)T4 航站樓總建筑面積225,000m2，通過(guò)一個(gè)光彩耀目的多層娛樂(lè)綜合體“星耀樟宜”與機(jī)場(chǎng)的其他主要航站樓相連。星耀樟宜和T4 航站樓均融入了豐富的生態(tài)元素；例如星耀樟宜擁有一片栩栩如生的熱帶雨林和星空花園，而T4 航站樓內(nèi)則栽種了50 多萬(wàn)株室內(nèi)綠植和樹(shù)木。

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)希望借助這一綠意盎然的設(shè)計(jì)將航站樓與新加坡郁郁蔥蔥的園林景觀聯(lián)系起來(lái)，實(shí)現(xiàn)CAG 的一大設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)：?jiǎn)酒鹨环N身臨其境的歸屬感。因此，在概念設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)充分考慮了當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)土人情。例如，在航站樓建筑中融入蘭花（新加坡國(guó)花）的設(shè)計(jì)元素，67 個(gè)花瓣?duì)畹奶齑皯腋≡谥醒霃V場(chǎng)上，為航站樓增添了精美雅致的氣息。地毯、重要節(jié)點(diǎn)和軟裝陳設(shè)上也零星散布著蘭花圖案裝飾。其他各處廣泛運(yùn)用玻璃和透明設(shè)計(jì)，不僅形成開(kāi)闊的視野，讓旅客可以清晰地將周圍環(huán)境盡收眼底，也打破了航站樓與外界的隔閡，實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)縫銜接。

在傳統(tǒng)文化區(qū)內(nèi)，一排出售傳統(tǒng)美食和本土產(chǎn)品的店鋪門頭設(shè)計(jì)極富娘惹建筑風(fēng)格，也讓這種身臨其境的歸屬感愈加形象，充滿獅城風(fēng)情。店鋪外門頭及外立面裝飾生動(dòng)講述了中國(guó)巴洛克風(fēng)格和新加坡折衷主義建筑的演變歷程，同時(shí)表現(xiàn)了充滿濃厚的1930 年代新加坡民眾的生活氣息。

旅客手續(xù)辦理行程與體驗(yàn)

順利完成一系列手續(xù)辦理流程是樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)旅客體驗(yàn)的一大關(guān)鍵組成部分。航站樓入口處設(shè)有紅毯式車行道，熱情歡迎到達(dá)樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)的旅客。旅客進(jìn)入出發(fā)廳后在自助值機(jī)亭和自助行李托運(yùn)處辦理自動(dòng)值機(jī)及行李托運(yùn)，然后可以在此通過(guò)直觀的FAST（暢快通行）系統(tǒng)完成護(hù)照掃描、登機(jī)牌打印等全套便捷操作，之后便可進(jìn)入航站樓。

而在自助通關(guān)閘門，旅客只需再次掃描護(hù)照，通過(guò)面部和指紋識(shí)別確認(rèn)身份就能快速順利通關(guān)。整個(gè)過(guò)程快速、便捷而靈活。為緩解旅客的壓力感，安檢區(qū)配置了各類可以分散注意力的設(shè)施，尤其是被稱為“樟宜奇跡墻”的交互式LED 屏和顯示器，上面顯示有各種趣味元素，幫助旅客放松心情。

集中式安檢系統(tǒng)技術(shù)是樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)T4 航站樓的一大前沿亮點(diǎn)。樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)首次在T4 航站樓使用100%計(jì)算機(jī)斷層掃描X 光機(jī)來(lái)掃描旅客的隨身行李。借助配備自動(dòng)威脅檢測(cè)功能的3D 包裹成像技術(shù)，旅客無(wú)需將筆記本電腦從包中取出就可以通過(guò)安檢，從而進(jìn)一步減少排隊(duì)時(shí)間，加快通行。

通過(guò)安檢后，旅客進(jìn)入航站樓綠樹(shù)成蔭的商業(yè)零售通道，這里同樣充分運(yùn)用了空間、燈光和綠植來(lái)優(yōu)化旅客體驗(yàn)。零售商店一路延伸至中央圓頂，與柔和的建筑邊界和曲線元素相擁交匯。這些優(yōu)雅設(shè)計(jì)在不知不覺(jué)中產(chǎn)生引導(dǎo)作用，讓旅客在瀏覽、購(gòu)物和漫步時(shí)慢慢地向前移動(dòng)。這是樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)穿行式零售體驗(yàn)的首次嘗試，80 多家零售店鋪和餐廳，300m 長(zhǎng)的中央廣場(chǎng)，以及一片擁有獨(dú)特“零售娛樂(lè)”熱點(diǎn)的免稅區(qū)在此匯集。

