亚洲免费av电影一区二区三区,日韩爱爱视频,51精品视频一区二区三区,91视频爱爱,日韩欧美在线播放视频,中文字幕少妇AV,亚洲电影中文字幕,久久久久亚洲av成人网址,久久综合视频网站,国产在线不卡免费播放

        ?

        中國地衣新記錄屬

        2020-04-17 08:58:20賈澤峰
        廣西植物 2020年2期
        關(guān)鍵詞:子囊裂孔文字

        Abstract:? Based on the specimens collected from Yunnan Province, the lichen genus Schizotrema Mangold & Lumbsch is reported as new to China, with the species Schizotrema guadeloupense (Hale) Mangold & Lumbsch. Among Graphidaceae, the genus is characterized by its ascomata with concentrically layered margins composed of carbonized excipular remnants of older hymenia; the proper exciple is fused to indistinctly free, periphysoids are usually present, and the ascospores are transversely septate to muriform. The species S. guadeloupense is also new to Asia. In addition, notes of other five species in the genus are also given, with ecology and distribution, and worldwide key to species of Schizotrema is described in the present paper. All these results provide basic data information for the taxonomy of the family Graphidaceae.

        Key words: taxonomy, lichenized fungi, Ostropales, new record

        CLC number:? Q949Document code:? A

        摘要:? 該文報(bào)道了中國文字衣科地衣一新記錄屬——裂孔衣屬(Schizotrema Mangold & Lumbsch)及其1個(gè)新記錄種,即瓜島裂孔衣 [Schizotrema guadeloupense (Hale) Mangold & Lumbsch],標(biāo)本來自云南。該屬主要特征為地衣體殼狀,樹皮生,具子囊盤類或色盤衣類的子囊果,子囊果具再生層狀邊緣,固有盤被融合或不明顯,具側(cè)生側(cè)絲,子囊孢子橫隔透鏡或磚壁型。瓜島裂孔衣也是亞洲新記錄種。此外,該文還對(duì)裂孔衣屬其他5種的生態(tài)分布特征進(jìn)行了描述,并提供了該屬世界范圍檢索表。以上結(jié)果為文字衣科地衣的分類學(xué)研究提供了基礎(chǔ)資料。

        關(guān)鍵詞: 分類學(xué), 地衣型真菌, 厚頂盤目, 新記錄

        The genus Schizotrema Mangold & Lumbsch belonging to Graphidaceae, Ostropales Ostropomycetidae, Lecanoromycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, only comprises six species in thelotremoidGraphidaceae(Kalb, 2009; Mangold et al., 2009; Lumbsch et al., 2010; Rivas Plata et al., 2010, 2012, 2013; Lücking et al., 2016). It was rather recently established to accommodate species with rounded ascomata and a layered margin formed by concentrically arranged remnants of carbonized excipular tissue from older hymenia. In recent years, some small genera of graphidaceae have been reported in China, such as thelotremoid genera Chapsa (Xu & Jia, 2015) and Myriotrema (Xu et al., 2016), and graphioid genera Carbacarthographis (Jia et al., 2017; Liu et al., 2018), Fissurina (Jia et al., 2018) and Leiorreuma (Wang et al., 2015). Based on specimens collected from Yunnan Province, this genus is here newly reported from China, with a single species, Schizotrema guadeloupense.

        1Materials and Methods

        The specimens are deposited in Fungariuml of the College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, China (LCUF). OLYMPUS SZX16 and TECH XTS30D dissecting microscopes, and OLYMPUS BX53 compound microscope were used for the morphological and anatomical studies, and the lichen substances were detected using standardized thin layer chromatography (TLC). These were conducted as described in Jia & Wei (2016).

        2Descriptions

        Schizotrema Mangold & Lumbsch, in Mangold, Elix & Lumbsch, Fl. Australia 57: 657 (2009).

        Type species: Schizotrema zebrinum Mangold.

