趙麗娜

摘 要：初中英語(yǔ)試卷中，完形填空題占一定的比例。這個(gè)題不難，但是很多學(xué)生得分卻不理想。在教學(xué)過(guò)程中，經(jīng)過(guò)多次實(shí)踐，總結(jié)了以下幾點(diǎn)，與大家分享。

關(guān)鍵詞：通讀 推測(cè) 技巧

依據(jù)《義務(wù)教育英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的要求，完形填空題在中考中分為兩節(jié)，第一節(jié)側(cè)重對(duì)學(xué)生語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的掌握和運(yùn)用能力的考查，第二節(jié)注重對(duì)學(xué)生整體理解能力的考查，尤其對(duì)思維能力在較高層次（如聯(lián)想、推理、歸納等）上進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。難度較大、綜合性較強(qiáng)，完全考查學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言理解水平和駕馭能力?？梢哉f(shuō)，完形填空題解答的好壞是決定學(xué)生英語(yǔ)成績(jī)高低的關(guān)鍵，然而學(xué)生如何才能在中考中取得高分？技巧又有哪些呢？從教十幾年來(lái)，結(jié)合《中考說(shuō)明》，無(wú)論是給學(xué)生答疑解惑，還是平時(shí)在課堂上講解習(xí)題，主要從語(yǔ)法角度和短語(yǔ)詞組角度去做題，再聯(lián)系上下文結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，考慮語(yǔ)境，得出答案。如愚公移山

Once upon a time，there was a very old man called Yu Gong.He lived with his family in a village and there were two big and__1_mountains near his house.They spend a long time__2_to the other side.

1.A short B thin C high D long

2.A get B to get C got D getting

在做第2個(gè)題時(shí)，我們觀察句中包含spend+時(shí)間或金錢(qián)+（in）doing something，根據(jù)詞組，所以答案無(wú)疑應(yīng)該是D。而第一題結(jié)合常識(shí)為"高大的山”，所以選C。

One day，Yu Gong told his family that they must move the mountains to other places.__3__this，everyone in his family was laughing at him.One of his sons said，”Are you kidding？””No，Im serious and all of you must do it with me.”Everyone was__4_at that time.They really dont want to do it，but they have to do because the oldest man in his family was__5__important person at that time.

3.A Seeing B Doing C Hearing D Watching

4.A silent B tired C thirsty D exciting

5.A most B the most C more D much more

在做第3題和第4題時(shí)，聯(lián)系上下文考慮語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)該是“聽(tīng)到這個(gè)”，得出答案C。同樣的方法做第4題“每個(gè)人都沉默了”故選A。而第5題我們應(yīng)該想到這位老人是家里最重要的人，考查的是最高級(jí)，所以選B。

The next day everyone in Yu Gongs family started to dig the mountains.They put the stones and the earth___6_the sea.One day a man saw Yu Gong and his children__7_the mountains.He told Yu Gong he would never finish it.But Yu Gong said though he was__8_would die，his family could continue to move the mountains.Then they kept on digging day after day and year after year.

6.A.on B to C up D into

7.A dug B digging C to dig D dig

8.A healthy B well C strong D weak

第6題根據(jù)短語(yǔ)put into，故選D；而第7題考查詞組see somebody doing something.故答案為B。在做第8題時(shí)我們應(yīng)該結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)，老人年邁體弱，將要死亡，所以選D。

Finally a god was so moved by Yu Gong__9_he sent two gods to help Yu Gong move the mountains away.

The story_10__us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen.

9.A that B who C which D whether

10.A reminded B to remind C reminds D reminding

我們觀察到第9題包含so...that句型，考查語(yǔ)法，所以選A，而第10題考查remind的過(guò)去式，動(dòng)詞不定式，單三式和動(dòng)名詞形式，“故事提醒我們一個(gè)道理”應(yīng)該是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。所以選C.

需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是我們?cè)谧鲱}的時(shí)候，往往是語(yǔ)法和短語(yǔ)詞組穿插進(jìn)行的，這就要求學(xué)生熟練掌握所學(xué)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。另外，文章中，句與句之間、段與段之間緊密相連、渾然一體。因此，經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)前面的信息為后面的內(nèi)容提供暗示，而后面的信息也有可能為前面提供答案。這時(shí)，同學(xué)們切不可僅盯所填部分，而要聯(lián)系上下文，尋求信息以確定答案。如

The Readers is a popular TV show.It invites different people to read aloud on the stage.The_____also tells the moving stories behind those people.

A show B lesson C research D play

前面談到《朗讀者》是一個(gè)流行的電視節(jié)目，后面給出空格，“這個(gè)節(jié)目也告訴了我們那些人背后感人的故事”。要求同學(xué)們?cè)诜g的基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)語(yǔ)境得出答案，所以應(yīng)選A。又如：

President Roosevelt was a great hunter.One day，he travelled in Mississippi.Some people took him to go hunting.Things were not going well and President Roosevelt hunted nothing.Someone had an idea.He caught a bear and tied it to the tree for President Roosevelt to_____.The bear looked very helpless and tired，so Roosevelt refused to shoot it.

A catch B tie C shoot D take

這個(gè)題我們由最后一句“因此羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)拒絕射擊它”，推測(cè)出前面“它把熊綁到樹(shù)上”應(yīng)該是讓“羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)去射擊?！钡贸龃鸢窩.

每篇完形填空10道題，其中有1～2道題的難度較大，學(xué)生們?cè)诙虝r(shí)間內(nèi)很難確定答案。此時(shí)，學(xué)生應(yīng)該在讀完全文后，集中精力，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，反復(fù)推敲，對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析、綜合，作出決定。

詞不離句，句不離篇。同學(xué)們?cè)谧鐾晷翁羁諘r(shí)至少應(yīng)把全文通讀三遍，把握文章主旨，從句子語(yǔ)境出發(fā)，抓住關(guān)鍵詞，考慮所學(xué)語(yǔ)法，短語(yǔ)詞組，根據(jù)文章的中心、結(jié)合上下文的意思，推測(cè)空白處的意思，然后選出合乎語(yǔ)境的選項(xiàng)。