E-DESIGN公司

1 總平面圖Master plan

2 與周邊豐富自然環(huán)境相關(guān)聯(lián)的森林空間Forest space that blends with the surrounding abundant natural environment

“充滿(mǎn)故人回憶的庭院型樹(shù)木葬墓地。”

羽曳野中央墓地“追憶森林”是希望回歸大自然的故人與樹(shù)木建立更好的親密關(guān)系而建造的樹(shù)木葬墓地。至今為止的樹(shù)木葬墓地是在決定的樹(shù)下密集布置墓碑的意向較強(qiáng)，雖尊重故人“臨終后回歸大自然”的遺愿，但未必能實(shí)現(xiàn)。以此背景為前提，本作品望能加深故人與樹(shù)木之間的聯(lián)系，打造新型樹(shù)木葬的存在方式，作為墓碑樹(shù)木和臨終地，可以自主選擇的新型樹(shù)木葬。如今樹(shù)木葬的存在越來(lái)越被當(dāng)代人所接受，羽曳野中央墓地“追憶森林”作為故人深藏記憶的新型樹(shù)木葬墓地，希望可以提高社會(huì)對(duì)此的關(guān)注度。

項(xiàng)目位于日本大阪府羽曳野市內(nèi)。歷史可追溯至2 000年前的古墓時(shí)代，這里是可以把整個(gè)老民宅風(fēng)情街景盡收眼底的高地?，F(xiàn)在該地區(qū)作為河內(nèi)葡萄酒的產(chǎn)地而聞名，墓地的周邊還有許多葡萄種植園。該規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)有效地利用可以眺望整個(gè)歷史街道地形的特征和周邊豐富的自然環(huán)境的同時(shí)，在材料和形狀的選擇上，充分考慮到周邊環(huán)境的因素，營(yíng)造一個(gè)與周邊環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)的空間。

關(guān)于設(shè)計(jì)理念的創(chuàng)意點(diǎn)，是通過(guò)被四季變化的樹(shù)木環(huán)繞的森林中，設(shè)置4種墓碑的布置方式，從中可以自由選擇作為墓碑的樹(shù)木。墓碑的布置方式分為：1）在森林中、2）在樹(shù)下、3）被樹(shù)木環(huán)抱著、4）以森林為背景的4種類(lèi)型，是可以自己決定與樹(shù)木關(guān)系的多項(xiàng)選擇性設(shè)計(jì)?？紤]樹(shù)木作為墓碑相關(guān)空間的選擇性上，是深切反映和實(shí)現(xiàn)希望回歸大自然的故人遺愿的重要設(shè)計(jì)元素。然而，為了消除對(duì)墓地陰暗難以靠近的印象，入口處設(shè)有親和力的高品質(zhì)石墻，并種植作為森林標(biāo)志樹(shù)的櫻花和紅楓，營(yíng)造具有親和力和迎賓品質(zhì)的設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)格。園內(nèi)的櫻花之中還栽有以長(zhǎng)壽為名的江戶(hù)彼岸櫻花，這里可與故人共同欣賞季節(jié)等祭奠活動(dòng)以外，也可以讓一般游客前來(lái)觀賞、休閑的公益性空間。

3 促進(jìn)作為樹(shù)木葬墓地骨骼的樹(shù)木成長(zhǎng)的透水性鋪裝園路Warm colored entrance mitigates the solemnness typically associated with cemeteries

4 形成減輕墓地特有的陰暗氛圍的親切入口Pathway with porous pavement to promote the growth of the trees which are the main elements of this cemetery

5 連接背景綠化的層狀草坪墓地Stepped grass burial ground that connects with the vegetation in the background

6 樹(shù)木環(huán)繞，仰望樹(shù)木的墓碑布置Grave stone placements that surround and look up to the tree

7 夕陽(yáng)逆光下的幻想風(fēng)景Fantastical landscape in the backlight of the evening sun

8 親和地迎接來(lái)訪(fǎng)者的宛如公園般的森林空間The park-like forest space warmly welcomes visitors

作為墓地骨骼的樹(shù)木，為確保形成不妨礙成長(zhǎng)的永生環(huán)境，通過(guò)布置不規(guī)則的接近自然種植的樹(shù)木，營(yíng)造出自然森林的景象。園路采用對(duì)樹(shù)木生長(zhǎng)良好的透水性鋪裝，通過(guò)圓滑的曲線(xiàn)形狀，營(yíng)造具有進(jìn)深感和回游性的小徑，賦予來(lái)訪(fǎng)者游覽森林中的愉悅感和期待感。樹(shù)木種類(lèi)采用具有親和力及季節(jié)感的日本最具代表性的櫻花等植栽，打造便于選擇故人生前最喜好的樹(shù)木的墓地環(huán)境。此外，在園路的途中布置來(lái)訪(fǎng)者可以休息的座椅，營(yíng)造與故人共同欣賞四季，回憶往事的場(chǎng)所。

