臧志偉
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[摘要] 目的 分析2型糖尿病患者護(hù)理中聯(lián)用持續(xù)性膳食營(yíng)養(yǎng)指導(dǎo)與健康教育對(duì)糖代謝、慢性并發(fā)癥的影響。 方法 從2016年9月—2017年9月期間該院2型糖尿病患者中方便選取79例隨機(jī)分成對(duì)照組(38例,一般隨訪護(hù)理)和研究組(41例,對(duì)照組+持續(xù)性膳食營(yíng)養(yǎng)指導(dǎo)+健康教育)。比較兩組出院時(shí)、出院后6個(gè)月糖代謝情況,生活質(zhì)量,健康知識(shí)掌握情況,慢性并發(fā)癥。 結(jié)果 出院后6個(gè)月研究組空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血紅蛋白(HbA1c)、餐后2h血糖(PBG)分別為(6.32±1.11)mmol/L、(7.90±0.96)%、(8.38±1.21)mmol/L,對(duì)照組分別為(8.41±1.37)mmol/L、(9.14±1.13)%、(9.52±1.25)mmol/L,明顯高于研究組(t=7.475,P=0.000;t=5.269,P=0.000;t=4.118,P=0.000);出院后6個(gè)月研究組生活質(zhì)量評(píng)分為(81.57±5.02)分,對(duì)照組為(75.30±6.95)分,明顯低于研究組(t=4.621,P=0.000);研究組健康知識(shí)掌握優(yōu)良率為90.24%,明顯高于對(duì)照組的71.05%(χ2=4.722,P=0.030),慢性并發(fā)癥出現(xiàn)率為7.32%,明顯低于對(duì)照組的23.68%(χ2=4.101,P=0.043)。結(jié)論 2型糖尿病患者護(hù)理中聯(lián)用持續(xù)性膳食營(yíng)養(yǎng)指導(dǎo)與健康教育可改善糖代謝、生活質(zhì)量、健康知識(shí)掌握情況,減少并發(fā)癥。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 膳食營(yíng)養(yǎng)指導(dǎo);健康教育;2型糖尿病
[中圖分類號(hào)] R473.5;R587.1? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1674-0742(2019)05(a)-0136-04
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the effects of continuous dietary nutrition guidance and health education on glucose metabolism and chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods From September 2016 to September 2017, a total of 79 patients with type 2 diabetes were convenient selected and randomly divided into control group (38 cases, general follow-up care) and study group (41 cases, general follow-up care, continuous dietary nutrition guidance, and health education). The glucose metabolism, quality of life at discharge and 6 months after discharge, health knowledge, and chronic complications of the two groupswere compared. Results 6 months after discharge, the FBG, HbA1c, and PBG of the study group were (6.32±1.11) mmol/L, (7.90±0.96)%, and (8.38±1.21) mmol/L, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (8.41±1.37) mmol/L, (9.14±1.13)%, and (9.52±1.25) mmol/L, (t=7.475, P=0.000; t=5.269, P=0.000; t=4.118, P=0.000). The quality of life score of the study group was (81.57±5.02) points at 6 months after discharge, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (75.30±6.95) points (t=4.621, P=0.000). The excellent and good rate of health knowledge of the study group was 90.24%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (71.05%) (χ2=4.722, P=0.030). The incidence of chronic complications was 7.32% in the study group, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (23.68%) (χ2=4.101, P=0.043). Conclusion Continuous dietary nutrition guidance and health education in patients with type 2 diabetes can improve glucose metabolism, quality of life, health knowledge, and reduce complications.
歐雪群等[11]研究中,應(yīng)用延續(xù)性護(hù)理的觀察組患者出院后6個(gè)月糖尿病知識(shí)評(píng)分為(93.7±1.3)分,高于對(duì)照組的(70.9±1.5)分,觀察組FBG為(5.63±0.51)mmol/L,低于對(duì)照組的(7.36±0.83)mmol/L,觀察組PBG為(8.60±0.94)mmol/L,低于對(duì)照組的(11.87±1.06)mmol/L。該研究結(jié)果與其具有一致性。另外,歐雪群等還對(duì)患者出院后1個(gè)月、3個(gè)月、6個(gè)月再次入院率進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì),分別為0.0%、1.7%、1.7%,低于對(duì)照組的6.7%、11.7%、13.3%。該研究在客觀條件的限制下未進(jìn)行關(guān)于患者再次入院情況的統(tǒng)計(jì),關(guān)于該問題的研究需要積極創(chuàng)造研究條件,選取更大樣本數(shù)量實(shí)施更為深入的研究。
綜上,2型糖尿病患者護(hù)理中聯(lián)用持續(xù)性膳食營(yíng)養(yǎng)指導(dǎo)與健康教育可改善糖代謝、生活質(zhì)量、健康知識(shí)掌握情況,減少并發(fā)癥。
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(收稿日期:2019-01-28)