        Thallus corticolous, crustose, pale grey to yellowishgreen, smooth to rough. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Apothecia erumpent to prominent,± rounded,apothecioid but usually with a narrow pore, regenerating with concentrically layered excipula and laterally covered by thalline layer, concolorous with the thallus; excipula more or less carbonized, periphysoids usually present; new hymenia formed from below the previous hymenia; ascospores transversely septate or muriform, nonamyloid.

        Chemistry: βorcinol depsidones, or no lichen substances present.

        Notes: Schizotrema is characterized by erumpent to prominent, apothecioid ascomata with regenerating hymenia resulting in a ± distinctly layered margin, with an apically free proper exciple that is dark brown to carbonized, a strongly conglutinated hymenium, distinct lateral paraphyses, ascospores transversely septate to muriform, hyaline to yellowish or brownish at late maturity. The genus grows on bark and wood and is found worldwide, with a concentration of species in Australia, mainly in cooltemperate and warmtemperate rainforests, less commonly in subtropical and tropical habitats. Schizotrema is most similar to Topeliopsis Kantvilas & Vězda, but differs in the carbonized excipula. Several other genera of thelotremoid Graphidaceae form lateral paraphyses, viz. Acanthotrema Frisch, Chapsa A. Massal., Melanotopelia Lumbsch & Mangold, Pseudoramonia Kantvilas & Vězda, Schizotrema Mangold & Lumbsch, Thelotrema Ach., and Topeliopsis Kantvilas & Vězda. except for Melanotopelia and Schizotrema, have a noncarbonized excipulum, and Melanotrema differs from Schizotrema in the simple, nonlayered excipulum. Crutarndina Parnmen, Lücking & Lumbsch agrees with Schizotrema in the layered excipulum but only has the apical portion carbonized and both genera are phylogenetically unrelated.

        Schizotrema guadeloupense (Hale) Mangold & Lumbsch, in Mangold, Elix & Lumbsch, Fl. Australia 57: 657 (2009). —Thelotrema guadeloupense Hale, Phytologia 26: 416 (1973); type: Guadeloupe, Parc National de Guadeloupe, M. E. Hale 31633;holotype: US!

        Fig. 1

        Thallus partially endoperidermal, pale greyish green to pale olive, dull to glossy, smooth to rough, corticate; cortex 15-20 μm thick; photobiont layer continuous.

        Ascomata rounded to somewhat irregular, erumpent, 0.5-0.8 mm diam., regenerating with layered margins. Disc usually hidden by excipular material, pore 0.2-0.4 mm diam., rounded to angular, formed by the apices of the innermost excipular tissue. Proper exciple usually apically free, dark brown to carbonized and usually containing periderm cells. Hymenium 150-200 μm high; periphysoids conspicuous. Epithecium indistinct. Asci 8spored. Ascospores richly muriform, A, B. Thallus (Scales = 1 mm); C. Asci with ascospores (Scale = 50 μm); D, E. Asci with ascospores (Scale = 20 μm).

        ellipsoid to fusiform, with rounded to subacute ends, hyaline to brownish at late maturity,nonamyloid,40-70? μm × 15-20 μm, locules rounded to angular; ascospore wall thin, nonhalonate, I-.

        Chemistry: Stictic acid (major) and constictic acid (minor).

        Notes: Schizotrema guadeloupense is similar to S. schizolomum (Müll. Arg.) Mangold & Lumbsch, but the latter species has larger ascospores (60-180? μm × 20-40 μm) and produces salazinic acid. S. cryptotrema (Nyl.) Rivas Plata & Mangold is also somewhat similar, but differs in the rather cryptic ascomata and the psoromic acid chemistry.

        Ecology and Distribution: In China, the species grows on bark, known from tropical primeval forest of Mountain Daweishan in Yunnan Province, Southwest China. Associated lichens include species of Graphis. It was previously reported from the Antilles (Guadeloupe), Argentina, Australia (including Tasmania), and New Zealand (Mangold et al., 2009; Lumbsch et al., 2010), and is new to China and to both continental and tropical Asia.

        Specimens examined: China. YunnanGejiu City, Manhao Town, Malongdi, 1 280 m, 23 November 2011, Z. F. Jia 11488, 11493 (LCU).

