建筑設(shè)計(jì)：張宏儒/上海建科建筑設(shè)計(jì)院有限公司

瓷城醴陵以生產(chǎn)“現(xiàn)代官窯”瓷器而聞名，城中心古木參天的青云山，坐落著一所百年中學(xué)。山丘涵蓄雨水、滋養(yǎng)樹木、維持山腰的池塘，池塘則積存雨水、蒸發(fā)水汽，整個(gè)小山是一個(gè)完整的微生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。圖書館的基地位于山頂樹林，幾個(gè)數(shù)世同堂的樹家族才是這里的主人：我們沒來時(shí)，它們已經(jīng)在了，等我們走了，它們將繼續(xù)在此繁衍生息，我們不過是借用一下這片土地，所以我想保留基地上的全部大樹，將建筑布置在沒有樹木的空隙里。同時(shí)，聽風(fēng)雨穿過樹枝、看陽(yáng)光灑滿樹葉、和樹木一起成長(zhǎng)，這應(yīng)該也是青少年打開書本的正確方式。為此，諸多挑戰(zhàn)都被一一解決：保留原有的小圖書館進(jìn)行加固改建成為南翼；拆除基地中的危房宿舍，在其基址上新建北翼；在僅有兩棵大樹的中部布置連接大廳（也是門廳），其西面臨校園干道退讓樹林設(shè)主入口，大廳中的兩株大樹用玻璃庭院圍隔，其樹冠穿越門廳成為二層屋頂花園的主景；首層地面保持山頂原有地貌而形成了幾個(gè)標(biāo)高，使空間分區(qū)自然而活潑；緊湊的體量使建筑和樹木的通風(fēng)采光都很好；利用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)回收磚塊砌筑的清水紅磚墻增加了保溫性，表達(dá)對(duì)百年校舍的致敬；采用瓷廠廢瓷作為細(xì)骨料制作了高強(qiáng)混凝土地面。此外，建筑師設(shè)計(jì)了多款定制瓷燈罩，并利用醴陵獨(dú)特的釉下彩瓷工藝，設(shè)計(jì)了含有17種彩色瓷片的大廳壁畫。所有直接參與本工程的312人的姓名以篆印的方式出現(xiàn)在各自所選顏色的瓷片上，隨機(jī)分布在壁畫之中，沒有身份的差別。也許這是世界首座有全體作者“落款”的建筑。這個(gè)圖書館不追求端重和氣派，反思“正襟危坐、目不斜視”的讀書傳統(tǒng)，渲染輕松愉悅的閱讀氛圍，希望讓學(xué)子們?cè)谧匀坏纳l(fā)中健康快樂地成長(zhǎng)。

Liling is a small city famous for producing"modern official porcelain wares". A high school of more than 100 years is located in the Qingyun Hill with giant trees in the centre of the city. As a complete micro-ecosystem, the hill stores rainwater, nourishes trees, and maintains a pond on hillside, which stores water and evaporates moisture. The new library's site is located in the woods on hilltop. Here a few tree families with several generations are the real host: before we came, they already existed, and when we left they will continue to thrive here. The buildings are guests of the place as we are either. So, we hope to keep all the trees and arrange the building in the spare space. On the other hand, reading the nature would be as important as reading books for teenagers. Thus many challenges have been solved: as the south wing, the original small library was retained with reinforcement and reconstruction; Demolition of dilapidated dormitories in the base and construction of a new north wing on its base; a connecting hall (also the entrance hall) is put in the middle area luckily with only two trees. The west side of the hall is backed up from the road and woods to form the main entrance. The two big trees in the hall are enclosed by a glass courtyard, with the crowns crossing the roof, playing central role of the roof garden on the first floor. The ground has several levels according to the original shape of the hill top, dividing spaces lively. Compacted size helps the building and trees to get plenty of natural ventilation and daylight.The red-brick wall made of recycled bricks from the site characterised the 100-year-old school buildings, while strengthening the insulation. Waste porcelain granule from local factory is used to make concrete floor. The architect also designed the hall mural of porcelain tiles in 17 colours, using Liling's unique underglaze-colour porcelain craft. The names of all 312 people involved in the project appear on the tiles of their chosen colours in Chinese traditional seal script, distributed stochastically with no status order. Perhaps this is the first building in the world which is signed by all the authors. The library is not dignified and imposing,reflecting on the tradition of prim study. It offers a relaxed and pleasant reading atmosphere, trying to help the students grow healthily and happily with the nature.

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

業(yè)主/Client: 湖南省醴陵第一中學(xué)/The First High School of Liling, Hunan Province

景觀、室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)/Landscape & Interior Design: 上海建科建筑設(shè)計(jì)院有限公司/Shanghai Jianke Architectural Design Institute Co., Ltd.

設(shè)計(jì)總負(fù)責(zé)/Architect in Charge: 張宏儒/ZHANG Hongru

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: 張宏儒，王丹，倪雪卿，楊莉婷，魏毅，包煒/ZHANG Hongru, WANG Dan, NI Xueqing,YANG Liting, WEI Yi, BAO Wei

結(jié)構(gòu)/Structural Engineer: 戴旻，薛嵩/DAI Min, XUE Song設(shè)備/Electrical and Mechanical Engineer: 鄭華，阮雷杰，劉立華，郁文佳/ZHENG Hua, RUAN Leijie, LIU Lihua, YU Wenjia

總建筑面積/Total Floor Area: 4448m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Time: 2012.12

攝影/Photos: 胡義杰/HU Yijie

1 入口大廳/Enrance hall

2 樹庭/Courtyard

3 主入口/Main entrance

4 首層平面/Ground floor plan

5 剖面/Section