在航站樓的這一中心位置，透明美學(xué)的設(shè)計(jì)理念令人驚艷——大跨度結(jié)構(gòu)體系免去了大量承重柱，開(kāi)辟出大面積貫通的內(nèi)部空間，而用來(lái)分隔陸側(cè)與空側(cè)的傳統(tǒng)墻體也被夢(mèng)幻的玻璃海洋所掩蓋。整片區(qū)域視線明亮通透，旅客在通過(guò)該區(qū)域時(shí)從很遠(yuǎn)處就能看見(jiàn)到達(dá)的親友。

出發(fā)中轉(zhuǎn)區(qū)域同樣設(shè)有零售店鋪和餐廳，旅客通過(guò)自動(dòng)登機(jī)門就可以順利登機(jī)。

可持續(xù)運(yùn)營(yíng)

樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)T4 航站樓也是可持續(xù)機(jī)場(chǎng)設(shè)計(jì)的創(chuàng)新典范。T4 航站樓采用高性能的建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)，隨處可見(jiàn)的玻璃和天窗元素使光線能夠最大限度地透入，從而減少日間的人工照明需求。在低峰時(shí)段將部分區(qū)域的燈光調(diào)暗，日落后使用LED 燈照亮航站樓內(nèi)部。通過(guò)精密的能源管理系統(tǒng)，CAG 可以監(jiān)測(cè)整個(gè)航站樓的能源消耗情況?？沙掷m(xù)設(shè)計(jì)還涵蓋水資源管理，包括T4 航站樓空調(diào)機(jī)組（AHU）冷凝水的回收以及雨水收集和泄漏檢測(cè)。

通過(guò)這些舉措，T4 航站樓不僅達(dá)到了新加坡的綠色建筑標(biāo)志標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求，而且獲得了綠色建筑標(biāo)志超金獎(jiǎng)。這座航站樓儼然已成為現(xiàn)代機(jī)場(chǎng)環(huán)境的最新全球標(biāo)桿。

By 2013, with Terminal 1 ,2 & 3 and a budget terminal, passenger numbers through Changi reached 53.7 million a year. Changi Airport Group (CAG) decided another terminal was needed to replace its budget facility and meet future passenger demand.

With Terminal 4, CAG set out to create an experiential and future-focused facility that aligned with the airport's vision and ethos. At an operational level, CAG wanted a large-scale, commercially viable modern airport terminal, with capacity to handle up to 16 million passengers a year. CAG also wanted T4 to be "vibrant, fun and positively surprising". These qualities link with Changi's philosophy of providing hospitality, comfort and colour - and above all, a pleasurable customer experience.

Following a rigorous selection process, in 2012 Benoy was appointed Concept Design Architect and Interior Designer for Changi T4. Working as part of a project consortium, Benoy was engaged alongside SAA (architecture and contract administration), Aecom (structural engineering), Beca (MEP and IT), Ignesis (fire engineering), Lichtvision (lighting design), and ICN (landscape design).

Between 2012 and 2014, the T4 project consortium developed the concept, architectural and engineering designs, with construction beginning in early 2014. Changi T4 was completed on 16 December 2016 at a final project cost of S$1.28bn (US$1.03bn), and officially opened to the public on 31 October 2017.

A Sense of Place

Changi T4 covers an area of 225,000m2and is connected to the airport's other main terminals via a dazzling, multi-level entertainment complex known as Jewel. Both Jewel and T4 contain strong biophilic elements; in the case of Jewel, a live rainforest and canopy park, and in T4 over 500,000 indoor plants and trees.

Through the use of biophilia, the idea was to integrate the terminal with Singapore's rich garden landscape and, in doing so, meet one of CAG's key design objectives: to evoke a sense of place. The concept designs are therefore based on the local and the vernacular. The orchid, for example, Singapore's national flower, is embedded in the terminal's architecture, with 67 petal-shaped skylights overhanging the central galleria. Multiple orchid motifs are also scattered across carpets, touchpoints and furniture. Elsewhere, passengers maintain a clear line of sight with the surrounding environment through the pervasive use of glass and transparency, creating a seamless link between the terminal and its city context.