        Notes on other five species of Schizotrema in the world

        Schizotrema cryptotrema (Nyl.) Rivas Plata & Mangold, in Rivas Plata, Lücking, Sipman, Mangold, Kalb & Lumbsch, Lichenologist 42(2): 184 (2010). —Thelotrema cryptotrema Nyl., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 57: 319 (1867).

        Schizotrema cryptotrema is characterized by ascomata morphological cryptic, with indistinctly layered; ascospores muriform; presence of psoromic acid.

        Ecology and Distribution: On bark. French Guiana, Brazil, Costa Rica (Nylander, 1867; Redinger, 1936), Venezuela (Kalb, 2009).

        Schizotrema flavolucens (Sipman) Lücking, in Lücking, Mangold & Lumbsch, Herzogia 29: 506 (2016). — Myriotrema flavolucens Sipman, Trop. Bryol. 6: 5 (1992).

        Schizotrema flavolucens is characterized by conspicuous, layered ascomata with carbonized proper exciple; asci 8spored; ascospores hyaline, nonamyloid, 18-25? μm × 7-11 μm, transversely septate, with (3-) 5 (-6) locules; presence of lichexanthone.

        Ecology and Distribution: On twigs in humid savannah vegetation on sandstone flats at tableland. Veneznela (Sipman, 1992).

        Schizotrema schizolomum (Müll. Arg.) Mangold & Lumbsch, in Mangold, Elix & Lumbsch, Fl. Australia 57: 657 (2009). — Leptotrema schizoloma Müll. Arg., Nuov. Giorn. Botan. Ital. 21: 49 (1889).

        Schizotrema schizolomumis characterized by regenerating, distinctly layered and carbonized ascomata; 1-4 (-6) spored asci; large, thin walled, mainly nonamyloid, muriform ascospores sized 60-180? μm × 20-40 μm; presence of salazinic acid or no lichen substances .

        Ecology and Distribution: On bark and wood in cooltemperate to warmtemperate rainforests.Tasmania, New Zealand, Argentina, Australia (Mangold et al., 2009; Lumbsch et al., 2010).

        Schizotrema subzebrinum Mangold, in Mangold , Elix & Lumbsch, Fl. Australia 57: 657 (2009).

        Schizotrema subzebrinum is characterized by inconspicuous, erumpent, distinctly layered and distinctly carbonized ascomata; asci 8spored; ascospores hyaline, nonamyloid, 20-35 μm × 7-10 μm, submuriform, with 10-14 × 1-2 (-3) locules; absence of lichen substances.

        Ecology and Distribution: On bark in warmtemperate rainforest. NSW (Mangold et al., 2009).

        Schizotrema zebrinum Mangold, in Mangold, Elix & Lumbsch, Fl. Australia 57: 657 (2009).

        Schizotrema zebrinum is characterized by conspicuous, layered ascomata with carbonized thick proper exciple; asci 6-8spored; ascospores hyaline, nonamyloid, 30-80? μm × 6-11 μm, transversely septate, with 12-22 locules; presence of variable chemistry containing stictic acid, constictic acid, conprotocetraric acid, protocetraric acid, and so on (major to absent).

        Ecology and Distribution: On bark in cooltemperate to warmtemperate and tropical montane rainforests. Australia (Mangold et al., 2009), New Zealand (Lumbsch et al., 2010).

        Worldwide key to species of Schizotrema1a. Ascospores transversely septate2

        1b. Ascospores (sub) muriform 3

        2a. Ascospores 30-80 μm × 6-11 μm, with 12-22 locules; stictic or fumarprotocetraric acids present

        Schizotrema zebrinum Mangold

        2b. Ascospores 18-25 μm × 7-11 μm, with (3-)5(-6) locules; lichexanthone present

        S. flavolucens (Sipman) Lücking

        3a. Ascospores submuriform, 20-35 μm × 7-10 μm; no lichen substancesS. subzebrinum Mangold

