李燕香 曹小鳳
摘? 要:隨著電子技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,以能夠檢測(cè)及采集人體生理數(shù)據(jù)、應(yīng)用于健康監(jiān)控、醫(yī)療保健、體育競(jìng)技等領(lǐng)域的體域網(wǎng)應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。但是由于人體姿態(tài)處于不停移動(dòng)變化中,無(wú)線(xiàn)體域網(wǎng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境很不穩(wěn)定,數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃暂^低。針對(duì)這一問(wèn)題,本文引入網(wǎng)絡(luò)編碼技術(shù),以簡(jiǎn)化的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)錇槟P吞岢鲆环N基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)編解碼的中繼算法,并分析了該算法的網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸可靠性。最后,以丟包率作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)可靠性衡量指標(biāo),仿真結(jié)果表明:該算法與傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸算法相比,在一定程度上提高了數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃浴?/p>
關(guān)鍵詞:無(wú)線(xiàn)體域網(wǎng);網(wǎng)絡(luò)編碼;數(shù)據(jù)可靠傳輸
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TP393? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
Abstract:With the rapid development of electronic technology,Body Area Network (BAN) has been widely used in detecting and collecting human physiological data,health monitoring,health care,sports and other fields.However,because the human body posture is constantly changing,the network environment of Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is very unstable,and the reliability of data transmission is low.In order to solve this problem,this paper introduces network coding technology and proposes a relay algorithm based on network coding and decoding,taking simplified network topology as a model,and analyses the reliability of the algorithm in network transmission.Finally,the packet loss rate is used as a measure of network reliability.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm improves the reliability of data transmission to a certain extent compared with traditional data transmission algorithms.
Keywords:Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN);network coding;reliable data transmission
1? ?引言(Introduction)
無(wú)線(xiàn)體育網(wǎng)(Wireless Body Area Network,WBAN)是一種特殊的無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)。它是由穿戴在人體表面或者移植在人體內(nèi)部的用于收集人體生理參數(shù)的傳感器及信息處理中心組成[1,2]。體域網(wǎng)通過(guò)檢測(cè)人體生理數(shù)據(jù),在遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療,幫老助殘,目擊者救護(hù)等諸多領(lǐng)域醫(yī)用廣泛[3]。然而,隨著人體姿勢(shì)的變化,體域網(wǎng)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)是一個(gè)實(shí)時(shí)變化的網(wǎng)絡(luò),節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的通信質(zhì)量較差,如何提高體域網(wǎng)節(jié)點(diǎn)之間通信的可靠性,有著重要的研究意義。
本文將網(wǎng)絡(luò)編碼技術(shù)應(yīng)用到無(wú)線(xiàn)體域網(wǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸過(guò)程中提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性。文獻(xiàn)[4]將網(wǎng)絡(luò)編碼應(yīng)用于無(wú)線(xiàn)Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡(luò);文獻(xiàn)[5]通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證了將無(wú)線(xiàn)廣播特性與網(wǎng)絡(luò)編碼結(jié)合對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性的提高;文獻(xiàn)[6]提出一種基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)編碼的多路徑可靠傳輸策略;但是將網(wǎng)絡(luò)編碼應(yīng)用到體域網(wǎng)的研究相對(duì)較少,是一個(gè)較新的研究方向。
2? 基于BAN網(wǎng)絡(luò)編碼算法(BAN-based network
coding algorithm)
2.1? ?網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型
本文采用六個(gè)源節(jié)點(diǎn),兩個(gè)中繼節(jié)點(diǎn),一個(gè)匯聚節(jié)點(diǎn)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)淠P湍M多中繼無(wú)線(xiàn)體域網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,如圖1所示。
為了提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃?,?duì)中繼節(jié)點(diǎn)接收到的數(shù)據(jù)包進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)編碼,并在匯聚節(jié)點(diǎn)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)包進(jìn)行解碼操作,同時(shí)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)包進(jìn)行去重復(fù)操作。
2.2? ?編碼算法
用結(jié)合U表示中繼節(jié)點(diǎn)接收到的數(shù)據(jù)包集合,用集合C表示編碼后的數(shù)據(jù)包集合,。編碼方式如下[7]:
2.3? ?解碼算法
匯聚節(jié)點(diǎn)接收到來(lái)自中繼節(jié)點(diǎn)的編碼數(shù)據(jù)包(用表示這些數(shù)據(jù)包的Data字段)后,將其放置在矩陣D{n,n}中,n為傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù),矩陣D如下所示。
3? ?實(shí)驗(yàn)分析(Experimental analysis)
本文將不能被成功解碼的數(shù)據(jù)包視為數(shù)據(jù)包丟失,并以數(shù)據(jù)包的丟失率(Packet Loss Rate,PLR)作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可靠性的衡量。采用蒙特卡洛方法,與其他兩種數(shù)據(jù)傳輸機(jī)制對(duì)比,在不同誤碼率(Bit Error Rate,BER)、數(shù)據(jù)包錯(cuò)誤率(Packet Error Rate,PER)下,對(duì)比網(wǎng)絡(luò)PLR,驗(yàn)證了本文提出的算法能夠?qū)?shù)據(jù)可靠傳輸帶來(lái)一定的改善。
Comparing Algorithm1:將數(shù)據(jù)直接以單鏈路機(jī)制發(fā)送到匯聚節(jié)點(diǎn)。
Comparing Algorithm2:冗余傳輸機(jī)制。任何數(shù)據(jù)包都發(fā)送兩次。
4? ?結(jié)論(Conclusion)
本文針對(duì)體域網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境不穩(wěn)定,數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性低的問(wèn)題提出一種基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)編碼的編解碼算法提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性,并通過(guò)與傳統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸機(jī)制對(duì)比,通過(guò)仿真模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了本算法對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性有一定的改善。
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