謝夢瑋　徐靖皓 李妍青　鞏春柳　楊麗榕

Qingdao university of science and technology， College of information science and technology， Qingdao 266061

Abstract.Although modern operating systems can provide us with convenient interacts with the system， the operating system is in the process of people using computer， in order to satisfy the two requirements： computer system performance and improve resource utilization and increase along with the increasing development of computer technology itself and its application， and gradually formed and perfected. In the development of the operating system， there is also the embodiment of the principle of innovation.

Keywords： operating system； contradiction analysis； innovation principle.

1.Manual operation mode and contradiction analysis

At the beginning， in order to improve the efficiency of data processing， the computer was applied to data processing. However， after the adoption of the computer， the manual operation of paper tape loading and removing speed was much slower than the computing speed of the computer， which restricted the efficiency of problem processing and reduced the utilization rate of resources.

The effective solution is to add a system software to the computer， and under its control， the computer can automatically and batch the work of one or more users. In other words， a system software is designed to preprocess the input and output of data， and then the system software is incorporated into the computer to form a set of periodic comprehensive processing problems.

2.Batch system description and contradiction analysis

Add a storage device between the host and the input machine -- magnetic tape， under the automatic control of the supervision program running on the host machine， the computer can complete automatically： batch the user jobs on the input machine read into magnetic tape， and then read the user jobs on magnetic tape into the host memory and execute and output the calculation results to the output machine. After the last batch of jobs is completed， the supervisor inputs another batch of jobs from the input machine， saves them on tape， and repeats the steps above.

3.multiprogramming system description and contradictions analysis

Multiprogramming technology allows multiple programs to enter memory and run simultaneously. That is to put multiple programs into memory at the same time， and allow them to run alternately in the CPU， they share a variety of hardware and software resources in the system. When a program is suspended because of an I/O request， the CPU immediately goes to run another program.

Multi-programming technology not only makes full use of CPU， but also improves the utilization rate of I/O equipment and memory， thus improving the resource utilization rate and system throughput of the whole system （the number of processing jobs （programs） per unit time）， and finally improves the efficiency of the whole system.

4.Real-time system description and contradiction analysis

The real-time system can be divided into two categories： one is the real-time control system. When it is used for the automatic control of aircraft flight and missile launch， the computer is required to process the data measured by the measurement system as soon as possible， control the aircraft or missile in a timely manner， or provide relevant information to decision makers through the display terminal. Second， the real-time information processing system， all require the computer to be able to terminal equipment sent to the service request in a timely and correct answer.

5.General operating system analysis

There are three basic types of operating systems： multi-channel batch systems， time-sharing systems， and real-time systems.

For example， real-time processing + batch processing = real-time batch system. First， make sure that real-time tasks are prioritized and batch jobs are inserted. Real-time tasks are often referred to as foreground jobs and batch jobs as background jobs.

For another example， time-sharing + batch = time-sharing batch system. That is， jobs with weak time requirements are put into the "background" （batch processing）， and jobs requiring frequent interaction are processed in the "foreground" （time-sharing）. The processor has priority to run the "foreground" job.

6.Further development of the operating system

Personal computer operating system development embodies the innovation principle of pre operation， namely： although now computer has been very rapid development， but for some technology application， in addition to the personnel engaged in the computer industry or technology enthusiasts， most of the users either don't have the time to understand， or don't know how to use directly， so it need us in the development of the operating system time to do enough to dispose of the pre-processing， the greatest degree of optimization of human-computer interaction， so as to make the personal computer can maximum convenience for the users.

7.The future of operating systems

Through the history of the various stages of the development of the operating system， the various stages of the contradiction，the analysis of potential and the application of the two innovative principles of package and pre-operation are more sufficient. Therefore， it is believed that the development trend of future operating systems is to embed the operating system into any realistic object that can be optimized to greatly promote the connection between people， Internet and everything.

References

[1]Yong Shao. Discuss the development and trend of computer operating system [J]. China new communications，2018，20（17）：41.

[2]Naiping Han. The operating system：Become strong in embracing open source [N]. China electronic news， 2018-11-16（007）.