        3b. Ascospores muriform, 35-180 μm × 15-40 μm; chemistry variable4

        4a. Ascospores 60-180 μm × 20-40 μm; salazinic acid or no lichen substances

        S. schizolomum (Müll. Arg.) Mangold & Lumbsch

        4b. Ascospores 35-80 μm × 15-30 μm; psoromic or stictic acid or cinchonarum unknowns5

        5a. Stictic acid (major) and constictic acid (trace); apothecia with distinctly layered margins

        S. guadeloupense (Hale) Mangold & Lumbsch

        5b. Psoromic acid present; apothecia morphologically cryptic, with indistinctly layered margins

        S. cryptotrema (Nyl.) Rivas Plata & Mangold

        AcknowledgmentsThe first author is very grateful to Dr. Harrie Sipman for his help with TLC studies and also thanks the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum (BGBM), Free University of Berlin, for its hospitality during a research visit in Germany. The collaborative study of family Graphidaceae was also done with the project of Shandong Provincial Education Association for International Exchanges.

        References:

        JIA ZF, LI J, YANG MZ, 2017. Carbacanthographis (Graphidaceae), a lichen genus new to Guangxi? [J]. Guihaia, 37(2): 231-233.? [賈澤峰, 李健, 楊夢(mèng)竹, 2017. 廣西地衣新記錄屬——炭刺文衣屬? [J]. 廣西植物, 37(2): 231-233.]

        JIA ZF, LCKING R, LI J, et al., 2018. A preliminary study of the lichen genus Fissurina (Graphidaceae) in China? [J]. Mycosystema, 37(7): 881-895.

        JIA ZF, WEI JC, 2016. Flora lichenum sinicorum. Vol. 13. Ostropales (I). - Graphidaceae 1? [M]. Beijing: Science Press:? 1-210.? [賈澤峰, 魏江春, 2016. 中國地衣志,第13卷. 厚頂盤目 (I). 文字衣科 (1)? [M]. 北京: 科學(xué)出版社出版: 1-210.]

        KALB K, 2009. New taxa and new records of thelotremoid Graphidaceae [J]. Herzogia, 22: 17-42

        LIU FY, DOU MZ, ZHENG XJ, et al., 2018. A new record species of lichen genus Carbacanthographis to China? [J]. J Liaocheng Univ (Nat Sci Ed), 31: 80-82.? [劉飛月, 豆明珠, 鄭曉佳, 等,2018. 中國炭刺文衣屬地衣一新記錄種? [J]. 聊城大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào) (自然科學(xué)版), 31: 80-82.]

        LCKING R, MONGOLD A, LUMBSCH HT, 2016. A world wide key to species of the genera Myriotrema and Glaucotrema (lichenized Ascomycota: Graphidaceae), with anomenclatural checklist of species published in Myriotrema? [J]. Herzogia, 29 (2): 493-513.

        LUMBSCH HT, DIVAKAR PK, MESSUTI MI, et al., 2010. A survey of thelotremoid lichens (Ascomycota: Ostropales) in subantarctic regions excluding Tasmania? [J]. Lichenologist, 42(2): 203-224.

        MANGOLD A, ELIX JA, LUMBSCH HT, 2009. Thelotremataceae? [J]. Flora Australia, 57: 195-420.

        NYLANDER W, 1867. Lichenes, Additamentum [J]//TRINA J, PLANCHON JE.? Prodromus florae Novo Granatensis ou numération des plantes de la NouvelleGrénade avec description des espèces nouvelles. Ann Sci Nat, sér. 5(Bot), 7: 301-354.

        REDINGER K, 1936. Thelotremaceae brasilienses imprimis ex herbario Regnelliano cognitae praetereaque in herbariis Krempelhuberi, Mülleri Arg., Nylanderi, Wainionis et Zahlbruckneri asservatae? [J]. Ark Bot, 28A(8): 1-122.

        RIVAS PLATA E, LCKING R, SIPMAN HJM, et al., 2010. A worldwide key to the thelotremoid Graphidaceae, excluding the OcellulariaMyriotremaStegobolus clade? [J]. Lichenologist, 42(2): 139-185.