在自己選擇墓碑樹(shù)木的瞬間，自身已隱于樹(shù)中。參拜者看見(jiàn)樹(shù)木的同時(shí)，回憶故人，宛如與故人再會(huì)。樹(shù)木成長(zhǎng)被森林環(huán)繞的時(shí)期，也是成為“追憶森林”充滿(mǎn)故人回憶的庭園型樹(shù)木葬墓地。

所在地：日本大阪府羽曳野市

開(kāi)發(fā)商：株式會(huì)社加登

竣工：2016年4月

周期：2016年1月—2016年4月

總設(shè)計(jì)面積：約1 300m2

總區(qū)劃數(shù)：約1 000區(qū)

設(shè)計(jì)師：長(zhǎng)濱伸貴，山田匡，中谷丞，和久珠生

合作單位：株式會(huì)社加登

獲獎(jiǎng)：日本2016年度GOOD DESIGN獎(jiǎng)

9 以夕陽(yáng)為背景的參拜Worshipping with the evening sun in the background

“Garden style cemetery with the wishes from the departed.”

Habikino Cemetery “Reminiscent Forest”is for those who desire to rest in nature with trees after life. Precedents of the similar type of cemeteries were crowded with gravestones under the predetermined trees, and they didn’t quite reflect the desire of the departed to “rest in nature after life”. In this project, we attempted to propose the stronger relationship of the memorial trees and the departed and provide them choices of the memorial trees and locations to rest. We hope this cemetery will generate the public interests in the new form of cemetery that is filled with the wishes from the departed.

The project is in Habikino City in Osaka. The area has two thousand years of history since Kofun Period, and it is located on the hill overlooking the quaint old houses. In recent years, it has been known for Kawachi Wine, and there are vineyards around the cemetery. The materials and forms in design complement the surrounding abundant natural environment and the view to the historical townscape.

The most innovative part of the design solution is having four options of the gravestone placement within the forest of trees with seasonal interests and choices of the memorial trees.

The gravestone placement methods include:1) in the forest, 2) under the tree, 3) around the tree, 4) with the forest in the background. Giving people choices in their spatial relationship with the memorial tree is an important design element which reflects their desire to rest in nature after life.Warm colored stone walls and symbolic cherry and maple trees greet visitors in an atmosphere far from the solemnness most associate with cemeteries.There is also a long-lived species of cherry tree in the park, and guests visit all year around to experience the memories of the deceased.

The stable habitat for trees that does not hinder the growth was provided, and trees are randomly placed in natural pattern to create a forest. The pathways have porous pavement to promote tree growth, and the curvilinear form gives depth and sequence that provides visitors enjoyment in walking around the forest. The plant selections, such as cherry trees, are determined based on the familiarity and seasonal interests to meet people’s preference of the trees. The benches are placed along the pathways to provide places where visitors rest and remember the departed while enjoying the seasons.

When the memorial tree is chosen, that tree projects the person. When the visitors see the tree,the memories of the departed come back, and they reunite. When the trees grow into a mature forest,“Reminiscent Forest” becomes a garden style cemetery filled with the wishes from the departed.

10 草坪中安放骨灰，在接近森林的環(huán)境中安眠的墓地類(lèi)型The cemetery type in which the ashes are laid under the lawn and the departed rests in the forest-like environment

11 可以在樹(shù)木下安眠的墓地類(lèi)型The cemetery type in which the departed rests under the tree

12 故人可以仰望樹(shù)木的墓地類(lèi)型The cemetery type in which the departed looks up to the tree

13 以森林為背景安眠的墓地類(lèi)型The cemetery type in which the departed rests with the forest in the background

14 初期意向手繪Early phase of the image sketch

Location:Habikino, Osaka

Client:Kato Co., Ltd.

Date of completion:April 2016

Construction period :From January to April 2016

Project area:Approximately 1,300m2

Number of plots:Approximately 1000 plots

Designers:Nobutaka Nagahama, Tadashi Yamada, Tasuku Nakatani, Tamao Waku

Cooperation companies:Kato Co., Ltd.

Awards:Good Design Award 2016