（1）Implantation,Embedment and integration：The“ Localization”Path of Social Work

ZhangLe·3·

The development of professional social work in China is also the process of its continuous“l(fā)ocalization”.During this period,social work experienced a stage of blunt implantation and deep embedding.Local segregation and power discipline have made the“l(fā)ocalization”of socialwork difficult.However,professional social work inherently has a“rooted tendency and landing traits”.Even in the face of difficulties,it has never abandoned the value principle of"improving the well-being of the people".With its mission of“promoting social equity”and its professional ability to“promote social change”,it is constantly adapting,adapting and changing in the grassroots governance field.Through the strategic approach rooted in the grassroots and based on services,social work is gradually moving towards a development path that is increasingly integrated with the grassroots governance system.

（2）Embedding,Construction and Autonomy：a Study on the Local Path of School Social Work：Based on the Ten-year Development Course of Shenzhen

LI Xiaofeng LIN Jiapeng ZHANG Jiao·18·

Shenzhen school social work development has experienced ten years to give priority to the edge of the embedded post auxiliary work,mainly small special service of shallow embedded,in a"home-school-enterprise-club"linkage and comprehensive radiation is given priority to the depth of the embedded,and towards a professional autonomy embedded into four stages.Based on the perspectives of"embedded development"and"structural construction",this paper interprets the curvilinear process of the social work of shenzhen schools from"in-stitutional dependence"to"professional autonomy"in the context of multiple systems.At the same time,the paper also sorts out the local practical experience mode for general and special students formed in the practice scene of shenzhen,and reflects on the core problems in the structural embedding and professional autonomy construction of social work in Shenzhen schools.

（3）Institutional Environments and Social Work Professional Development：Practice and Reference from Macau

HU Jie-rong·30·

Macau has a long history of social service,and the germination of social work profession took on three features.Firstly,social work profession originated from religion charities,and secondly,social work practices went head of professional training,and lastly,social work profession was exogenous.From the perceptive of relationship of institutional environment and professional development,since Macau returned to China,to prevent and solve social problems,to respond to the residents’needs,the number of social service agencies and the demand of social work professional personnel increase,and the welfare function of Macau government enhanced,which shape beneficial conditions for social work to develop.Moreover,Macau social work administrative system and social welfare institution are improving,government funding system is being perfect,and the social work registration and certification system is establishing.These institutions construction constitute favorable system guarantee for social work professional development.Macau’s systems in social service agencies administration and funding,social work professional talent employment and incentive,can service as reference for solution to recent difficulties in Chinese mainland social work growth.

（4）The Competence and Practical Learning of Chinese Professional Master's Education：Empirical Study Based on the Investigation of104MSW Projects

WANG Ye-an,YANG Ling&ZHANG Huan·40·

Based on self-determination theory and student-engagement theory,this empirical research regarded a total of 1,201 graduates who came from 104 professional master of social work(MSW)projects in China as sample,and employed five structural models to explore the interactions among the practice of learning achievement motivation,student-engagement and professional competence of MSW students,as well as the regulating effect of supervision on MSW students’professional competence.Results indicated that student-engagement fully mediates the influence of achievement motivation on professional competence;both institutional supervision and school supervision positively regulate the influence of student-engagement input on professional competence.In order to improve the practical learning effect of professional masters,it should strengthen the students'practical ability,pay attention to meet the psychological needs of students,cultivate self-learning atmosphere,and take some measures to improve students’behavioral engagement,active engagement and emotional engagement in practice.Meanwhile,it should make full use of the institutional supervisors and school supervisors,and then strengthen the role of supervisors in students'practice learning.

（5）The alternative interpretation of Agent-principal theory based on Altruism：The discovery from empirical study of social workers of Shenzhen

HUANG Zi-Han·54·

The basic assumption of public choice theory is that public officials as agents often choose based on Egoism.In collective actions，agents often have“adverse selection”and“moral hazard”due to insufficient incentives.The most important discovery in the public choice theory is relationship between Agent and principal.In order to provide more public services，the Shenzhen Municipal Government provides services to vulnerable groups by means of government purchasing services of social work organizations，which forms a public relationship similar to Agent-principal.Through the questionnaire survey of Shenzhen social workers（hereinafter referred to as“social worker”），this paper attempts to find the problem of agents in the social work industry.In the investigation，it is found that the social worker's professional belief（altruism）can help the social worker partially overcome the"adverse selection"in the principal-agent situation，but there are more complicated situations for reducing the"moral hazard".