        RIVAS PLATA E, LCKING R, LUMBSCH HT, 2012. A new classification for the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes, Ostropales)? [J]. Fungal Divers, 52: 107-121.

        RIVAS PLATA E, PARNMEN S, STAIGER B, et al., 2013. A molecular phylogeny of Graphidaceae (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes, Ostropales) including 428 species? [J]. Mycokeys, 6: 55-94.

        SIPMAN HJM, 1992. Results of a lichenological and bryological exploration of Cerro Guaiquinima (Guyana Highland, Venezuela)? [J]. Trop Bryol, 6: 1-33.

        WANG XH, XU LL, JIA ZF, 2015. The lichen genus Leiorreuma in China? [J]. Mycotaxon, 130: 247-251.

        XU LL, JIA ZF, 2015. Lichen genus Myriotrema and species M. viridialbum new to China? [J]. J Fung Res, 13(3): 132-135.

        XU LL, WU QH, WANG QD, et al., 2016. Chapsa (Graphidaceae, Ostropales), a lichen genus new to China? [J]. J Trop Subtrop Bot, 24(5): 495-498.? [徐麗麗, 吳青華, 王啟棟, 等, 2016. 中國地衣新記錄屬——裂衣屬? [J]. 熱帶亞熱帶植物學(xué)報(bào), 24(5): 495-498.]

        (責(zé)任編輯 何永艷)

        猜你喜歡
        子囊裂孔文字
        影響顱內(nèi)未破裂動(dòng)脈瘤患者動(dòng)脈瘤破裂風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的危險(xiǎn)因素分析
        大醫(yī)生(2025年3期)2025-01-24 00:00:00
        破壁方式對(duì)冠突散囊菌有性繁殖體提取物抑菌活性的影響
        文字的前世今生
        熱愛與堅(jiān)持
        當(dāng)我在文字中投宿
        文苑(2020年12期)2020-04-13 00:55:10
        粗糙脈孢菌7種子囊型歸類教學(xué)探究
        遺傳(2019年11期)2019-11-28 12:03:42
        裂孔在黃斑
        腹腔鏡聯(lián)合胃鏡引導(dǎo)下治療食管裂孔疝合并胃間質(zhì)瘤的臨床應(yīng)用
        腹腔鏡食管裂孔疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)聯(lián)合胃底折疊術(shù)治療食管裂孔疝三例術(shù)中測(cè)壓
        子囊霉素生物合成的研究進(jìn)展
        日韩精品人妻中文字幕有码| 国产综合一区二区三区av | 亚洲国产夜色在线观看| 精品国产网红福利在线观看| 国产黄片一区视频在线观看| 国产三级精品三级男人的天堂| 未满十八18禁止免费无码网站| 最近中文字幕大全在线电影视频| 中日韩欧美在线观看| 国产成人综合亚洲国产| 日本黄色影院一区二区免费看 | 亚洲av专区一区二区| 精品人妻av一区二区三区| 亚洲老妈激情一区二区三区| 久久免费看少妇高潮v片特黄| 亚洲第一免费播放区| 日本女优中文字幕在线播放| 中文字幕日韩精品一区二区三区 | 无码国产精品一区二区AV| 精品国产麻豆一区二区三区| 日本激情网站中文字幕| 欧美人与禽2o2o性论交| 抽插丰满内射高潮视频| 精品一区二区三区免费爱| 国产精品第一区亚洲精品| 中文字幕有码无码人妻av蜜桃| 欧美巨大xxxx做受中文字幕| 国产极品美女到高潮视频 | 在线观看人成视频免费| 99精品视频在线观看免费| 91精品国产无码在线观看| 亚洲精品一区三区三区在线| 欧美亚洲色综久久精品国产| 国产精品内射后入合集| 国产精品亚洲av网站| 亚洲av不卡一区男人天堂 | 国产精品免费久久久久软件| 国产精品va在线观看一| 国产精品综合一区久久| 国产女人高潮叫床免费视频| 国产精品偷伦免费观看的|