A sense of place is also reinforced through heritage features, including a row of shophouses replicating Peranakan architecture and selling traditional food and local produce. The shophouse fa?ades tell the story of the evolution of Chinese Baroque and Singapore Eclectic architecture, while conjuring vivid insight into life in 1930s Singapore.

The Passenger Journey and Experience

A smooth journey through the terminal is a key component of the overall passenger experience at Changi. Upon arrival, at the terminal's entrance, passengers receive a red carpet greeting and welcome. They then enter the departure area where they are met by the automated check-in and bag drop kiosks. Here, an intuitive FAST (fast and seamless travel) system enables passengers to simply scan their passports, print their boarding passes and move on into the terminal.

At the automated immigration gate, passengers again scan their passport and have their identity conf irmed via facial and thumbprint recognition. This ensures speed, convenience and flexibility. And as they move through security, passengers are offered a multiplicity of distractions to prevent any feelings of stress. In particular, interactive LED screens and displays - known as "the Changi Wonder Wall" - provide diverting elements to help promote relaxation.

Changi T4's centralised security system technology is also uniquely cutting-edge. T4 is the first of Changi's terminals to use 100% computed, tomography-based X-ray machines to scan carry-on luggage. And through the use of 3D bag imaging with auto-threat detection capabilities, passengers can pass through security without having to remove laptops from their bags, which once again minimises queuing and improves the fluidity of passenger movement.

Once through security, passengers enter the terminal's tree-lined retail spine, where the experience is again mediated through a generosity of space, light and greenery. Retail pods jut out into the central cavity, where the soft architectural edges and curves continue. These elegant features help to nudge the passenger on, enabling a gentle flow of people through the building as they browse, shop and stroll. This is Changi airport's first-ever walkthrough retail experience. It comprises over 80 retail stores and restaurants and a 300-metre central galleria, including a duty-free zone with unique "retailtainment" hotspots.

At this central point in the terminal, the aesthetic of transparency really comes into play. Large structural spans obviate the need for multiple columns, creating an open and spacious interior, while the walls that traditionally separate landside and airside dissolve in a sea of glass. Passengers passing through this zone can see relatives or arrivals from a distance, with clear lines of sight from one side to the other.

Retail and F&B outlets also line the departure transit area, while Automated Boarding Gates enable final smooth passage to the waiting aircraft.

Sustainable Operations

Changi T4 has also pushed the boundaries of sustainable airport design. With a high-performing building envelope, T4's use of glass and skylights maximises daylight penetration, reducing the need for artificial lighting by day. Dimmed lighting is used during low-peak periods in certain areas, while LEDs are deployed after sunset to illuminate the terminal's interior. A sophisticated Energy Management System also allows CAG to monitor energy consumption across the terminal. Water management, meanwhile, includes the recycling of condensate water from T4's air handling units (AHUs), plus rainwater harvesting and leak detection.

Through these initiatives, T4 airport aligns with Singapore's Green Mark standard, and has in fact achieved the Green Mark Gold Plus. It has truly set a new global benchmark for modern airport environments.

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

業(yè)主/Client: 樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)集團(tuán)/Changi Airport Group (CAG)

建筑和室內(nèi)方案設(shè)計(jì)/Concept Design Architect and Interior Designer: 貝諾建筑設(shè)計(jì)公司/Benoy Limited

建筑與合同管理/Architecture and Contract Administration: SAA

結(jié)構(gòu)工程/Structural Engineering: Aecom

MEP機(jī)電暖通和IT工程科技/MEP and IT: Beca

負(fù)責(zé)消防工程/Fire Engineering: Ignesis

燈光照明設(shè)計(jì)/Lighting Design: Lichtvision

景觀設(shè)計(jì)/Landscape Design: ICN

建筑面積/Gross Floor Area: 225,000m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Time: 2012-2014

施工時(shí)間/Construction Time: 2014-2016.12.16

正式開(kāi)放日/Official Opening Date: 2017.10.31

攝影/Photos: James Stephenson (fig.1,2,8), Owen Raggett (fig.4,6,7)

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3 行李領(lǐng)取處平面/Baggage claim hall floor plan

4 內(nèi)景/Interior view

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5 剖透視效果圖/Sectional perspective rendering

6-8 內(nèi)景/Interior views