（6）Reconstruction of relationship：The Service Paradigm of Lost Only Old Man from the view of Relationship theory of social Work

WANG Hongbo，CHENG Jingqing·70·

The professional service centered on reconstructing the relationship network of the elderly with the independence of the elderly is a new mode of social work involving the elderly.The practice of relationship reconstruction has theoretical traditions and cultural foundations,but it has only just started from the social work to the study of relational theory and the application of practice,and needs to be further explored.By combing the concept outline of relationship,historical tradition and theoretical context,and sketching the theoretical framework of social work relationship perspective,and operating it into relationship subject,relationship link and relationship situation,try to explore the relationship rebuilding of lost only old man in three stages.The reshaping of the relationship emphasizes the three-dimensional service of social work,and can fully exert the subjectivity of the elderly who have lost their independence,thus helping them to resume normal social life.

（7）Limited Integration and Frictional cooperation of Social Organizations Participate Poverty Alleviation：Based on the Analysis of Poverty Alleviation Actions of X International Non-Governmental Organizations

Qin Xiaofeng·79·

In recent years,people have paid lots of attention to the international non-governmental organizations’(INGOs’)poverty alleviation and development models,arguing that their advanced anti-poverty concept and models are constructive enlightenment for the"top-down"executive-led model in China.We admit that these organizations have introduced some new ideas,however,they still have significant practical problems and limitations per se.In this article,we focus on the case of an INGO project in Yunnan Province in the perspective of practical sociology,trying to analyze the organization’s anti-poverty actions in a complex localization field with Bourdieu's"field"theory.By analyzing the"dual-channel mode"of its poverty relief action in practice,we demonstrate that,despite its great contribution and achievement,this INGO is out of harmony with the system and is in a frictional cooperation within the sub-structures of the field.We further point out that,as this INGO is limitedly embedded in the local communities,the poverty relief system is in a“structural imbalance”,i.e.there is a tension between the organization and the local social structure and local poverty habitus.In a way,this INGO is limitedly embedded and self-centered in a“self-regulated segregation”under the pressure of managerialism and professionalism,rather than seeking to emerge to the local culture and context.Therefore the effectiveness of its poverty relief effort is also limited.This study brings a new inspiration to the INGOs in their future work of anti-poverty.While persevering in the road of specialization,the INGOs should also employ a development strategy with moderate localization.

（8）Research progress and prospect of supervisor relationship in the field of helping work：based on literature research from2000to 2018

SHEN Li，SHAO Zhen&LIAO Meilian·93·

Supervision is the core guarantee for helping workers to provide effective services for service objects,and supervision relationship has proved to be the key factor of effective supervision.In order to better understand the supervisor relationship and its contribution,so as to promote the development of the supervision practice in the field of helping work in the future,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the supervisor relationship in the field of helping work and the influence of the supervisor relationship on the supervision results by reviewing the research on the supervisor relationship at home and abroad in the past 20 years.The results show that the factors affecting the supervisor relationship in the existing studies are mainly concentrated in the supervisor and the supervised:(1)the supervisor level includes:the supervisor's individual factors involve personal traits,emotional intelligence level,attachment orientation,multicultural ability,etc.The supervision behavior involves the self-disclosure,structure arrangement and power utilization of the supervisor in the process of supervision.(2)the level of the supervised includes emotional intelligence,emotional experience,attachment orientation and coping resources.The influence of supervision relationship on the supervision results is mainly reflected in the sense of self-efficacy,self-disclosure,career satisfaction and burnout,satisfaction with the supervision,and the successful service settlement rate of the novice helping workers.The research suggests that in the future,the research on the supervisor relationship of helping work in China should be based on the basic soil culture and local characteristics:(1)the study on the supervisor relationship under the basic soil culture includes the study on the connotation of the supervisor relationship under the mentoring relationship and the study on the driving force of the supervisor relationship under the human relationship;(2)the research on the supervisor relationship based on local characteristics includes the study on the supervisor relationship in different helping workplaces,the study on the relationship between local practitioners and overseas supervisors,the study on the supervisor relationship between internal supervisors and external supervisors,etc.